我需要在JavaScript开关语句的多个情况下,类似于:

switch (varName)
{
   case "afshin", "saeed", "larry":
       alert('Hey');
       break;

   default:
       alert('Default case');
       break;
}

我该怎么做呢?如果在JavaScript中没有办法做这样的事情,我想知道一个也遵循DRY概念的替代解决方案。


当前回答

下面是完全避免switch语句的不同方法:

var cases = {
  afshin: function() { alert('hey'); },
  _default: function() { alert('default'); }
};
cases.larry = cases.saeed = cases.afshin;

cases[ varName ] ? cases[ varName ]() : cases._default();

其他回答

上述方法的问题在于,每次调用具有开关的函数时,都必须重复上述几种情况。更可靠的解决方案是使用地图或字典。

这里有一个例子:

// The Map, divided by concepts var dictionary = { timePeriod: { 'month': [1, 'monthly', 'mensal', 'mês'], 'twoMonths': [2, 'two months', '2 months', 'bimestral', 'bimestre'], 'trimester': [3, 'trimesterly', 'quarterly', 'trimestral'], 'semester': [4, 'semesterly', 'semestral', 'halfyearly'], 'year': [5, 'yearly', 'annual', 'ano'] }, distance: { 'km': [1, 'kms', 'kilometre', 'kilometers', 'kilometres'], 'mile': [2, 'mi', 'miles'], 'nordicMile': [3, 'Nordic mile', 'mil (10 km)', 'Scandinavian mile'] }, fuelAmount: { 'ltr': [1, 'l', 'litre', 'Litre', 'liter', 'Liter'], 'gal (imp)': [2, 'imp gallon', 'imperial gal', 'gal (UK)'], 'gal (US)': [3, 'US gallon', 'US gal'], 'kWh': [4, 'KWH'] } }; // This function maps every input to a certain defined value function mapUnit (concept, value) { for (var key in dictionary[concept]) { if (key === value || dictionary[concept][key].indexOf(value) !== -1) { return key } } throw Error('Uknown "'+value+'" for "'+concept+'"') } // You would use it simply like this mapUnit("fuelAmount", "ltr") // => ltr mapUnit("fuelAmount", "US gal") // => gal (US) mapUnit("fuelAmount", 3) // => gal (US) mapUnit("distance", "kilometre") // => km // Now you can use the switch statement safely without the need // to repeat the combinations every time you call the switch var foo = 'monthly' switch (mapUnit ('timePeriod', foo)) { case 'month': console.log('month') break case 'twoMonths': console.log('twoMonths') break case 'trimester': console.log('trimester') break case 'semester': console.log('semester') break case 'year': console.log('year') break default: throw Error('error') }

添加并澄清Stefano的答案,您可以使用表达式动态地设置switch中的条件值,例如:

var i = 3
switch (i) {
    case ((i>=0 && i<=5) ? i : -1):
        console.log('0-5');
        break;

    case 6: console.log('6');
}

在你的问题中,你可以这样做:

var varName = "afshin"
switch (varName) {
    case (["afshin", "saeed", "larry"].indexOf(varName)+1 && varName):
      console.log("hey");
      break;

    default:
      console.log('Default case');
}

虽然很干…

下面是完全避免switch语句的不同方法:

var cases = {
  afshin: function() { alert('hey'); },
  _default: function() { alert('default'); }
};
cases.larry = cases.saeed = cases.afshin;

cases[ varName ] ? cases[ varName ]() : cases._default();

如果您的case条件很复杂,需要很多case值匹配,或者需要动态值匹配,那么最好将case匹配逻辑移动到处理程序子函数中。

在您的情况下,如果您有成千上万的用户名来匹配安全权限检查,这种方法是更清晰的选项,更可扩展,可以暴露高级多路分支逻辑,而不会陷入一长串case语句中。


    switch (varName)
    {     
      case checkPatternAdministrator(varName):
        alert('Hey');
        break;

      case checkPatternUserTypeA(varName):
        alert('Hey2');
        break;

      case checkPatternUserTypeB(varName):
        alert('Hey3');
        break;

      default:
        alert('Default case');
        break;
    }
 function checkPatternAdministrator(varName) {
    // Logic to check Names against list, account permissions etc.
    // return the varName if a match is found, or blank string if not
    var matchedAdministratorName = varName;

    return matchedAdministratorName;
  }

对我来说,这是最简单的方法:

switch (["afshin","saeed","larry"].includes(varName) ? 1 : 2) {
   case 1:
       alert('Hey');
       break;

   default:
       alert('Default case');
       break;
}