在ASP中返回一个文件到查看/下载。NET MVC

我遇到了一个问题，将存储在数据库中的文件发送回ASP中的用户。净MVC。我想要的是一个列出两个链接的视图，一个用于查看文件并让发送到浏览器的mimetype决定如何处理它，另一个用于强制下载。

如果我选择查看一个名为SomeRandomFile.bak的文件，而浏览器没有相关的程序来打开这种类型的文件，那么它默认为下载行为就没有问题。但是，如果我选择查看名为SomeRandomFile.pdf或SomeRandomFile.jpg的文件，我希望该文件直接打开。但是我还想在旁边保留一个下载链接，这样无论文件类型如何，我都可以强制下载提示。这有道理吗?

我已经尝试了FileStreamResult，它适用于大多数文件，它的构造函数默认不接受文件名，因此未知文件被分配一个基于URL的文件名(不知道扩展名基于内容类型)。如果我强制指定文件名，浏览器就不能直接打开文件，只能得到下载提示。有人遇到过这种情况吗?

这些是我目前为止尝试过的例子。

//Gives me a download prompt.
return File(document.Data, document.ContentType, document.Name);

//Opens if it is a known extension type, downloads otherwise (download has bogus name and missing extension)
return new FileStreamResult(new MemoryStream(document.Data), document.ContentType);

//Gives me a download prompt (lose the ability to open by default if known type)
return new FileStreamResult(new MemoryStream(document.Data), document.ContentType) {FileDownloadName = document.Name};

有什么建议吗?

UPDATE: This questions seems to strike a chord with a lot of people, so I thought I'd post an update. The warning on the accepted answer below that was added by Oskar regarding international characters is completely valid, and I've hit it a few times due to using the ContentDisposition class. I've since updated my implementation to fix this. While the code below is from my most recent incarnation of this problem in an ASP.NET Core (Full Framework) app, it should work with minimal changes in an older MVC application as well since I'm using the System.Net.Http.Headers.ContentDispositionHeaderValue class.

using System.Net.Http.Headers;

public IActionResult Download()
{
    Document document = ... //Obtain document from database context

    //"attachment" means always prompt the user to download
    //"inline" means let the browser try and handle it
    var cd = new ContentDispositionHeaderValue("attachment")
    {
        FileNameStar = document.FileName
    };
    Response.Headers.Add(HeaderNames.ContentDisposition, cd.ToString());

    return File(document.Data, document.ContentType);
}

// an entity class for the document in my database 
public class Document
{
    public string FileName { get; set; }
    public string ContentType { get; set; }
    public byte[] Data { get; set; }
    //Other properties left out for brevity
}

当前回答

查看文件(例如txt):

return File("~/TextFileInRootDir.txt", MediaTypeNames.Text.Plain);

下载文件(例如txt):

return File("~/TextFileInRootDir.txt", MediaTypeNames.Text.Plain, "TextFile.txt");

注意:要下载文件，我们应该传递fileDownloadName参数

2016-05-04 16:10:14

其他回答

我相信这个答案更清晰，(基于…… https://stackoverflow.com/a/3007668/550975)

    public ActionResult GetAttachment(long id)
    {
        FileAttachment attachment;
        using (var db = new TheContext())
        {
            attachment = db.FileAttachments.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Id == id);
        }

        return File(attachment.FileData, "application/force-download", Path.GetFileName(attachment.FileName));
    }

2013-11-07 19:28:58

Action方法需要用流、字节[]或文件的虚拟路径返回FileResult。您还需要知道正在下载的文件的内容类型。下面是一个示例(快速/肮脏)实用方法。视频链接示例如何使用asp.net core下载文件

[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class DownloadController : Controller
{
    [HttpGet]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Download()
    {
        var path = @"C:\Vetrivel\winforms.png";
        var memory = new MemoryStream();
        using (var stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open))
        {
            await stream.CopyToAsync(memory);
        }
        memory.Position = 0;
        var ext = Path.GetExtension(path).ToLowerInvariant();
        return File(memory, GetMimeTypes()[ext], Path.GetFileName(path));
    }

    private Dictionary<string, string> GetMimeTypes()
    {
        return new Dictionary<string, string>
        {
            {".txt", "text/plain"},
            {".pdf", "application/pdf"},
            {".doc", "application/vnd.ms-word"},
            {".docx", "application/vnd.ms-word"},
            {".png", "image/png"},
            {".jpg", "image/jpeg"},
            ...
        };
    }
}

2019-08-10 17:09:07

Darin Dimitrov的答案是正确的。补充一点:

响应。AppendHeader(“附加”,cd.ToString ());可能会导致浏览器无法呈现文件，如果你的响应已经包含一个“Content-Disposition”头。在这种情况下，你可能想使用:

Response.Headers.Add("Content-Disposition", cd.ToString());

2016-04-21 16:58:33

public ActionResult Download()
{
    var document = ...
    var cd = new System.Net.Mime.ContentDisposition
    {
        // for example foo.bak
        FileName = document.FileName, 

        // always prompt the user for downloading, set to true if you want 
        // the browser to try to show the file inline
        Inline = false, 
    };
    Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", cd.ToString());
    return File(document.Data, document.ContentType);
}

注意:上面的示例代码不能正确地说明文件名中的国际字符。相关标准化参见RFC6266。我相信ASP的最新版本。Net MVC的File()方法和ContentDispositionHeaderValue类很好地解释了这一点。——奥斯卡2016-02-25

2011-04-29 09:13:26

下面的代码为我从API服务中获取pdf文件并将其响应到浏览器-希望它有帮助;

public async Task<FileResult> PrintPdfStatements(string fileName)
    {
         var fileContent = await GetFileStreamAsync(fileName);
         var fileContentBytes = ((MemoryStream)fileContent).ToArray();
         return File(fileContentBytes, System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application.Pdf);
    }

2018-05-10 12:38:33

在ASP中返回一个文件到查看/下载。NET MVC

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