在我的模型中我有:
class Alias(MyBaseModel):
remote_image = models.URLField(
max_length=500, null=True,
help_text='''
A URL that is downloaded and cached for the image.
Only used when the alias is made
'''
)
image = models.ImageField(
upload_to='alias', default='alias-default.png',
help_text="An image representing the alias"
)
def save(self, *args, **kw):
if (not self.image or self.image.name == 'alias-default.png') and self.remote_image :
try :
data = utils.fetch(self.remote_image)
image = StringIO.StringIO(data)
image = Image.open(image)
buf = StringIO.StringIO()
image.save(buf, format='PNG')
self.image.save(
hashlib.md5(self.string_id).hexdigest() + ".png", ContentFile(buf.getvalue())
)
except IOError :
pass
这在remote_image第一次改变的时候工作得很好。
当有人修改了别名上的remote_image时，我如何获取一个新的图像?其次，是否有更好的方法来缓存远程映像?
我扩展了@livskiy的mixin，如下所示:
class ModelDiffMixin(models.Model):
"""
A model mixin that tracks model fields' values and provide some useful api
to know what fields have been changed.
"""
_dict = DictField(editable=False)
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(ModelDiffMixin, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self._initial = self._dict
@property
def diff(self):
d1 = self._initial
d2 = self._dict
diffs = [(k, (v, d2[k])) for k, v in d1.items() if v != d2[k]]
return dict(diffs)
@property
def has_changed(self):
return bool(self.diff)
@property
def changed_fields(self):
return self.diff.keys()
def get_field_diff(self, field_name):
"""
Returns a diff for field if it's changed and None otherwise.
"""
return self.diff.get(field_name, None)
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Saves model and set initial state.
"""
object_dict = model_to_dict(self,
fields=[field.name for field in self._meta.fields])
for field in object_dict:
# for FileFields
if issubclass(object_dict[field].__class__, FieldFile):
try:
object_dict[field] = object_dict[field].path
except :
object_dict[field] = object_dict[field].name
# TODO: add other non-serializable field types
self._dict = object_dict
super(ModelDiffMixin, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
class Meta:
abstract = True
DictField为:
class DictField(models.TextField):
__metaclass__ = models.SubfieldBase
description = "Stores a python dict"
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(DictField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
def to_python(self, value):
if not value:
value = {}
if isinstance(value, dict):
return value
return json.loads(value)
def get_prep_value(self, value):
if value is None:
return value
return json.dumps(value)
def value_to_string(self, obj):
value = self._get_val_from_obj(obj)
return self.get_db_prep_value(value)
可以通过在模型中扩展它来使用它
一个_dict字段将在同步/迁移时添加，该字段将存储对象的状态
现在直接回答:检查字段的值是否已经改变的一种方法是在保存实例之前从数据库获取原始数据。想想这个例子:
class MyModel(models.Model):
f1 = models.CharField(max_length=1)
def save(self, *args, **kw):
if self.pk is not None:
orig = MyModel.objects.get(pk=self.pk)
if orig.f1 != self.f1:
print 'f1 changed'
super(MyModel, self).save(*args, **kw)
同样的事情也适用于处理表单。您可以在ModelForm的clean或save方法中检测到它:
class MyModelForm(forms.ModelForm):
def clean(self):
cleaned_data = super(ProjectForm, self).clean()
#if self.has_changed(): # new instance or existing updated (form has data to save)
if self.instance.pk is not None: # new instance only
if self.instance.f1 != cleaned_data['f1']:
print 'f1 changed'
return cleaned_data
class Meta:
model = MyModel
exclude = []
这是另一种方法。
class Parameter(models.Model):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(Parameter, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.__original_value = self.value
def clean(self,*args,**kwargs):
if self.__original_value == self.value:
print("igual")
else:
print("distinto")
def save(self,*args,**kwargs):
self.full_clean()
return super(Parameter, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
self.__original_value = self.value
key = models.CharField(max_length=24, db_index=True, unique=True)
value = models.CharField(max_length=128)
根据文档:验证对象
full_clean()执行的第二步是调用Model.clean()。应该重写此方法，以便在模型上执行自定义验证。
此方法应用于提供自定义模型验证，并根据需要修改模型上的属性。例如，你可以使用它来自动为一个字段提供一个值，或者进行验证，需要访问多个字段:
