在SQL Server 2016 Management Studio中，将azure数据库获取到本地机器的过程已经简化。

右键单击要导入的数据库，单击Tasks > Export data-tier application，然后将数据库导出到本地的.dacpac文件。

在本地目标SQL server实例中，可以右键单击Databases >导入数据层应用程序，一旦它是本地的，就可以执行备份和恢复数据库之类的操作。

使用SQL Azure中的导入/导出服务创建.bacpac文件。

然后在另一篇Stack Overflow文章中查看此方法。

Azure SQL数据库Bacpac本地恢复

有多种方法可以做到这一点:

Using SSIS (SQL Server Integration Services). It only imports data in your table. Column properties, constraints, keys, indices, stored procedures, triggers, security settings, users, logons, etc. are not transferred. However it is very simple process and can be done simply by going through wizard in SQL Server Management Studio. Using combination of SSIS and DB creation scripts. This will get you data and all missing metadata that is not transferred by SSIS. This is also very simple. First transfer data using SSIS (see instructions below), then create DB Create script from SQL Azure database, and re-play it on your local database. Finally, you can use Import/Export service in SQL Azure. This transfers data (with a schema objects) to Azure Blob Storage as a BACPAC. You will need an Azure Storage account and do this in Azure web portal. It is as simple as pressing an "Export" button in the Azure web portal when you select the database you want to export. The downside is that it is only manual procedure, I don't know a way to automate this through tools or scripts -- at least the first part that requires a click on the web page.

方法1(使用SSIS)的手动步骤如下:

In Sql Server Management Studio (SSMS) create new empty database on your local SQL instance. Choose Import Data from context menu (right click the database -> Tasks -> Import data...) Type in connection parameters for the source (SQL Azure). Select ".Net Framework Data Provider for SqlServer" as a provider. Choose existing empty local database as destination. Follow the wizard -- you will be able to select tables data you want to copy. You can choose to skip any of the tables you don't need. E.g. if you keep application logs in database, you probably don't need it in your backup.

您可以通过创建SSIS包并在任何您想重新导入数据的时候重新执行它来实现自动化。请注意，您只能使用SSIS导入到一个干净的DB中，如果您已经对本地数据库进行了一次增量更新，则不能再对其进行增量更新。

方法#2 (SSID数据加上模式对象)非常简单。首先执行上述步骤，然后创建数据库创建脚本(右键单击SSMS中的数据库，选择生成脚本->数据库创建)。然后在本地数据库上重新播放此脚本。

方法3在这里的博客中描述:http://dacguy.wordpress.com/2012/01/24/sql-azure-importexport-service-has-hit-production/。有一个视频剪辑，讲述了将DB内容作为BACPAC传输到Azure Blob存储的过程。之后，您可以在本地复制该文件并将其导入SQL实例。将BACPAC导入到Data-Tier应用程序的流程介绍如下:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh710052.aspx。

您也可以在Windows Azure管理门户中检查SQL Azure数据同步。它允许您检索和恢复整个数据库，包括SQL Azure和SQL Server之间的模式和数据。

我无法让SSIS导入/导出工作，因为我得到了错误“插入只读列“id”失败”。我也不能让http://sqlazuremw.codeplex.com/工作，上面的链接到SQL Azure数据同步不适合我。

但我发现了一篇关于BACPAC文件的优秀博客文章:http://dacguy.wordpress.com/2012/01/24/sql-azure-importexport-service-has-hit-production/

在这篇博文的视频中，作者介绍了六个步骤:

Make or go to a storage account in the Azure Management Portal. You'll need the Blob URL and the Primary access key of the storage account. The blog post advises making a new container for the bacpac file and suggests using the Azure Storage Explorer for that. (N.B. you'll need the Blob URL and the Primary access key of the storage account to add it to the Azure Storage Explorer.) In the Azure Management Portal select the database you want to export and click 'Export' in the Import and Export section of the ribbon. The resulting dialogue requires your username and password for the database, the blob URL, and the access key. Don't forget to include the container in the blob URL and to include a filename (e.g. https://testazurestorage.blob.core.windows.net/dbbackups/mytable.bacpac). After you click Finish the database will be exported to the BACPAC file. This can take a while. You may see a zero byte file show up immediately if you check in the Azure Storage Explorer. This is the Import / Export Service checking that it has write access to the blob-store. Once that is done you can use the Azure Storage Explorer to download the BACPAC file and then in the SQL Server Management Studio right-click your local server's database folder and choose Import Data Tier Application that will start the wizard which reads in the BACPAC file to produce the copy of your Azure database. The wizard can also connect directly to the blob-store to obtain the BACPAC file if you would rather not copy it locally first.

最后一步可能只能在SQL Server Management Studio的SQL Server 2012版(我正在运行的版本)中使用。这台机器上没有更早的。在博客文章中，作者使用命令行工具DacImportExportCli.exe进行导入，我相信可以在http://sqldacexamples.codeplex.com/releases上找到

嗨，我正在使用SQLAzureMW工具进行SQLAzure DB迁移和管理。非常有用。它是从codeplex下载的，但目前它不可用，codeplex将会关闭，相同的应用程序工具现在在GttHub中可用。下面的链接解释了如何使用这个工具，也可以下载应用程序。

https://github.com/twright-msft/azure-content/blob/master/articles/sql-database/sql-database-migration-wizard.md