是否有一种简洁的方法在流上迭代,同时访问流中的索引?
String[] names = {"Sam","Pamela", "Dave", "Pascal", "Erik"};
List<String> nameList;
Stream<Integer> indices = intRange(1, names.length).boxed();
nameList = zip(indices, stream(names), SimpleEntry::new)
.filter(e -> e.getValue().length() <= e.getKey())
.map(Entry::getValue)
.collect(toList());
与这里给出的LINQ示例相比,这似乎相当令人失望
string[] names = { "Sam", "Pamela", "Dave", "Pascal", "Erik" };
var nameList = names.Where((c, index) => c.Length <= index + 1).ToList();
有更简洁的方式吗?
此外,似乎拉链已经移动或被拆除…
如果您不介意使用第三方库,Eclipse Collections有zipWithIndex和forEachWithIndex可供跨多种类型使用。下面是针对JDK类型和Eclipse Collections类型使用zipWithIndex的一组解决方案。
String[] names = { "Sam", "Pamela", "Dave", "Pascal", "Erik" };
ImmutableList<String> expected = Lists.immutable.with("Erik");
Predicate<Pair<String, Integer>> predicate =
pair -> pair.getOne().length() <= pair.getTwo() + 1;
// JDK Types
List<String> strings1 = ArrayIterate.zipWithIndex(names)
.collectIf(predicate, Pair::getOne);
Assert.assertEquals(expected, strings1);
List<String> list = Arrays.asList(names);
List<String> strings2 = ListAdapter.adapt(list)
.zipWithIndex()
.collectIf(predicate, Pair::getOne);
Assert.assertEquals(expected, strings2);
// Eclipse Collections types
MutableList<String> mutableNames = Lists.mutable.with(names);
MutableList<String> strings3 = mutableNames.zipWithIndex()
.collectIf(predicate, Pair::getOne);
Assert.assertEquals(expected, strings3);
ImmutableList<String> immutableNames = Lists.immutable.with(names);
ImmutableList<String> strings4 = immutableNames.zipWithIndex()
.collectIf(predicate, Pair::getOne);
Assert.assertEquals(expected, strings4);
MutableList<String> strings5 = mutableNames.asLazy()
.zipWithIndex()
.collectIf(predicate, Pair::getOne, Lists.mutable.empty());
Assert.assertEquals(expected, strings5);
下面是一个使用forEachWithIndex的解决方案。
MutableList<String> mutableNames =
Lists.mutable.with("Sam", "Pamela", "Dave", "Pascal", "Erik");
ImmutableList<String> expected = Lists.immutable.with("Erik");
List<String> actual = Lists.mutable.empty();
mutableNames.forEachWithIndex((name, index) -> {
if (name.length() <= index + 1)
actual.add(name);
});
Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);
如果您将上述lambdas更改为匿名内部类,那么所有这些代码示例都可以在Java 5 - 7中工作。
注意:我是Eclipse Collections的提交者
使用列表,你可以尝试一下
List<String> strings = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList("First", "Second", "Third", "Fourth", "Fifth")); // An example list of Strings
strings.stream() // Turn the list into a Stream
.collect(HashMap::new, (h, o) -> h.put(h.size(), o), (h, o) -> {}) // Create a map of the index to the object
.forEach((i, o) -> { // Now we can use a BiConsumer forEach!
System.out.println(String.format("%d => %s", i, o));
});
输出:
0 => First
1 => Second
2 => Third
3 => Fourth
4 => Fifth
String[] namesArray = {"Sam","Pamela", "Dave", "Pascal", "Erik"};
String completeString
= IntStream.range(0,namesArray.length)
.mapToObj(i -> namesArray[i]) // Converting each array element into Object
.map(String::valueOf) // Converting object to String again
.collect(Collectors.joining(",")); // getting a Concat String of all values
System.out.println(completeString);
山姆,帕梅拉,戴夫,帕斯卡,埃里克
String[] namesArray = {"Sam","Pamela", "Dave", "Pascal", "Erik"};
IntStream.range(0,namesArray.length)
.mapToObj(i -> namesArray[i]) // Converting each array element into Object
.map(String::valueOf) // Converting object to String again
.forEach(s -> {
//You can do various operation on each element here
System.out.println(s);
}); // getting a Concat String of all
收集清单:
String[] namesArray = {"Sam","Pamela", "Dave", "Pascal", "Erik"};
List<String> namesList
= IntStream.range(0,namesArray.length)
.mapToObj(i -> namesArray[i]) // Converting each array element into Object
.map(String::valueOf) // Converting object to String again
.collect(Collectors.toList()); // collecting elements in List
System.out.println(listWithIndex);
我在我的项目中使用了以下解决方案。我认为这比使用可变对象或整数范围要好。
import java.util.*;
import java.util.function.*;
import java.util.stream.Collector;
import java.util.stream.Collector.Characteristics;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
import java.util.stream.StreamSupport;
import static java.util.Objects.requireNonNull;
public class CollectionUtils {
private CollectionUtils() { }
/**
* Converts an {@link java.util.Iterator} to {@link java.util.stream.Stream}.
*/
public static <T> Stream<T> iterate(Iterator<? extends T> iterator) {
int characteristics = Spliterator.ORDERED | Spliterator.IMMUTABLE;
return StreamSupport.stream(Spliterators.spliteratorUnknownSize(iterator, characteristics), false);
}
/**
* Zips the specified stream with its indices.
*/
public static <T> Stream<Map.Entry<Integer, T>> zipWithIndex(Stream<? extends T> stream) {
return iterate(new Iterator<Map.Entry<Integer, T>>() {
private final Iterator<? extends T> streamIterator = stream.iterator();
private int index = 0;
@Override
public boolean hasNext() {
return streamIterator.hasNext();
}
@Override
public Map.Entry<Integer, T> next() {
return new AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry<>(index++, streamIterator.next());
}
});
}
/**
* Returns a stream consisting of the results of applying the given two-arguments function to the elements of this stream.
* The first argument of the function is the element index and the second one - the element value.
*/
public static <T, R> Stream<R> mapWithIndex(Stream<? extends T> stream, BiFunction<Integer, ? super T, ? extends R> mapper) {
return zipWithIndex(stream).map(entry -> mapper.apply(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] names = {"Sam", "Pamela", "Dave", "Pascal", "Erik"};
System.out.println("Test zipWithIndex");
zipWithIndex(Arrays.stream(names)).forEach(entry -> System.out.println(entry));
System.out.println();
System.out.println("Test mapWithIndex");
mapWithIndex(Arrays.stream(names), (Integer index, String name) -> index+"="+name).forEach((String s) -> System.out.println(s));
}
}
最简洁的方法是从一系列指数开始:
String[] names = {"Sam", "Pamela", "Dave", "Pascal", "Erik"};
IntStream.range(0, names.length)
.filter(i -> names[i].length() <= i)
.mapToObj(i -> names[i])
.collect(Collectors.toList());
结果列表只包含“Erik”。
当你习惯for循环时,另一种看起来更熟悉的方法是使用可变对象维护一个临时计数器,例如AtomicInteger:
String[] names = {"Sam", "Pamela", "Dave", "Pascal", "Erik"};
AtomicInteger index = new AtomicInteger();
List<String> list = Arrays.stream(names)
.filter(n -> n.length() <= index.incrementAndGet())
.collect(Collectors.toList());
注意,在并行流上使用后一种方法可能会中断,因为项目不一定会“按顺序”处理。