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2024-02-06 10:00:04

在HTML5画布中调整图像大小

I'm trying to create a thumbnail image on the client side using javascript and a canvas element, but when I shrink the image down, it looks terrible. It looks as if it was downsized in photoshop with the resampling set to 'Nearest Neighbor' instead of Bicubic. I know its possible to get this to look right, because this site can do it just fine using a canvas as well. I've tried using the same code they do as shown in the "[Source]" link, but it still looks terrible. Is there something I'm missing, some setting that needs to be set or something?

编辑:

我正在调整一张jpg图片的大小。我试过在链接的网站和photoshop中调整相同的jpg图片的大小，缩小后看起来很好。

以下是相关代码:

reader.onloadend = function(e)
{
    var img = new Image();
    var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
    var canvasCopy = document.createElement("canvas");
    var copyContext = canvasCopy.getContext("2d");

    img.onload = function()
    {
        var ratio = 1;

        if(img.width > maxWidth)
            ratio = maxWidth / img.width;
        else if(img.height > maxHeight)
            ratio = maxHeight / img.height;

        canvasCopy.width = img.width;
        canvasCopy.height = img.height;
        copyContext.drawImage(img, 0, 0);

        canvas.width = img.width * ratio;
        canvas.height = img.height * ratio;
        ctx.drawImage(canvasCopy, 0, 0, canvasCopy.width, canvasCopy.height, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
    };

    img.src = reader.result;
}

EDIT2:

看来我错了，链接网站并没有做任何更好的工作缩小图像。我尝试了其他建议的方法，没有一个看起来更好。这就是不同方法的结果:

ps:

帆布:

使用图像渲染:optimizeQuality设置并按宽度/高度缩放:

使用-moz-transform设置和缩放:

Canvas在pixastic上调整大小:

我猜这意味着firefox没有像它应该的那样使用双三次抽样。我只能等他们真的加进去了。

EDIT3:

原始图像

当前回答

快速和简单的Javascript图像调整器:

https://github.com/calvintwr/blitz-hermite-resize

const blitz = Blitz.create()

/* Promise */
blitz({
    source: DOM Image/DOM Canvas/jQuery/DataURL/File,
    width: 400,
    height: 600
}).then(output => {
    // handle output
})catch(error => {
    // handle error
})

/* Await */
let resized = await blizt({...})

/* Old school callback */
const blitz = Blitz.create('callback')
blitz({...}, function(output) {
    // run your callback.
})

历史

这是经过多轮研究、阅读和尝试后得出的结论。

调整器算法使用@ViliusL的Hermite脚本(Hermite调整器确实是最快的，并且提供了相当好的输出)。扩展了您需要的功能。

fork 1 worker来调整大小，这样它就不会在调整大小时冻结你的浏览器，不像其他所有的JS调整器。

2015-12-10 17:16:18

其他回答

如果你只是想调整图像的大小，我建议用CSS设置图像的宽度和高度。这里有一个简单的例子:

.small-image {
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
}

注意，高度和宽度也可以使用JavaScript设置。下面是快速代码示例:

var img = document.getElement("my-image");
img.style.width = 100 + "px";  // Make sure you add the "px" to the end,
img.style.height = 100 + "px"; // otherwise you'll confuse IE

此外，为了确保调整大小的图像看起来不错，在图像选择器中添加以下css规则:

-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic:在IE7中引入 图像渲染:optimizeQuality:在FireFox 3.6中引入

据我所知，除了IE之外，所有浏览器都默认使用双三次算法来调整图像大小，所以你调整后的图像在Firefox和Chrome中应该看起来不错。

如果设置css的宽度和高度不工作，你可能想玩一个css转换:

-moz-transform: scale(sx[， sy]) -webkit-transform:规模(sx (sy))

如果出于任何原因你需要使用画布，请注意有两种方法可以调整图像的大小:通过css调整画布的大小或以较小的尺寸绘制图像。

请参阅这个问题了解更多细节。

2010-02-22 15:34:30

所以我发现了一些有趣的东西，在使用画布时可能会有所帮助:

要单独调整画布控件的大小，您需要使用height=""和width=""属性(或canvas.width/canvas. properties)。高度元素)。如果你使用CSS来调整画布的大小，它实际上会拉伸(即:调整大小)画布的内容以适应整个画布(而不是简单地增加或减少画布的面积)。

尝试将图像绘制到画布控件中，并将height和width属性设置为图像的大小，然后使用CSS将画布调整为您想要的大小，这是值得一试的。也许这将使用不同的调整大小算法。

还应该注意的是，canvas在不同浏览器(甚至不同浏览器的不同版本)中具有不同的效果。在浏览器中使用的算法和技术可能会随着时间的推移而改变(特别是Firefox 4和Chrome 6很快就会出来，这将非常强调画布渲染性能)。

此外，您可能也想尝试一下SVG，因为它可能也使用了不同的算法。

祝你好运!

2010-07-06 07:39:53

这是一个javascript函数改编自@Telanor的代码。当将图像base64作为第一个参数传递给函数时，它将返回调整后图像的base64。maxWidth和maxHeight是可选的。

function thumbnail(base64, maxWidth, maxHeight) {

  // Max size for thumbnail
  if(typeof(maxWidth) === 'undefined') var maxWidth = 500;
  if(typeof(maxHeight) === 'undefined') var maxHeight = 500;

  // Create and initialize two canvas
  var canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
  var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
  var canvasCopy = document.createElement("canvas");
  var copyContext = canvasCopy.getContext("2d");

  // Create original image
  var img = new Image();
  img.src = base64;

  // Determine new ratio based on max size
  var ratio = 1;
  if(img.width > maxWidth)
    ratio = maxWidth / img.width;
  else if(img.height > maxHeight)
    ratio = maxHeight / img.height;

