如何使用JavaScript安全地编码URL,以便将其放入GET字符串中?
var myUrl = "http://example.com/index.html?param=1&anotherParam=2";
var myOtherUrl = "http://example.com/index.html?url=" + myUrl;
我假设您需要在第二行编码myUrl变量?
如何使用JavaScript安全地编码URL,以便将其放入GET字符串中?
var myUrl = "http://example.com/index.html?param=1&anotherParam=2";
var myOtherUrl = "http://example.com/index.html?url=" + myUrl;
我假设您需要在第二行编码myUrl变量?
当前回答
为了防止双重编码,最好在编码之前解码URL(例如,如果您处理的是用户输入的URL,可能已经编码)。
假设我们有abc%20xyz 123作为输入(一个空格已编码):
encodeURI("abc%20xyz 123") // Wrong: "abc%2520xyz%20123"
encodeURI(decodeURI("abc%20xyz 123")) // Correct: "abc%20xyz%20123"
其他回答
查看内置函数encodeURIComponent(str)和encodeURI(str)。在您的情况下,这应该有效:
var myOtherUrl =
"http://example.com/index.html?url=" + encodeURIComponent(myUrl);
您可以使用ESAPI库并使用以下函数对URL进行编码。该函数确保在对其余文本内容进行编码时,“/”不会因编码而丢失:
function encodeUrl(url)
{
String arr[] = url.split("/");
String encodedUrl = "";
for(int i = 0; i<arr.length; i++)
{
encodedUrl = encodedUrl + ESAPI.encoder().encodeForHTML(ESAPI.encoder().encodeForURL(arr[i]));
if(i<arr.length-1) encodedUrl = encodedUrl + "/";
}
return url;
}
我认为在2022年,为了真正安全,您应该始终考虑使用URL()接口构建URL。它将为您完成大部分工作。所以,说到你的代码,
常量baseURL='http://example.com/index.html';const myUrl=新URL(baseURL);myUrl.searchParams.append(“参数”,“1”);myUrl.searchParams.append(“otherParam”,“2”);const myOtherUrl=新URL(baseURL);myOtherUrl.searchParams.append('url',myUrl.href);console.log(myUrl.href);//输出:http://example.com/index.html?param=1&anotherParam=2console.log(myOtherUrl.href);//输出:http://example.com/index.html?url=http%3A%2F%2Fexample.com%2Findex.html%3Fparam%3D1%26anotherParam%3D2console.log(myOtherUrl.searchParams.get('url'));//输出:http://example.com/index.html?param=1&anotherParam=2
或
const params = new URLSearchParams(myOtherUrl.search);
console.log(params.get('url'));
// Outputs: http://example.com/index.html?param=1&anotherParam=2
像这样的东西肯定不会失败。
这里是encodeURIComponent()和decodeURIComponent()JavaScript内置函数的现场演示:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
textarea{
width: 30%;
height: 100px;
}
</style>
<script>
// Encode string to Base64
function encode()
{
var txt = document.getElementById("txt1").value;
var result = btoa(txt);
document.getElementById("txt2").value = result;
}
// Decode Base64 back to original string
function decode()
{
var txt = document.getElementById("txt3").value;
var result = atob(txt);
document.getElementById("txt4").value = result;
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<textarea id="txt1">Some text to decode
</textarea>
</div>
<div>
<input type="button" id="btnencode" value="Encode" onClick="encode()"/>
</div>
<div>
<textarea id="txt2">
</textarea>
</div>
<br/>
<div>
<textarea id="txt3">U29tZSB0ZXh0IHRvIGRlY29kZQ==
</textarea>
</div>
<div>
<input type="button" id="btndecode" value="Decode" onClick="decode()"/>
</div>
<div>
<textarea id="txt4">
</textarea>
</div>
</body>
</html>
编码URL字符串
var url = $(location).attr('href'); // Get the current URL
// Or
var url = 'folder/index.html?param=#23dd&noob=yes'; // Or specify one
var encodedUrl = encodeURIComponent(url);
console.log(encodedUrl);
// Outputs folder%2Findex.html%3Fparam%3D%2323dd%26noob%3Dyes
有关详细信息,请转到jQuery编码/解码URL字符串。