我写了一个Python脚本,检查一个特定的电子邮件地址,并将新的电子邮件传递给一个外部程序。如何让这个脚本全天候执行,比如在Linux中将其转换为守护进程或服务。我是否还需要一个在程序中永不结束的循环,或者可以通过多次重新执行代码来完成?


当前回答

要创建一些像service一样运行的东西,你可以使用这个东西:

你必须做的第一件事是安装水泥框架: 水泥框架是一个CLI框架,您可以在其上部署应用程序。

app命令行界面:

interface.py

 from cement.core.foundation import CementApp
 from cement.core.controller import CementBaseController, expose
 from YourApp import yourApp

 class Meta:
    label = 'base'
    description = "your application description"
    arguments = [
        (['-r' , '--run'],
          dict(action='store_true', help='Run your application')),
        (['-v', '--version'],
          dict(action='version', version="Your app version")),
        ]
        (['-s', '--stop'],
          dict(action='store_true', help="Stop your application")),
        ]

    @expose(hide=True)
    def default(self):
        if self.app.pargs.run:
            #Start to running the your app from there !
            YourApp.yourApp()
        if self.app.pargs.stop:
            #Stop your application
            YourApp.yourApp.stop()

 class App(CementApp):
       class Meta:
       label = 'Uptime'
       base_controller = 'base'
       handlers = [MyBaseController]

 with App() as app:
       app.run()

YourApp.py类:

 import threading

 class yourApp:
     def __init__:
        self.loger = log_exception.exception_loger()
        thread = threading.Thread(target=self.start, args=())
        thread.daemon = True
        thread.start()

     def start(self):
        #Do every thing you want
        pass
     def stop(self):
        #Do some things to stop your application

请记住,你的应用程序必须运行在一个线程作为守护进程

要运行应用程序,只需在命令行中这样做

Python interface.py——help

其他回答

cron is clearly a great choice for many purposes. However it doesn't create a service or daemon as you requested in the OP. cron just runs jobs periodically (meaning the job starts and stops), and no more often than once / minute. There are issues with cron -- for example, if a prior instance of your script is still running the next time the cron schedule comes around and launches a new instance, is that OK? cron doesn't handle dependencies; it just tries to start a job when the schedule says to.

如果您发现确实需要一个守护进程(一个永不停止运行的进程),请查看一下监控器。它提供了一种简单的方法来包装普通的、非守护进程化的脚本或程序,并使其像守护进程一样运行。这比创建本地Python守护进程好得多。

要创建一些像service一样运行的东西,你可以使用这个东西:

你必须做的第一件事是安装水泥框架: 水泥框架是一个CLI框架,您可以在其上部署应用程序。

app命令行界面:

interface.py

 from cement.core.foundation import CementApp
 from cement.core.controller import CementBaseController, expose
 from YourApp import yourApp

 class Meta:
    label = 'base'
    description = "your application description"
    arguments = [
        (['-r' , '--run'],
          dict(action='store_true', help='Run your application')),
        (['-v', '--version'],
          dict(action='version', version="Your app version")),
        ]
        (['-s', '--stop'],
          dict(action='store_true', help="Stop your application")),
        ]

    @expose(hide=True)
    def default(self):
        if self.app.pargs.run:
            #Start to running the your app from there !
            YourApp.yourApp()
        if self.app.pargs.stop:
            #Stop your application
            YourApp.yourApp.stop()

 class App(CementApp):
       class Meta:
       label = 'Uptime'
       base_controller = 'base'
       handlers = [MyBaseController]

 with App() as app:
       app.run()

YourApp.py类:

 import threading

 class yourApp:
     def __init__:
        self.loger = log_exception.exception_loger()
        thread = threading.Thread(target=self.start, args=())
        thread.daemon = True
        thread.start()

     def start(self):
        #Do every thing you want
        pass
     def stop(self):
        #Do some things to stop your application

请记住,你的应用程序必须运行在一个线程作为守护进程

要运行应用程序,只需在命令行中这样做

Python interface.py——help

首先,仔细研究邮件别名。邮件别名将在邮件系统内完成此任务,而无需您在守护进程或服务或任何类似的东西上瞎忙活。

您可以编写一个简单的脚本,每次将邮件消息发送到特定邮箱时,sendmail都会执行该脚本。

参见http://www.feep.net/sendmail/tutorial/intro/aliases.html

如果您真的想编写一个不必要的复杂服务器,您可以这样做。

nohup python myscript.py &

这就够了。您的脚本只是循环和休眠。

import time
def do_the_work():
    # one round of polling -- checking email, whatever.
while True:
    time.sleep( 600 ) # 10 min.
    try:
        do_the_work()
    except:
        pass

在linux下使用$nohup命令如何?

我用它在Bluehost服务器上运行命令。

如果我错了,请指教。

我推荐这个解决方案。您需要继承和重写方法运行。

import sys
import os
from signal import SIGTERM
from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod



class Daemon(object):
    __metaclass__ = ABCMeta


    def __init__(self, pidfile):
        self._pidfile = pidfile


    @abstractmethod
    def run(self):
        pass


    def _daemonize(self):
        # decouple threads
        pid = os.fork()

        # stop first thread
        if pid > 0:
            sys.exit(0)

        # write pid into a pidfile
        with open(self._pidfile, 'w') as f:
            print >> f, os.getpid()


    def start(self):
        # if daemon is started throw an error
        if os.path.exists(self._pidfile):
            raise Exception("Daemon is already started")

        # create and switch to daemon thread
        self._daemonize()

        # run the body of the daemon
        self.run()


    def stop(self):
        # check the pidfile existing
        if os.path.exists(self._pidfile):
            # read pid from the file
            with open(self._pidfile, 'r') as f:
                pid = int(f.read().strip())

            # remove the pidfile
            os.remove(self._pidfile)

            # kill daemon
            os.kill(pid, SIGTERM)

        else:
            raise Exception("Daemon is not started")


    def restart(self):
        self.stop()
        self.start()