ASP。NET MVC -设置自定义IIdentity或IPrincipal

我需要做一些相当简单的事情:在我的ASP。NET MVC应用程序，我想设置自定义IIdentity / IPrincipal。哪一个更容易/更合适。我想扩展默认值，这样我就可以调用User.Identity.Id和User.Identity.Role之类的东西。没什么特别的，只是一些额外的属性。

I've read tons of articles and questions but I feel like I'm making it harder than it actually is. I thought it would be easy. If a user logs on, I want to set a custom IIdentity. So I thought, I will implement Application_PostAuthenticateRequest in my global.asax. However, that is called on every request, and I don't want to do a call to the database on every request which would request all the data from the database and put in a custom IPrincipal object. That also seems very unnecessary, slow, and in the wrong place (doing database calls there) but I could be wrong. Or where else would that data come from?

因此，我认为，每当用户登录时，我都可以在会话中添加一些必要的变量，这些变量将添加到Application_PostAuthenticateRequest事件处理程序中的自定义IIdentity中。然而，我的上下文。Session在那里是空的，所以这也不是正确的方法。

我已经为此工作了一天了，我觉得我遗漏了一些东西。这应该不难，对吧?我也对随之而来的所有(半)相关的东西感到困惑。MembershipProvider, MembershipUser, RoleProvider, ProfileProvider, IPrincipal, IIdentity, FormsAuthentication....难道只有我一个人对这一切感到困惑吗?

如果有人能告诉我一个简单，优雅，高效的解决方案来存储一些额外的数据在IIdentity没有所有额外的模糊。那太好了!我知道在SO上有类似的问题，但如果我需要的答案在那里，我一定是忽略了。

当前回答

在LukeP回答的基础上，结合Web.config，增加了设置超时和requireSSL的方法。

参考资料链接

MSDN，解释:表单认证在ASP。NET 2.0 MSDN, FormsAuthentication类所以，.net Access Forms认证的“timeout”值在代码中

LukeP代码修改

1、根据Web.Config设置超时时间。FormsAuthentication。Timeout将获得Timeout值，该值在web.config中定义。我将以下内容包装为一个函数，该函数返回一张票据。

int version = 1;
DateTime now = DateTime.Now;

// respect to the `timeout` in Web.config.
TimeSpan timeout = FormsAuthentication.Timeout;
DateTime expire = now.Add(timeout);
bool isPersist = false;

FormsAuthenticationTicket ticket = new FormsAuthenticationTicket(
     version,          
     name,
     now,
     expire,
     isPersist,
     userData);

2、根据RequireSSL配置，配置cookie是否安全。

HttpCookie faCookie = new HttpCookie(FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName, encTicket);
// respect to `RequreSSL` in `Web.Config`
bool bSSL = FormsAuthentication.RequireSSL;
faCookie.Secure = bSSL;

2013-04-23 09:58:38

其他回答

MVC为你提供了挂在控制器类上的OnAuthorize方法。或者，您可以使用自定义操作筛选器来执行授权。MVC使它很容易做到。我在这里发表了一篇关于这个的博客文章。http://www.bradygaster.com/post/custom-authentication-with-mvc-3.0

2011-06-23 12:21:43

好吧，我在这里是一个严肃的密码管理员，通过拖动这个非常古老的问题，但有一个更简单的方法来解决这个问题，上面的@Baserz提到过。那就是使用c#扩展方法和缓存的组合(不要使用会话)。

事实上，Microsoft已经在Microsoft. aspnet . identity . identityextensions名称空间中提供了许多这样的扩展。例如，GetUserId()是一个返回用户Id的扩展方法。还有GetUserName()和FindFirstValue()，它们返回基于IPrincipal的声明。

因此，您只需要包含名称空间，然后调用User.Identity.GetUserName()来获得ASP配置的用户名。净的身份。

我不确定这是否被缓存，因为旧的ASP。NET Identity不是开源的，我也没有费心对它进行逆向工程。然而，如果不是，那么你可以编写自己的扩展方法，这将缓存这个结果的特定数量的时间。

2017-05-31 20:49:11

我尝试了LukeP建议的解决方案，发现它不支持Authorize属性。所以，我做了一些修改。

public class UserExBusinessInfo
{
    public int BusinessID { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

public class UserExInfo
{
    public IEnumerable<UserExBusinessInfo> BusinessInfo { get; set; }
    public int? CurrentBusinessID { get; set; }
}

public class PrincipalEx : ClaimsPrincipal
{
    private readonly UserExInfo userExInfo;
    public UserExInfo UserExInfo => userExInfo;

    public PrincipalEx(IPrincipal baseModel, UserExInfo userExInfo)
        : base(baseModel)
    {
        this.userExInfo = userExInfo;
    }
}

public class PrincipalExSerializeModel
{
    public UserExInfo UserExInfo { get; set; }
}

public static class IPrincipalHelpers
{
    public static UserExInfo ExInfo(this IPrincipal @this) => (@this as PrincipalEx)?.UserExInfo;
}


