我给你做了一个用小鬼的包裹。我称之为import_file，它的用法如下：

>>>from import_file import import_file
>>>mylib = import_file('c:\\mylib.py')
>>>another = import_file('relative_subdir/another.py')

您可以通过以下方式获取：

http://pypi.python.org/pypi/import_file

或在

http://code.google.com/p/import-file/

下面是一些适用于所有Python版本的代码，从2.7-3.5到其他版本。

config_file = "/tmp/config.py"
with open(config_file) as f:
    code = compile(f.read(), config_file, 'exec')
    exec(code, globals(), locals())

我测试了它。它可能很难看，但到目前为止，它是唯一一个适用于所有版本的。

在Linux中，可以在Python脚本所在的目录中添加符号链接。

即。：

ln -s /absolute/path/to/module/module.py /absolute/path/to/script/module.py

Python解释器将创建/aabsolute/path/to/script/module.pyc，如果您更改/aabsolute/path/to-module/module.py的内容，Python解释器将对其进行更新。

然后在文件mypythonscript.py中包含以下内容：

from module import *

我认为，最好的方法是从官方文件（29.1。imp-访问导入内部构件）：

import imp
import sys

def __import__(name, globals=None, locals=None, fromlist=None):
    # Fast path: see if the module has already been imported.
    try:
        return sys.modules[name]
    except KeyError:
        pass

    # If any of the following calls raises an exception,
    # there's a problem we can't handle -- let the caller handle it.

    fp, pathname, description = imp.find_module(name)

    try:
        return imp.load_module(name, fp, pathname, description)
    finally:
        # Since we may exit via an exception, close fp explicitly.
        if fp:
            fp.close()

在运行时导入包模块（Python配方）

http://code.activestate.com/recipes/223972/

###################
##                #
## classloader.py #
##                #
###################

import sys, types

def _get_mod(modulePath):
    try:
        aMod = sys.modules[modulePath]
        if not isinstance(aMod, types.ModuleType):
            raise KeyError
    except KeyError:
        # The last [''] is very important!
        aMod = __import__(modulePath, globals(), locals(), [''])
        sys.modules[modulePath] = aMod
    return aMod

def _get_func(fullFuncName):
    """Retrieve a function object from a full dotted-package name."""

    # Parse out the path, module, and function
    lastDot = fullFuncName.rfind(u".")
    funcName = fullFuncName[lastDot + 1:]
    modPath = fullFuncName[:lastDot]

    aMod = _get_mod(modPath)
    aFunc = getattr(aMod, funcName)

    # Assert that the function is a *callable* attribute.
    assert callable(aFunc), u"%s is not callable." % fullFuncName

    # Return a reference to the function itself,
    # not the results of the function.
    return aFunc

def _get_class(fullClassName, parentClass=None):
    """Load a module and retrieve a class (NOT an instance).

    If the parentClass is supplied, className must be of parentClass
    or a subclass of parentClass (or None is returned).
    """
    aClass = _get_func(fullClassName)

    # Assert that the class is a subclass of parentClass.
    if parentClass is not None:
        if not issubclass(aClass, parentClass):
            raise TypeError(u"%s is not a subclass of %s" %
                            (fullClassName, parentClass))

    # Return a reference to the class itself, not an instantiated object.
    return aClass


######################
##       Usage      ##
######################

class StorageManager: pass
class StorageManagerMySQL(StorageManager): pass

def storage_object(aFullClassName, allOptions={}):
    aStoreClass = _get_class(aFullClassName, StorageManager)
    return aStoreClass(allOptions)

这是我的两个仅使用pathlib的实用程序函数。它从路径推断模块名称。

默认情况下，它从文件夹中递归加载所有Python文件，并用父文件夹名替换init.py。但您也可以提供路径和/或glob来选择某些特定文件。

from pathlib import Path
from importlib.util import spec_from_file_location, module_from_spec
from typing import Optional


def get_module_from_path(path: Path, relative_to: Optional[Path] = None):
    if not relative_to:
        relative_to = Path.cwd()

    abs_path = path.absolute()
    relative_path = abs_path.relative_to(relative_to.absolute())
    if relative_path.name == "__init__.py":
        relative_path = relative_path.parent
    module_name = ".".join(relative_path.with_suffix("").parts)
    mod = module_from_spec(spec_from_file_location(module_name, path))
    return mod


def get_modules_from_folder(folder: Optional[Path] = None, glob_str: str = "*/**/*.py"):
    if not folder:
        folder = Path(".")

    mod_list = []
    for file_path in sorted(folder.glob(glob_str)):
        mod_list.append(get_module_from_path(file_path))

    return mod_list