您可以使用pydoc中的importfile

from pydoc import importfile
module = importfile('/full/path/to/module/module.py')
name = module.myclass() # myclass is a class inside your python file

这里有一种加载文件的方法，类似于C等。

from importlib.machinery import SourceFileLoader
import os

def LOAD(MODULE_PATH):
    if (MODULE_PATH[0] == "/"):
        FULL_PATH = MODULE_PATH;
    else:
        DIR_PATH = os.path.dirname (os.path.realpath (__file__))
        FULL_PATH = os.path.normpath (DIR_PATH + "/" + MODULE_PATH)

    return SourceFileLoader (FULL_PATH, FULL_PATH).load_module ()

在以下情况下实施：

Y = LOAD("../Z.py")
A = LOAD("./A.py")
D = LOAD("./C/D.py")
A_ = LOAD("/IMPORTS/A.py")

Y.DEF();
A.DEF();
D.DEF();
A_.DEF();

其中每个文件如下所示：

def DEF():
    print("A");

我发现这是一个简单的答案：

module = dict()

code = """
import json

def testhi() :
    return json.dumps({"key" : "value"}, indent = 4 )
"""

exec(code, module)
x = module['testhi']()
print(x)

我认为，最好的方法是从官方文件（29.1。imp-访问导入内部构件）：

import imp
import sys

def __import__(name, globals=None, locals=None, fromlist=None):
    # Fast path: see if the module has already been imported.
    try:
        return sys.modules[name]
    except KeyError:
        pass

    # If any of the following calls raises an exception,
    # there's a problem we can't handle -- let the caller handle it.

    fp, pathname, description = imp.find_module(name)

    try:
        return imp.load_module(name, fp, pathname, description)
    finally:
        # Since we may exit via an exception, close fp explicitly.
        if fp:
            fp.close()

特殊的是使用Exec（）导入具有绝对路径的模块：（exec采用代码字符串或代码对象。而eval采用表达式。）

PYMODULE = 'C:\maXbox\mX47464\maxbox4\examples\histogram15.py';
Execstring(LoadStringJ(PYMODULE));

然后使用eval（）获取值或对象：

println('get module data: '+evalStr('pyplot.hist(x)'));

使用exec加载模块就像使用通配符命名空间导入：

Execstring('sys.path.append(r'+'"'+PYMODULEPATH+'")');
Execstring('from histogram import *'); 

在运行时导入包模块（Python配方）

http://code.activestate.com/recipes/223972/

###################
##                #
## classloader.py #
##                #
###################

import sys, types

def _get_mod(modulePath):
    try:
        aMod = sys.modules[modulePath]
        if not isinstance(aMod, types.ModuleType):
            raise KeyError
    except KeyError:
        # The last [''] is very important!
        aMod = __import__(modulePath, globals(), locals(), [''])
        sys.modules[modulePath] = aMod
    return aMod

def _get_func(fullFuncName):
    """Retrieve a function object from a full dotted-package name."""

    # Parse out the path, module, and function
    lastDot = fullFuncName.rfind(u".")
    funcName = fullFuncName[lastDot + 1:]
    modPath = fullFuncName[:lastDot]

    aMod = _get_mod(modPath)
    aFunc = getattr(aMod, funcName)

    # Assert that the function is a *callable* attribute.
    assert callable(aFunc), u"%s is not callable." % fullFuncName

    # Return a reference to the function itself,
    # not the results of the function.
    return aFunc

def _get_class(fullClassName, parentClass=None):
    """Load a module and retrieve a class (NOT an instance).

    If the parentClass is supplied, className must be of parentClass
    or a subclass of parentClass (or None is returned).
    """
    aClass = _get_func(fullClassName)

    # Assert that the class is a subclass of parentClass.
    if parentClass is not None:
        if not issubclass(aClass, parentClass):
            raise TypeError(u"%s is not a subclass of %s" %
                            (fullClassName, parentClass))

    # Return a reference to the class itself, not an instantiated object.
    return aClass


######################
##       Usage      ##
######################

class StorageManager: pass
class StorageManagerMySQL(StorageManager): pass

def storage_object(aFullClassName, allOptions={}):
    aStoreClass = _get_class(aFullClassName, StorageManager)
    return aStoreClass(allOptions)