如果你的控制器方法是用于文件处理，那么ResponseEntity是非常方便的:

@Controller
public class SomeController {
    @RequestMapping.....
    public ResponseEntity handleCall() {
        if (isFound()) {
            return new ResponseEntity(...);
        }
        else {
            return new ResponseEntity(404);
        }
    }
}

重写你的方法签名，使它接受HttpServletResponse作为参数，这样你就可以对它调用setStatus(int)。

http://static.springsource.org/spring/docs/3.0.x/spring-framework-reference/html/mvc.html#mvc-ann-requestmapping-arguments

因为做同一件事至少有十种方法总是好的:

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class Something {
    @RequestMapping("/path")
    public ModelAndView somethingPath() {
        return new ModelAndView("/", HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
    }
}

从Spring 5.0开始，你不需要创建额外的异常:

throw new ResponseStatusException(NOT_FOUND, "Unable to find resource");

此外，你可以用一个内置异常覆盖多个场景，你有更多的控制。

看到更多:

ResponseStatusException (javadoc) https://www.baeldung.com/spring-response-status-exception

从Spring 3.0开始，你还可以抛出一个用@ResponseStatus注释声明的Exception:

@ResponseStatus(value = HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)
public class ResourceNotFoundException extends RuntimeException {
    ...
}

@Controller
public class SomeController {
    @RequestMapping.....
    public void handleCall() {
        if (isFound()) {
            // whatever
        }
        else {
            throw new ResourceNotFoundException(); 
        }
    }
}

如果你想从控制器返回404状态，你只需要这样做

@RequestMapping(value = "/something", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public HttpStatus doSomething(@RequestBody String employeeId) {
    try {
        return HttpStatus.OK;
    } 
    catch (Exception ex) { 
         return HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND;
    }
}

通过这样做，当您想从控制器返回404时，您将收到一个404错误。