如何将以下字符串转换为datetime对象?

"Jun 1 2005  1:33PM"

当前回答

使用熊猫时间戳似乎是最快的:

import pandas as pd

N = 1000

l = ['Jun 1 2005  1:33PM'] * N

list(pd.to_datetime(l, format=format))

%timeit _ = list(pd.to_datetime(l, format=format))
1.58 ms ± 21.6 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1000 loops each)

其他解决方案

from datetime import datetime
%timeit _ = list(map(lambda x: datetime.strptime(x, format), l))
9.41 ms ± 95.7 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 100 loops each)

from dateutil.parser import parse
%timeit _ = list(map(lambda x: parse(x), l))
73.8 ms ± 1.14 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 10 loops each)

如果字符串是ISO 8601字符串,请使用csio8601:

import ciso8601

l = ['2014-01-09'] * N

%timeit _ = list(map(lambda x: ciso8601.parse_datetime(x), l))
186 µs ± 4.13 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 10000 loops each)

其他回答

我已经完成了一个项目,可以转换一些非常整洁的表达式。查看时间字符串。

以下是一些示例:

pip install timestring
>>> import timestring
>>> timestring.Date('monday, aug 15th 2015 at 8:40 pm')
<timestring.Date 2015-08-15 20:40:00 4491909392>
>>> timestring.Date('monday, aug 15th 2015 at 8:40 pm').date
datetime.datetime(2015, 8, 15, 20, 40)
>>> timestring.Range('next week')
<timestring.Range From 03/10/14 00:00:00 to 03/03/14 00:00:00 4496004880>
>>> (timestring.Range('next week').start.date, timestring.Range('next week').end.date)
(datetime.datetime(2014, 3, 10, 0, 0), datetime.datetime(2014, 3, 14, 0, 0))

这里没有提到但很有用的一点:在当天添加后缀。我解耦了后缀逻辑,这样你就可以将它用于任何你喜欢的数字,而不仅仅是日期。

import time

def num_suffix(n):
    '''
    Returns the suffix for any given int
    '''
    suf = ('th','st', 'nd', 'rd')
    n = abs(n) # wise guy
    tens = int(str(n)[-2:])
    units = n % 10
    if tens > 10 and tens < 20:
        return suf[0] # teens with 'th'
    elif units <= 3:
        return suf[units]
    else:
        return suf[0] # 'th'

def day_suffix(t):
    '''
    Returns the suffix of the given struct_time day
    '''
    return num_suffix(t.tm_mday)

# Examples
print num_suffix(123)
print num_suffix(3431)
print num_suffix(1234)
print ''
print day_suffix(time.strptime("1 Dec 00", "%d %b %y"))
print day_suffix(time.strptime("2 Nov 01", "%d %b %y"))
print day_suffix(time.strptime("3 Oct 02", "%d %b %y"))
print day_suffix(time.strptime("4 Sep 03", "%d %b %y"))
print day_suffix(time.strptime("13 Nov 90", "%d %b %y"))
print day_suffix(time.strptime("14 Oct 10", "%d %b %y"))​​​​​​​

将yyyy-mm-dd日期字符串映射到datetime.date对象的简短示例:

from datetime import date
date_from_yyyy_mm_dd = lambda δ : date(*[int(_) for _ in δ.split('-')])
date_object = date_from_yyyy_mm_dd('2021-02-15')

使用第三方dateutil库:

from dateutil import parser
parser.parse("Aug 28 1999 12:00AM")  # datetime.datetime(1999, 8, 28, 0, 0)

它可以处理大多数日期格式,并且比strptime更方便,因为它通常猜测正确的格式。它对于编写测试也非常有用,因为可读性比性能更重要。

安装时使用:

pip install python-dateutil

Django时区感知日期时间对象示例。

import datetime
from django.utils.timezone import get_current_timezone
tz = get_current_timezone()

format = '%b %d %Y %I:%M%p'
date_object = datetime.datetime.strptime('Jun 1 2005  1:33PM', format)
date_obj = tz.localize(date_object)

当USE_TZ=True时,这种转换对于Django和Python非常重要:

RuntimeWarning: DateTimeField MyModel.created received a naive datetime (2016-03-04 00:00:00) while time zone support is active.