修改@ivanperelivskiy的回答:

@property
def _dict(self):
    ret = {}
    for field in self._meta.get_fields():
        if isinstance(field, ForeignObjectRel):
            # foreign objects might not have corresponding objects in the database.
            if hasattr(self, field.get_accessor_name()):
                ret[field.get_accessor_name()] = getattr(self, field.get_accessor_name())
            else:
                ret[field.get_accessor_name()] = None
        else:
            ret[field.attname] = getattr(self, field.attname)
    return ret

这里使用了django 1.10的公共方法get_fields。这使得代码更经得起未来的考验，但更重要的是还包括了外键和edititable =False的字段。

作为参考，这里是.fields的实现

@cached_property
def fields(self):
    """
    Returns a list of all forward fields on the model and its parents,
    excluding ManyToManyFields.

    Private API intended only to be used by Django itself; get_fields()
    combined with filtering of field properties is the public API for
    obtaining this field list.
    """
    # For legacy reasons, the fields property should only contain forward
    # fields that are not private or with a m2m cardinality. Therefore we
    # pass these three filters as filters to the generator.
    # The third lambda is a longwinded way of checking f.related_model - we don't
    # use that property directly because related_model is a cached property,
    # and all the models may not have been loaded yet; we don't want to cache
    # the string reference to the related_model.
    def is_not_an_m2m_field(f):
        return not (f.is_relation and f.many_to_many)

    def is_not_a_generic_relation(f):
        return not (f.is_relation and f.one_to_many)

    def is_not_a_generic_foreign_key(f):
        return not (
            f.is_relation and f.many_to_one and not (hasattr(f.remote_field, 'model') and f.remote_field.model)
        )

    return make_immutable_fields_list(
        "fields",
        (f for f in self._get_fields(reverse=False)
         if is_not_an_m2m_field(f) and is_not_a_generic_relation(f) and is_not_a_generic_foreign_key(f))
    )

虽然这实际上并没有回答你的问题，但我会以不同的方式来讨论这个问题。

成功保存本地副本后，只需清除remote_image字段。然后在保存方法中，只要remote_image不为空，就可以随时更新图像。

如果您想保留对url的引用，您可以使用一个不可编辑的布尔字段来处理缓存标志，而不是使用remote_image字段本身。

有一个属性__dict__，它将所有字段作为键，并将值作为字段值。所以我们可以比较其中两个

只需将模型的save函数更改为下面的函数即可

def save(self, force_insert=False, force_update=False, using=None, update_fields=None):
    if self.pk is not None:
        initial = A.objects.get(pk=self.pk)
        initial_json, final_json = initial.__dict__.copy(), self.__dict__.copy()
        initial_json.pop('_state'), final_json.pop('_state')
        only_changed_fields = {k: {'final_value': final_json[k], 'initial_value': initial_json[k]} for k in initial_json if final_json[k] != initial_json[k]}
        print(only_changed_fields)
    super(A, self).save(force_insert=False, force_update=False, using=None, update_fields=None)

使用示例:

class A(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=200, null=True, blank=True)
    senior = models.CharField(choices=choices, max_length=3)
    timestamp = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)

    def save(self, force_insert=False, force_update=False, using=None, update_fields=None):
        if self.pk is not None:
            initial = A.objects.get(pk=self.pk)
            initial_json, final_json = initial.__dict__.copy(), self.__dict__.copy()
            initial_json.pop('_state'), final_json.pop('_state')
            only_changed_fields = {k: {'final_value': final_json[k], 'initial_value': initial_json[k]} for k in initial_json if final_json[k] != initial_json[k]}
            print(only_changed_fields)
        super(A, self).save(force_insert=False, force_update=False, using=None, update_fields=None)

产生只包含已更改字段的输出

{'name': {'initial_value': '1234515', 'final_value': 'nim'}, 'senior': {'initial_value': 'no', 'final_value': 'yes'}}

注意，字段更改跟踪在django-model-utils中是可用的。

https://django-model-utils.readthedocs.org/en/latest/index.html

最佳的解决方案可能是在保存模型实例之前不包括额外的数据库读取操作，也不包括任何进一步的django库。这就是为什么拉弗斯特的解决方案更可取。在管理站点的上下文中，可以简单地覆盖save_model-方法，并调用表单的has_changed方法，就像上面Sion的回答一样。你得到了类似这样的东西，利用Sion的例子设置，但使用changed_data来获得每一个可能的变化:

class ModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
   fields=['name','mode']
   def save_model(self, request, obj, form, change):
     form.changed_data #output could be ['name']
     #do somethin the changed name value...
     #call the super method
     super(self,ModelAdmin).save_model(request, obj, form, change)

覆盖save_model:

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/contrib/admin/#django.contrib.admin.ModelAdmin.save_model

为字段内置changed_data-method:

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/forms/api/#django.forms.Form.changed_data

@ivanlivski的mixin很棒。

我把它扩展到

确保它适用于Decimal字段。 公开属性以简化使用

更新后的代码可在这里: https://github.com/sknutsonsf/python-contrib/blob/master/src/django/utils/ModelDiffMixin.py

为了帮助刚接触Python或Django的人，我将给出一个更完整的示例。 这种特殊用法是从数据提供者获取一个文件，并确保数据库中的记录反映该文件。

我的模型对象:

class Station(ModelDiffMixin.ModelDiffMixin, models.Model):
    station_name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    nearby_city = models.CharField(max_length=200)

    precipitation = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)
    # <list of many other fields>

   def is_float_changed (self,v1, v2):
        ''' Compare two floating values to just two digit precision
        Override Default precision is 5 digits
        '''
        return abs (round (v1 - v2, 2)) > 0.01

加载文件的类有这些方法:

class UpdateWeather (object)
    # other methods omitted

    def update_stations (self, filename):
        # read all existing data 
        all_stations = models.Station.objects.all()
        self._existing_stations = {}

        # insert into a collection for referencing while we check if data exists
        for stn in all_stations.iterator():
            self._existing_stations[stn.id] = stn

        # read the file. result is array of objects in known column order
        data = read_tabbed_file(filename)

        # iterate rows from file and insert or update where needed
        for rownum in range(sh.nrows):
            self._update_row(sh.row(rownum));

        # now anything remaining in the collection is no longer active
        # since it was not found in the newest file
        # for now, delete that record
        # there should never be any of these if the file was created properly
        for stn in self._existing_stations.values():
            stn.delete()
            self._num_deleted = self._num_deleted+1


    def _update_row (self, rowdata):
        stnid = int(rowdata[0].value) 
        name = rowdata[1].value.strip()

        # skip the blank names where data source has ids with no data today
        if len(name) < 1:
            return

        # fetch rest of fields and do sanity test
        nearby_city = rowdata[2].value.strip()
        precip = rowdata[3].value

        if stnid in self._existing_stations:
            stn = self._existing_stations[stnid]
            del self._existing_stations[stnid]
            is_update = True;
        else:
            stn = models.Station()
            is_update = False;

        # object is new or old, don't care here            
        stn.id = stnid
        stn.station_name = name;
        stn.nearby_city = nearby_city
        stn.precipitation = precip

        # many other fields updated from the file 

        if is_update == True:

            # we use a model mixin to simplify detection of changes
            # at the cost of extra memory to store the objects            
            if stn.has_changed == True:
                self._num_updated = self._num_updated + 1;
                stn.save();
        else:
            self._num_created = self._num_created + 1;
            stn.save()