understanding the context of SDLC will help understand the difference between snapshot and the release. During the dev process developers all contribute their features to a baseline branch. At some point the lead thinks enough features have accumulated then he will cut a release branch from the baseline branch. Any builds prior to this time point are snapshots. Builds post to this point are releases. Be noted, release builds could change too before going to production if any defect spot during the release testing.

understanding the context of SDLC will help understand the difference between snapshot and the release. During the dev process developers all contribute their features to a baseline branch. At some point the lead thinks enough features have accumulated then he will cut a release branch from the baseline branch. Any builds prior to this time point are snapshots. Builds post to this point are releases. Be noted, release builds could change too before going to production if any defect spot during the release testing.

顾名思义，快照指的是项目的状态及其在那个时刻的依赖关系。每当maven找到一个较新的项目SNAPSHOT时，它就下载并替换本地存储库中较旧的项目.jar文件。

快照版本用于正在进行开发的项目。如果您的项目依赖于正在积极开发的软件组件，那么您可以依赖于快照发布，并且当您运行构建时，Maven将定期尝试从存储库下载最新的快照。

其他三个答案让您对-SNAPSHOT版本有了一个很好的了解。我只是想添加一些关于Maven在发现SNAPSHOT依赖项时的行为的信息。

在构建应用程序时，Maven将在本地存储库中搜索依赖项。如果在那里没有找到稳定版本，它将搜索远程存储库(在settings.xml或pom.xml中定义)以检索此依赖项。然后，它将把它复制到本地存储库中，使其可用于下一个构建。

例如，foo-1.0.jar库被认为是一个稳定版本，如果Maven在本地存储库中找到它，它将在当前构建中使用这个库。

Now, if you need a foo-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar library, Maven will know that this version is not stable and is subject to changes. That's why Maven will try to find a newer version in the remote repositories, even if a version of this library is found on the local repository. However, this check is made only once per day. That means that if you have a foo-1.0-20110506.110000-1.jar (i.e. this library has been generated on 2011/05/06 at 11:00:00) in your local repository, and if you run the Maven build again the same day, Maven will not check the repositories for a newer version.

Maven为您提供了一种在存储库定义中更改此更新策略的方法:

<repository>
    <id>foo-repository</id>
    <url>...</url>
    <snapshots>
        <enabled>true</enabled>
        <updatePolicy>XXX</updatePolicy>
    </snapshots>
</repository>

其中XXX可以是:

always: Maven将在每次构建时检查更新的版本; 每日，默认值; interval:XXX:单位为分钟的间隔(XXX)。 never: Maven永远不会尝试检索其他版本。它只在本地不存在时才会这样做。通过配置，SNAPSHOT版本将作为稳定库处理。

(settings.xml的模型可以在这里找到)

“发行版”是一个没有更改的版本的最终版本。

“快照”是一个可以被具有相同名称的另一个构建所替换的构建。这意味着构建可以在任何时候更改，并且仍然处于积极的开发中。

对于基于相同代码的不同构建，您有不同的工件。例如，你可能有一个调试和一个没有。一个用于Java 5.0，一个用于Java 6。一般来说，一个版本能满足你所有的需求会更简单。；）

通常在maven中，我们有两种类型的构建 1)建立快照 2)制定版本发布

快照构建:快照是特殊版本，它指示当前部署副本，不像常规版本，maven检查远程存储库中的每个构建的版本 因此快照构建只是开发构建。 发布版本:发布意味着在版本中删除快照，这些是常规的构建版本。