将Throwable.getStackTrace()的结果转换为描述堆栈跟踪的字符串最简单的方法是什么?


当前回答

警告:不包括原因(通常是有用的位!)

public String stackTraceToString(Throwable e) {
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    for (StackTraceElement element : e.getStackTrace()) {
        sb.append(element.toString());
        sb.append("\n");
    }
    return sb.toString();
}

其他回答

如果你不想使用外部库,而且你不是为Android开发的,你可以创建这样的“扩展”方法:

public static String getStackTraceString(Throwable e) {
    return getStackTraceString(e, "");
}

private static String getStackTraceString(Throwable e, String indent) {
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    sb.append(e.toString());
    sb.append("\n");

    StackTraceElement[] stack = e.getStackTrace();
    if (stack != null) {
        for (StackTraceElement stackTraceElement : stack) {
            sb.append(indent);
            sb.append("\tat ");
            sb.append(stackTraceElement.toString());
            sb.append("\n");
        }
    }

    Throwable[] suppressedExceptions = e.getSuppressed();
    // Print suppressed exceptions indented one level deeper.
    if (suppressedExceptions != null) {
        for (Throwable throwable : suppressedExceptions) {
            sb.append(indent);
            sb.append("\tSuppressed: ");
            sb.append(getStackTraceString(throwable, indent + "\t"));
        }
    }

    Throwable cause = e.getCause();
    if (cause != null) {
        sb.append(indent);
        sb.append("Caused by: ");
        sb.append(getStackTraceString(cause, indent));
    }

    return sb.toString();
}

可以使用以下方法将异常堆栈跟踪转换为字符串。该类在Apache commons-lang中可用,这是许多流行开源中最常见的依赖库

org.apache.commons.lang.exception.ExceptionUtils.getStackTrace(可丢弃)

老问题,但我想补充一个特殊情况,即您不想打印所有堆栈,通过删除一些您实际上不感兴趣的部分,排除某些类或包。

使用SelectivePrintWriter代替PrintWriter:

// This filters out this package and up.
String packageNameToFilter = "org.springframework";

StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
PrintWriter pw = new SelectivePrintWriter(sw, packageNameToFilter);
e.printStackTrace(pw);
String sStackTrace = sw.toString(); 
System.out.println(sStackTrace);

其中SelectivePrintWriter类由以下给出:

public class SelectivePrintWriter extends PrintWriter {
    private boolean on = true;
    private static final String AT = "\tat";
    private String internal;

    public SelectivePrintWriter(Writer out, String packageOrClassName) {
        super(out);
        internal = "\tat " + packageOrClassName;
    }

    public void println(Object obj) {
        if (obj instanceof String) {
            String txt = (String) obj;
            if (!txt.startsWith(AT)) on = true;
            else if (txt.startsWith(internal)) on = false;
            if (on) super.println(txt);
        } else {
            super.println(obj);
        }
    }
}

请注意,这个类可能很容易被Regex、contains或其他条件过滤掉。还要注意,这取决于可丢弃的实现细节(不太可能改变,但仍然如此)。

如果你是为Android开发的,一个更简单的方法是使用这个:

import android.util.Log;

String stackTrace = Log.getStackTraceString(exception); 

格式与getStacktrace相同,例如。

09-24 16:09:07.042:I/System.out(4844):java.lang.NullPointerException09-24 16:09:07.042:I/System.out(4844):在com.temp.ttscancel.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:43)09-24 16:09:07.042:I/System.out(4844):在android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5248)09-24 16:09:07.043:I/System.out(4844):在android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1110)09-24 16:09:07.043:I/System.out(4844):在android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2162)09-24 16:09:07.043:I/System.out(4844):在android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2257)09-24 16:09:07.043:I/System.out(4844):在android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:139)09-24 16:09:07.043:I/System.out(4844):在android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1210)09-24 16:09:07.043:I/System.out(4844):在android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)09-24 16:09:07.043:I/System.out(4844):在android.os.Looper.lop(Looper.java:136)09-24 16:09:07.044:I/System.out(4844):在android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5097)09-24 16:09:07.044:I/System.out(4844):在java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(本机方法)09-24 16:09:07.044:I/System.out(4844):在java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:515)09-24 16:09:07.044:I/System.out(4844):在com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:785)09-24 16:09:07.044:I/System.out(4844):在com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:601)

以下代码允许您使用字符串格式获取整个stackTrace,而无需使用log4J或java.util.Logger等API:

catch (Exception e) {
    StackTraceElement[] stack = e.getStackTrace();
    String exception = "";
    for (StackTraceElement s : stack) {
        exception = exception + s.toString() + "\n\t\t";
    }
    System.out.println(exception);
    // then you can send the exception string to a external file.
}