  // Draw original image in second canvas
  canvasCopy.width = img.width;
  canvasCopy.height = img.height;
  copyContext.drawImage(img, 0, 0);

  // Copy and resize second canvas to first canvas
  canvas.width = img.width * ratio;
  canvas.height = img.height * ratio;
  ctx.drawImage(canvasCopy, 0, 0, canvasCopy.width, canvasCopy.height, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

  return canvas.toDataURL();

}
2013-02-13 03:12:02

谢谢@syockit的精彩回答。然而，我不得不重新格式化如下使它工作。可能是由于DOM扫描问题:

$(document).ready(function () {

$('img').on("load", clickA);
function clickA() {
    var img = this;
    var canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
    new thumbnailer(canvas, img, 50, 3);
    document.body.appendChild(canvas);
}

function thumbnailer(elem, img, sx, lobes) {
    this.canvas = elem;
    elem.width = img.width;
    elem.height = img.height;
    elem.style.display = "none";
    this.ctx = elem.getContext("2d");
    this.ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0);
    this.img = img;
    this.src = this.ctx.getImageData(0, 0, img.width, img.height);
    this.dest = {
        width: sx,
        height: Math.round(img.height * sx / img.width)
    };
    this.dest.data = new Array(this.dest.width * this.dest.height * 3);
    this.lanczos = lanczosCreate(lobes);
    this.ratio = img.width / sx;
    this.rcp_ratio = 2 / this.ratio;
    this.range2 = Math.ceil(this.ratio * lobes / 2);
    this.cacheLanc = {};
    this.center = {};
    this.icenter = {};
    setTimeout(process1, 0, this, 0);
}

//returns a function that calculates lanczos weight
function lanczosCreate(lobes) {
    return function (x) {
        if (x > lobes)
            return 0;
        x *= Math.PI;
        if (Math.abs(x) < 1e-16)
            return 1
        var xx = x / lobes;
        return Math.sin(x) * Math.sin(xx) / x / xx;
    }
}

process1 = function (self, u) {
    self.center.x = (u + 0.5) * self.ratio;
    self.icenter.x = Math.floor(self.center.x);
    for (var v = 0; v < self.dest.height; v++) {
        self.center.y = (v + 0.5) * self.ratio;
        self.icenter.y = Math.floor(self.center.y);
        var a, r, g, b;
        a = r = g = b = 0;
        for (var i = self.icenter.x - self.range2; i <= self.icenter.x + self.range2; i++) {
            if (i < 0 || i >= self.src.width)
                continue;
            var f_x = Math.floor(1000 * Math.abs(i - self.center.x));
            if (!self.cacheLanc[f_x])
                self.cacheLanc[f_x] = {};
            for (var j = self.icenter.y - self.range2; j <= self.icenter.y + self.range2; j++) {
                if (j < 0 || j >= self.src.height)
                    continue;
                var f_y = Math.floor(1000 * Math.abs(j - self.center.y));
                if (self.cacheLanc[f_x][f_y] == undefined)
                    self.cacheLanc[f_x][f_y] = self.lanczos(Math.sqrt(Math.pow(f_x * self.rcp_ratio, 2) + Math.pow(f_y * self.rcp_ratio, 2)) / 1000);
                weight = self.cacheLanc[f_x][f_y];
                if (weight > 0) {
                    var idx = (j * self.src.width + i) * 4;
                    a += weight;
                    r += weight * self.src.data[idx];
                    g += weight * self.src.data[idx + 1];
                    b += weight * self.src.data[idx + 2];
                }
            }
        }
        var idx = (v * self.dest.width + u) * 3;
        self.dest.data[idx] = r / a;
        self.dest.data[idx + 1] = g / a;
        self.dest.data[idx + 2] = b / a;
    }

    if (++u < self.dest.width)
        setTimeout(process1, 0, self, u);
    else
        setTimeout(process2, 0, self);
};

process2 = function (self) {
    self.canvas.width = self.dest.width;
    self.canvas.height = self.dest.height;
    self.ctx.drawImage(self.img, 0, 0);
    self.src = self.ctx.getImageData(0, 0, self.dest.width, self.dest.height);
    var idx, idx2;
    for (var i = 0; i < self.dest.width; i++) {
        for (var j = 0; j < self.dest.height; j++) {
            idx = (j * self.dest.width + i) * 3;
            idx2 = (j * self.dest.width + i) * 4;
            self.src.data[idx2] = self.dest.data[idx];
            self.src.data[idx2 + 1] = self.dest.data[idx + 1];
            self.src.data[idx2 + 2] = self.dest.data[idx + 2];
        }
    }
    self.ctx.putImageData(self.src, 0, 0);
    self.canvas.style.display = "block";
}
});
2013-08-14 00:51:36

我把@syockit的答案和降阶方法转换成了一个可重用的Angular服务，有兴趣的朋友可以访问:https://gist.github.com/fisch0920/37bac5e741eaec60e983

我包括了这两种解决方案，因为它们都有各自的优点和缺点。lanczos卷积方法的质量更高，但代价是速度较慢，而逐步降尺度方法产生了合理的抗锯齿结果，而且速度明显更快。

使用示例:

angular.module('demo').controller('ExampleCtrl', function (imageService) {
  // EXAMPLE USAGE
  // NOTE: it's bad practice to access the DOM inside a controller, 
  // but this is just to show the example usage.

  // resize by lanczos-sinc filter
  imageService.resize($('#myimg')[0], 256, 256)
    .then(function (resizedImage) {
      // do something with resized image
    })

  // resize by stepping down image size in increments of 2x
  imageService.resizeStep($('#myimg')[0], 256, 256)
    .then(function (resizedImage) {
      // do something with resized image
    })
})
2014-09-16 23:17:51

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