Lambda表达式是表示匿名方法的一种简洁方式。匿名方法和Lambda表达式都允许您内联定义方法实现，但是，匿名方法显式地要求您定义方法的参数类型和返回类型。Lambda表达式使用c# 3.0的类型推断特性，该特性允许编译器根据上下文推断变量的类型。这是非常方便的，因为这节省了我们大量的输入!

Microsoft has given us a cleaner, more convenient way of creating anonymous delegates called Lambda expressions. However, there is not a lot of attention being paid to the expressions portion of this statement. Microsoft released a entire namespace, System.Linq.Expressions, which contains classes to create expression trees based on lambda expressions. Expression trees are made up of objects that represent logic. For example, x = y + z is an expression that might be part of an expression tree in .Net. Consider the following (simple) example:

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Expressions;


namespace ExpressionTreeThingy
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Expression<Func<int, int>> expr = (x) => x + 1; //this is not a delegate, but an object
            var del = expr.Compile(); //compiles the object to a CLR delegate, at runtime
            Console.WriteLine(del(5)); //we are just invoking a delegate at this point
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}

This example is trivial. And I am sure you are thinking, "This is useless as I could have directly created the delegate instead of creating an expression and compiling it at runtime". And you would be right. But this provides the foundation for expression trees. There are a number of expressions available in the Expressions namespaces, and you can build your own. I think you can see that this might be useful when you don't know exactly what the algorithm should be at design or compile time. I saw an example somewhere for using this to write a scientific calculator. You could also use it for Bayesian systems, or for genetic programming (AI). A few times in my career I have had to write Excel-like functionality that allowed users to enter simple expressions (addition, subtrations, etc) to operate on available data. In pre-.Net 3.5 I have had to resort to some scripting language external to C#, or had to use the code-emitting functionality in reflection to create .Net code on the fly. Now I would use expression trees.

Lambda清理了c# 2.0的匿名委托语法…例如

Strings.Find(s => s == "hello");

在c# 2.0中是这样完成的:

Strings.Find(delegate(String s) { return s == "hello"; });

在功能上，它们做的是完全相同的事情，只是语法更简洁。

这可能是关于为什么使用lambda表达式的最好解释-> https://youtu.be/j9nj5dTo54Q

总之，这是为了提高代码的可读性，通过重用而不是复制代码来减少错误的机会，并利用发生在幕后的优化。

lambda表达式就像代替委托实例编写的匿名方法。

delegate int MyDelagate (int i);
MyDelagate delSquareFunction = x => x * x;

考虑lambda表达式x => x * x;

输入参数值为x(在=>的左边) 函数逻辑为x * x(在=>的右侧)

lambda表达式的代码可以是语句块，而不是表达式。

x => {return x * x;};

例子

注意:Func是一个预定义的泛型委托。

    Console.WriteLine(MyMethod(x => "Hi " + x));

    public static string MyMethod(Func<string, string> strategy)
    {
        return strategy("Lijo").ToString();
    }

参考文献

委托和接口如何可以互换使用?

在c#中，我们不能像在JavaScript中那样将函数作为参数传递。解决方法是使用委托。

当我们想参数化行为而不是值时，我们使用委托。Lambdas是编写委托的实用语法，可以很容易地将行为作为函数传递。