    [HttpPost]
    [AllowAnonymous]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public async Task<ActionResult> Login(LoginModel details, string returnUrl)
    {
        if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            AppUser user = await UserManager.FindAsync(details.Name, details.Password);

            if (user == null)
            {
                ModelState.AddModelError("", "Invalid name or password.");
            }
            else
            {
                ClaimsIdentity ident = await UserManager.CreateIdentityAsync(user, DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie);
                AuthManager.SignOut();
                AuthManager.SignIn(new AuthenticationProperties { IsPersistent = false }, ident);

                user.LastLoginDate = DateTime.UtcNow;
                await UserManager.UpdateAsync(user);

                PrincipalExSerializeModel serializeModel = new PrincipalExSerializeModel();
                serializeModel.UserExInfo = new UserExInfo()
                {
                    BusinessInfo = await
                        db.Businesses
                        .Where(b => user.Id.Equals(b.AspNetUserID))
                        .Select(b => new UserExBusinessInfo { BusinessID = b.BusinessID, Name = b.Name })
                        .ToListAsync()
                };

                JavaScriptSerializer serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();

                string userData = serializer.Serialize(serializeModel);

                FormsAuthenticationTicket authTicket = new FormsAuthenticationTicket(
                         1,
                         details.Name,
                         DateTime.Now,
                         DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(15),
                         false,
                         userData);

                string encTicket = FormsAuthentication.Encrypt(authTicket);
                HttpCookie faCookie = new HttpCookie(FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName, encTicket);
                Response.Cookies.Add(faCookie);

                return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);
            }
        }
        return View(details);
    }

最后是global。asax。cs

    protected void Application_PostAuthenticateRequest(Object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        HttpCookie authCookie = Request.Cookies[FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName];

        if (authCookie != null)
        {
            FormsAuthenticationTicket authTicket = FormsAuthentication.Decrypt(authCookie.Value);
            JavaScriptSerializer serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
            PrincipalExSerializeModel serializeModel = serializer.Deserialize<PrincipalExSerializeModel>(authTicket.UserData);
            PrincipalEx newUser = new PrincipalEx(HttpContext.Current.User, serializeModel.UserExInfo);
            HttpContext.Current.User = newUser;
        }
    }

现在我可以通过调用来访问视图和控制器中的数据

User.ExInfo()

要退出，我只要打电话

AuthManager.SignOut();

AuthManager在哪里

HttpContext.GetOwinContext().Authentication

2018-06-26 09:02:53

下面是一个完成这项工作的例子。bool isValid是通过查看一些数据存储(假设您的用户数据库)来设置的。UserID只是我维护的一个ID。您可以向用户数据添加其他信息，如电子邮件地址。

protected void btnLogin_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{         
    //Hard Coded for the moment
    bool isValid=true;
    if (isValid) 
    {
         string userData = String.Empty;
         userData = userData + "UserID=" + userID;
         FormsAuthenticationTicket ticket = new FormsAuthenticationTicket(1, username, DateTime.Now, DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(30), true, userData);
         string encTicket = FormsAuthentication.Encrypt(ticket);
         HttpCookie faCookie = new HttpCookie(FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName, encTicket);
         Response.Cookies.Add(faCookie);
         //And send the user where they were heading
         string redirectUrl = FormsAuthentication.GetRedirectUrl(username, false);
         Response.Redirect(redirectUrl);
     }
}

在全局asax中添加以下代码来检索您的信息

protected void Application_AuthenticateRequest(Object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    HttpCookie authCookie = Request.Cookies[
             FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName];
    if(authCookie != null)
    {
        //Extract the forms authentication cookie
        FormsAuthenticationTicket authTicket = 
               FormsAuthentication.Decrypt(authCookie.Value);
        // Create an Identity object
        //CustomIdentity implements System.Web.Security.IIdentity
        CustomIdentity id = GetUserIdentity(authTicket.Name);
        //CustomPrincipal implements System.Web.Security.IPrincipal
        CustomPrincipal newUser = new CustomPrincipal();
        Context.User = newUser;
    }
}

稍后使用该信息时，可以按如下方式访问自定义主体。

(CustomPrincipal)this.User
or 
(CustomPrincipal)this.Context.User

这将允许您访问自定义用户信息。

2009-11-20 10:55:35