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2023-06-21 05:00:20

pip install failed with "connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)"

我对Python非常陌生，并试图在Windows 7上安装链接检查器。一些注意事项:

pip install is failing no matter the package. For example, > pip install scrapy also results in the SSL error. Vanilla install of Python 3.4.1 included pip 1.5.6. The first thing I tried to do was install linkchecker. Python 2.7 was already installed, it came with ArcGIS. python and pip were not available from the command line until I installed 3.4.1. > pip search linkchecker works. Perhaps that is because pip search does not verify the site's SSL certificate. I am in a company network but we do not go through a proxy to reach the Internet. Each company computer (including mine) has a Trusted Root Certificate Authority that is used for various reasons including enabling monitoring TLS traffic to https://google.com. Not sure if that has anything to do with it.

下面是运行pip install linkchecker后我的pip.log的内容:

Downloading/unpacking linkchecker
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/: connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/: connection error: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.python.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/ (Caused by <class 'http.client.CannotSendRequest'>: Request-sent)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Cannot fetch index base URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/
  URLs to search for versions for linkchecker:
  * https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/: connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement linkchecker
Cleaning up...
  Removing temporary dir C:\Users\jcook\AppData\Local\Temp\pip_build_jcook...
No distributions at all found for linkchecker
Exception information:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\basecommand.py", line 122, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\commands\install.py", line 278, in run
    requirement_set.prepare_files(finder, force_root_egg_info=self.bundle, bundle=self.bundle)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\req.py", line 1177, in prepare_files
    url = finder.find_requirement(req_to_install, upgrade=self.upgrade)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py", line 277, in find_requirement
    raise DistributionNotFound('No distributions at all found for %s' % req)
pip.exceptions.DistributionNotFound: No distributions at all found for linkchecker

当前回答

在我的情况下，这是由于SSL证书是由我公司的内部CA签署的。使用像pip——cert这样的变通方法并没有帮助，但是下面的包可以:

pip install pip_system_certs

参见:https://pypi.org/project/pip-system-certs/

这个包修补pip并在运行时请求使用来自默认系统存储的证书(而不是捆绑的certs ca)。 这将允许pip验证tls/ssl连接到您的系统安装信任的服务器。

2019-05-22 10:02:03

其他回答

我尝试使用公司代理，但失败了。

我使用的是Python 3.6。

Pip.conf文件丢失。

下面是解决这个问题的步骤:

安装证书包:-pip——truste- host pypi.python.org——truste- host files.pythonhosted.org——truste- host pypi.org 创建一个pip.conf文件，如下所示:

     $ cd ~/.config 
     $ mkdir pip
     $ cd pip
     $ nano pip.conf

将以下内容添加到新创建的.conf文件中，并保存。

[global]
trusted-host = pypi.python.org files.pythonhosted.org pypi.org pypi.io

一切都完成了，它开始工作了。

2021-02-12 05:22:43 
pip install gensim config --global http.sslVerify false

只需安装任何带有“config——global http. conf”的包。sslVerify false”语句

可以通过将pypi.org和files.pythonhosted.org以及旧的pypi.python.org设置为可信主机来忽略SSL错误。

$ pip install --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host pypi.python.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org <package_name>

注意:在2018年4月的某个时候，Python包索引从pypi.python.org迁移到pypi.org。这意味着使用旧域的“可信主机”命令不再有效，但您可以同时添加这两个命令。

永久解决

自从pip 10.0发布以来，你应该可以通过升级pip本身来永久地修复这个问题:

$ pip install --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host pypi.python.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org pip setuptools

或者重新安装以获得最新版本:

$ curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py

(…然后使用相关的Python解释器运行get-pip.py)。

PIP install <otherpackage>应该在此之后工作。如果没有，那么您将需要做更多的工作，如下所述。

您可能希望将受信任主机和代理添加到配置文件中。

pip.ini (Windows)或pip.conf (unix)

[global]
trusted-host = pypi.python.org
               pypi.org
               files.pythonhosted.org

替代解决方案(不太安全)

大多数答案都可能带来安全问题。

有两个变通方法可以帮助您轻松安装大多数python包:

使用easy_install:如果您真的很懒，不想浪费太多时间，请使用easy_install <package_name>。注意，有些包找不到，或者会出现小错误。 使用Wheel:下载python包的Wheel，使用pip命令pip install wheel_package_name。WHL安装包。

2015-04-20 15:13:41

这对我来说很管用:

$ sudo mv /etc/ssl/cert.pem /etc/ssl/cert.pem.BAK

在我的情况下，我在安装pip时得到了相同的错误，在尝试运行aws CLI命令时也出现了类似的错误。这一周一切正常，下一周就不正常了。AFAIK，我没有安装任何会破坏SSL的东西。

我在MacOS大苏尔，尝试了不同版本的Python 3。通过pyenv和Brew安装。我尝试了这篇文章中列出的所有相关解决方案。我甚至重新安装了操作系统，但还是不行。

2021-07-04 22:31:42

在我的例子中，我在最小的alpine docker映像中运行Python。缺少根CA证书。解决办法:

Apk更新& Apk添加ca-certificates

2018-02-23 11:21:22

对我来说，这是因为以前我正在运行脚本，设置代理(到提琴手)，重新打开控制台或重新启动修复问题。

2017-03-30 21:36:45

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