由于Java泛型的实现，你不能有这样的代码:
public class GenSet<E> {
private E a[];
public GenSet() {
a = new E[INITIAL_ARRAY_LENGTH]; // error: generic array creation
}
}
如何在保持类型安全的同时实现这一点?
我在Java论坛上看到一个解决方案是这样的:
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
class Stack<T> {
public Stack(Class<T> clazz, int capacity) {
array = (T[])Array.newInstance(clazz, capacity);
}
private final T[] array;
}
但我真的不明白这是怎么回事。
当前回答
你可以使用一个类型转换:
public class GenSet<Item> {
private Item[] a;
public GenSet(int s) {
a = (Item[]) new Object[s];
}
}
其他回答
您可以创建一个Object数组，并在所有位置将其强制转换为E。是的，这不是很干净的方法，但至少应该是可行的。
您不需要将Class参数传递给构造函数。 试试这个。
public class GenSet<T> {
private final T[] array;
@SafeVarargs
public GenSet(int capacity, T... dummy) {
if (dummy.length > 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"Do not provide values for dummy argument.");
this.array = Arrays.copyOf(dummy, capacity);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "GenSet of " + array.getClass().getComponentType().getName()
+ "[" + array.length + "]";
}
}
and
GenSet<Integer> intSet = new GenSet<>(3);
System.out.println(intSet);
System.out.println(new GenSet<String>(2));
结果:
GenSet of java.lang.Integer[3]
GenSet of java.lang.String[2]
再看看这段代码:
public static <T> T[] toArray(final List<T> obj) {
if (obj == null || obj.isEmpty()) {
return null;
}
final T t = obj.get(0);
final T[] res = (T[]) Array.newInstance(t.getClass(), obj.size());
for (int i = 0; i < obj.size(); i++) {
res[i] = obj.get(i);
}
return res;
}
它将任何类型的对象的列表转换为相同类型的数组。
我必须反过来问一个问题:你的发电机组是“检查”还是“未检查”? 这是什么意思?
Checked: strong typing. GenSet knows explicitly what type of objects it contains (i.e. its constructor was explicitly called with a Class<E> argument, and methods will throw an exception when they are passed arguments that are not of type E. See Collections.checkedCollection. -> in that case, you should write: public class GenSet<E> { private E[] a; public GenSet(Class<E> c, int s) { // Use Array native method to create array // of a type only known at run time @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") final E[] a = (E[]) Array.newInstance(c, s); this.a = a; } E get(int i) { return a[i]; } } Unchecked: weak typing. No type checking is actually done on any of the objects passed as argument. -> in that case, you should write public class GenSet<E> { private Object[] a; public GenSet(int s) { a = new Object[s]; } E get(int i) { @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") final E e = (E) a[i]; return e; } } Note that the component type of the array should be the erasure of the type parameter: public class GenSet<E extends Foo> { // E has an upper bound of Foo private Foo[] a; // E erases to Foo, so use Foo[] public GenSet(int s) { a = new Foo[s]; } ... }
所有这些都是由于Java中泛型的一个已知且刻意的弱点:它是使用擦除来实现的，因此“泛型”类不知道它们在运行时是用什么类型参数创建的，因此不能提供类型安全，除非实现了一些显式机制(类型检查)。
传递一个值列表…
public <T> T[] array(T... values) {
return values;
}
