我试图用Python列表中的值创建一个.csv文件。当我打印列表中的值时,它们都是unicode(?),即它们看起来像这样
[u'value 1', u'value 2', ...]
如果我遍历列表中的值,即mylist中的v:打印v,它们看起来是纯文本。
然后在每一个之间加上print '。join(mylist)
我可以输出到一个文件,即。
myfile = open(...)
print >>myfile, ','.join(mylist)
但是我想输出到CSV,并在列表中的值周围有分隔符。
"value 1", "value 2", ...
我找不到一个简单的方法来包括在格式分隔符,例如,我已经尝试通过连接语句。我该怎么做呢?
使用python的csv模块来读写逗号或制表符分隔的文件。csv模块是首选,因为它可以很好地控制引用。
例如,下面是你的工作示例:
import csv
data = ["value %d" % i for i in range(1,4)]
out = csv.writer(open("myfile.csv","w"), delimiter=',',quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL)
out.writerow(data)
生产:
"value 1","value 2","value 3"
你当然应该使用CSV模块,但你可能需要编写unicode。对于那些需要编写unicode的人,这是来自示例页面的类,您可以将其用作util模块:
import csv, codecs, cStringIO
class UTF8Recoder:
"""
Iterator that reads an encoded stream and reencodes the input to UTF-8
"""
def __init__(self, f, encoding):
self.reader = codecs.getreader(encoding)(f)
def __iter__(self):
return self
def next(self):
return self.reader.next().encode("utf-8")
class UnicodeReader:
"""
A CSV reader which will iterate over lines in the CSV file "f",
which is encoded in the given encoding.
"""
def __init__(self, f, dialect=csv.excel, encoding="utf-8", **kwds):
f = UTF8Recoder(f, encoding)
self.reader = csv.reader(f, dialect=dialect, **kwds)
def next(self):
row = self.reader.next()
return [unicode(s, "utf-8") for s in row]
def __iter__(self):
return self
class UnicodeWriter:
"""
A CSV writer which will write rows to CSV file "f",
which is encoded in the given encoding.
"""
def __init__(self, f, dialect=csv.excel, encoding="utf-8", **kwds):
# Redirect output to a queue
self.queue = cStringIO.StringIO()
self.writer = csv.writer(self.queue, dialect=dialect, **kwds)
self.stream = f
self.encoder = codecs.getincrementalencoder(encoding)()
def writerow(self, row):
self.writer.writerow([s.encode("utf-8") for s in row])
# Fetch UTF-8 output from the queue ...
data = self.queue.getvalue()
data = data.decode("utf-8")
# ... and reencode it into the target encoding
data = self.encoder.encode(data)
# write to the target stream
self.stream.write(data)
# empty queue
self.queue.truncate(0)
def writerows(self, rows):
for row in rows:
self.writerow(row)
下面是Python 3的复制粘贴示例。使用选项定义自己的分隔符和引号字符。
import csv
mylist = ['value 1', 'value 2', 'value 3']
with open('employee_file.csv', mode='w') as employee_file:
employee_writer = csv.writer(employee_file, delimiter=',', quotechar='"', quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL)
employee_writer.writerow(mylist)
这会生成employee_file.csv,如下所示:
"value 1","value 2","value 3"
NOTE:
If quoting is set to csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL, then .writerow() will quote
fields only if they contain the delimiter or the quotechar. This is
the default case.
If quoting is set to csv.QUOTE_ALL, then .writerow() will quote all
fields.
If quoting is set to csv.QUOTE_NONNUMERIC, then .writerow() will quote
all fields containing text data and convert all numeric fields to the
float data type.
If quoting is set to csv.QUOTE_NONE, then .writerow() will escape
delimiters instead of quoting them. In this case, you also must
provide a value for the escapechar optional parameter.