我需要做一些相当简单的事情:在我的ASP。NET MVC应用程序，我想设置自定义IIdentity / IPrincipal。哪一个更容易/更合适。我想扩展默认值，这样我就可以调用User.Identity.Id和User.Identity.Role之类的东西。没什么特别的，只是一些额外的属性。
I've read tons of articles and questions but I feel like I'm making it harder than it actually is. I thought it would be easy. If a user logs on, I want to set a custom IIdentity. So I thought, I will implement Application_PostAuthenticateRequest in my global.asax. However, that is called on every request, and I don't want to do a call to the database on every request which would request all the data from the database and put in a custom IPrincipal object. That also seems very unnecessary, slow, and in the wrong place (doing database calls there) but I could be wrong. Or where else would that data come from?
因此，我认为，每当用户登录时，我都可以在会话中添加一些必要的变量，这些变量将添加到Application_PostAuthenticateRequest事件处理程序中的自定义IIdentity中。然而，我的上下文。Session在那里是空的，所以这也不是正确的方法。
我已经为此工作了一天了，我觉得我遗漏了一些东西。这应该不难，对吧?我也对随之而来的所有(半)相关的东西感到困惑。MembershipProvider, MembershipUser, RoleProvider, ProfileProvider, IPrincipal, IIdentity, FormsAuthentication....难道只有我一个人对这一切感到困惑吗?
如果有人能告诉我一个简单，优雅，高效的解决方案来存储一些额外的数据在IIdentity没有所有额外的模糊。那太好了!我知道在SO上有类似的问题，但如果我需要的答案在那里，我一定是忽略了。
我是这样做的。
我决定使用IPrincipal而不是IIdentity，因为这意味着我不必同时实现IIdentity和IPrincipal。
Create the interface
interface ICustomPrincipal : IPrincipal
{
int Id { get; set; }
string FirstName { get; set; }
string LastName { get; set; }
}
CustomPrincipal
public class CustomPrincipal : ICustomPrincipal
{
public IIdentity Identity { get; private set; }
public bool IsInRole(string role) { return false; }
public CustomPrincipal(string email)
{
this.Identity = new GenericIdentity(email);
}
public int Id { get; set; }
public string FirstName { get; set; }
public string LastName { get; set; }
}
CustomPrincipalSerializeModel - for serializing custom information into userdata field in FormsAuthenticationTicket object.
public class CustomPrincipalSerializeModel
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string FirstName { get; set; }
public string LastName { get; set; }
}
LogIn method - setting up a cookie with custom information
if (Membership.ValidateUser(viewModel.Email, viewModel.Password))
{
var user = userRepository.Users.Where(u => u.Email == viewModel.Email).First();
CustomPrincipalSerializeModel serializeModel = new CustomPrincipalSerializeModel();
serializeModel.Id = user.Id;
serializeModel.FirstName = user.FirstName;
serializeModel.LastName = user.LastName;
JavaScriptSerializer serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
string userData = serializer.Serialize(serializeModel);
FormsAuthenticationTicket authTicket = new FormsAuthenticationTicket(
1,
viewModel.Email,
DateTime.Now,
DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(15),
false,
userData);
string encTicket = FormsAuthentication.Encrypt(authTicket);
HttpCookie faCookie = new HttpCookie(FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName, encTicket);
Response.Cookies.Add(faCookie);
return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
}
Global.asax.cs - Reading cookie and replacing HttpContext.User object, this is done by overriding PostAuthenticateRequest
protected void Application_PostAuthenticateRequest(Object sender, EventArgs e)
{
HttpCookie authCookie = Request.Cookies[FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName];
if (authCookie != null)
{
FormsAuthenticationTicket authTicket = FormsAuthentication.Decrypt(authCookie.Value);
JavaScriptSerializer serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
CustomPrincipalSerializeModel serializeModel = serializer.Deserialize<CustomPrincipalSerializeModel>(authTicket.UserData);
CustomPrincipal newUser = new CustomPrincipal(authTicket.Name);
newUser.Id = serializeModel.Id;
newUser.FirstName = serializeModel.FirstName;
newUser.LastName = serializeModel.LastName;
HttpContext.Current.User = newUser;
}
}
Access in Razor views
@((User as CustomPrincipal).Id)
@((User as CustomPrincipal).FirstName)
@((User as CustomPrincipal).LastName)
在代码中:
(User as CustomPrincipal).Id
(User as CustomPrincipal).FirstName
(User as CustomPrincipal).LastName
我认为代码是不言自明的。如果不是，请告诉我。
此外，为了使访问更加容易，你可以创建一个基本控制器并覆盖返回的User对象(HttpContext.User):
public class BaseController : Controller
{
protected virtual new CustomPrincipal User
{
get { return HttpContext.User as CustomPrincipal; }
}
}
然后，对于每个控制器:
public class AccountController : BaseController
{
// ...
}
这将允许您访问代码中的自定义字段，像这样:
User.Id
User.FirstName
User.LastName
但这在视图内部行不通。为此，你需要创建一个自定义WebViewPage实现:
public abstract class BaseViewPage : WebViewPage
{
public virtual new CustomPrincipal User
{
get { return base.User as CustomPrincipal; }
}
}
public abstract class BaseViewPage<TModel> : WebViewPage<TModel>
{
public virtual new CustomPrincipal User
{
get { return base.User as CustomPrincipal; }
}
}
将其设置为Views/web.config中的默认页面类型:
<pages pageBaseType="Your.Namespace.BaseViewPage">
<namespaces>
<add namespace="System.Web.Mvc" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Ajax" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Html" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Routing" />
</namespaces>
</pages>
在视图中，你可以像这样访问它:
@User.FirstName
@User.LastName
