understanding the context of SDLC will help understand the difference between snapshot and the release. During the dev process developers all contribute their features to a baseline branch. At some point the lead thinks enough features have accumulated then he will cut a release branch from the baseline branch. Any builds prior to this time point are snapshots. Builds post to this point are releases. Be noted, release builds could change too before going to production if any defect spot during the release testing.

understanding the context of SDLC will help understand the difference between snapshot and the release. During the dev process developers all contribute their features to a baseline branch. At some point the lead thinks enough features have accumulated then he will cut a release branch from the baseline branch. Any builds prior to this time point are snapshots. Builds post to this point are releases. Be noted, release builds could change too before going to production if any defect spot during the release testing.

我想谈谈术语。其他答案很好地解释了什么是Maven上下文中的“快照”版本。但是，非快照版本是否应该被称为“发布”版本呢?

在“发布”版本的语义版本控制思想之间存在一些紧张关系，“发布”版本似乎是任何没有-SNAPSHOT这样的限定符，但也没有-beta.4这样的限定符的版本;以及Maven的“发布”版本的想法，它似乎只包括没有-SNAPSHOT。

In other words, there is a semantic ambiguity of whether "release" means "we can release it to Maven Central" or "the software is in its final release to the public". We could consider -beta.4 to be a "release" version if we release it to the public, but it's not a "final release". Semantic versioning clearly says that something like -beta.4 is a "pre-release" version, so it wouldn't make sense for it to be called a "release" version, even without -SNAPSHOT. In fact by definition even -rc.5 is a release candidate, not an actual release, even though we may allow public access for testing.

因此，尽管Maven如此，在我看来，只将“发布”版本称为根本没有任何限定符(甚至没有-beta.4)的版本似乎更合适。对于Maven非快照版本来说，更好的名称可能是“稳定”版本(灵感来自另一个答案)。这样我们就有:

1.2.3-beta。4-SNAPSHOT:预发布版本的快照版本。 1.2.3-SNAPSHOT:发布版本的快照版本。 1.2.3-beta。4:预发布版本的稳定版本。 1.2.3:发布版本(显然是一个稳定的非快照版本)。

“发行版”是一个没有更改的版本的最终版本。

“快照”是一个可以被具有相同名称的另一个构建所替换的构建。这意味着构建可以在任何时候更改，并且仍然处于积极的开发中。

对于基于相同代码的不同构建，您有不同的工件。例如，你可能有一个调试和一个没有。一个用于Java 5.0，一个用于Java 6。一般来说，一个版本能满足你所有的需求会更简单。；）

通常在maven中，我们有两种类型的构建 1)建立快照 2)制定版本发布

快照构建:快照是特殊版本，它指示当前部署副本，不像常规版本，maven检查远程存储库中的每个构建的版本 因此快照构建只是开发构建。 发布版本:发布意味着在版本中删除快照，这些是常规的构建版本。

A Maven SNAPSHOT is an artifact created by a Maven build and pretends to help developers in the software development cycle. A SNAPSHOT is an artifact (or project build result ) that is not pretended to be used anywhere, it's only a temporarily .jar, ear, ... created to test the build process or to test new requirements that are not yet ready to go to a production environment. After you are happy with the SNAPSHOT artifact quality, you can create a RELEASE artifact that can be used by other projects or can be deployed itself.

在你的项目中，你可以使用Maven的pom.xml文件中的version元素定义一个SNAPSHOT:

<groupId>example.project.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>MavenEclipseExample</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<description>Maven pom example</description>

如果你想更好地理解Maven，你也可以看看这些文章:

https://connected2know.com/programming/menu-maven-articles/