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2023-06-21 05:00:20

pip install failed with "connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)"

我对Python非常陌生，并试图在Windows 7上安装链接检查器。一些注意事项:

pip install is failing no matter the package. For example, > pip install scrapy also results in the SSL error. Vanilla install of Python 3.4.1 included pip 1.5.6. The first thing I tried to do was install linkchecker. Python 2.7 was already installed, it came with ArcGIS. python and pip were not available from the command line until I installed 3.4.1. > pip search linkchecker works. Perhaps that is because pip search does not verify the site's SSL certificate. I am in a company network but we do not go through a proxy to reach the Internet. Each company computer (including mine) has a Trusted Root Certificate Authority that is used for various reasons including enabling monitoring TLS traffic to https://google.com. Not sure if that has anything to do with it.

下面是运行pip install linkchecker后我的pip.log的内容:

Downloading/unpacking linkchecker
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/: connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/: connection error: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.python.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/ (Caused by <class 'http.client.CannotSendRequest'>: Request-sent)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Cannot fetch index base URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/
  URLs to search for versions for linkchecker:
  * https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/: connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement linkchecker
Cleaning up...
  Removing temporary dir C:\Users\jcook\AppData\Local\Temp\pip_build_jcook...
No distributions at all found for linkchecker
Exception information:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\basecommand.py", line 122, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\commands\install.py", line 278, in run
    requirement_set.prepare_files(finder, force_root_egg_info=self.bundle, bundle=self.bundle)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\req.py", line 1177, in prepare_files
    url = finder.find_requirement(req_to_install, upgrade=self.upgrade)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py", line 277, in find_requirement
    raise DistributionNotFound('No distributions at all found for %s' % req)
pip.exceptions.DistributionNotFound: No distributions at all found for linkchecker

当前回答

或者，如果什么都不行(就像我的情况)，你可以恢复到搜索和下载whl文件这里:

https://pypi.org/project/fileDownloader.py/

在通过pip安装它之前，使用下载的文件，不再需要任何证书:

python3.7 -m pip install Myfile.whl
2021-01-26 15:05:06

其他回答

TLDR:

pip install --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host pypi.python.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org -r requirements.txt -vvv

pip install --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host pypi.python.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org <packageName> -vvv

所以，我已经有了30多个问题的答案，但在2020年6月(封锁期间)，什么都对我没用。 这些都是在过去的不同时刻被给予的。我将努力让这个答案在未来的任何时候都适用。 问题是，当pip安装包时，它会尝试连接存储包的主机URL，并且在下载时不相信URL。

有两种方法可以解决这个问题: 容易的，不安全的: 1. 检查哪个URL被pip击中下载包。

pip install <packageName> -vvv

如果你仔细检查输出，你会发现它可能会指向一些URL，比如pypi.org或者pypi.python.org。

如果是，只需添加可信主机选项到命令如下:

pip install --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host pypi.python.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org <packageName> -vvv

或者如果你使用的是需求文件:

pip install --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host pypi.python.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org -r requirements.txt -vvv

安全的方法:

转到这些URL并下载它们的公共证书(只要谷歌如何下载)，创建一个链，将其存储为.pem文件，并运行以下命令:

pip --cert YourPemFile.pem install <packageName>
2020-06-19 11:25:08

您可以通过以下方法解决CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED问题:

Use HTTP instead of HTTPS (e.g. --index-url=http://pypi.python.org/simple/). Use --cert <trusted.pem> or CA_BUNDLE variable to specify alternative CA bundle. E.g. you can go to failing URL from web-browser and import root certificate into your system. Run python -c "import ssl; print(ssl.get_default_verify_paths())" to check the current one (validate if exists). OpenSSL has a pair of environments (SSL_CERT_DIR, SSL_CERT_FILE) which can be used to specify different certificate databasePEP-476. Use --trusted-host <hostname> to mark the host as trusted. In Python use verify=False for requests.get (see: SSL Cert Verification). Use --proxy <proxy> to avoid certificate checks.

阅读更多:TLS/SSL包装套接字对象-验证证书。

2016-08-24 13:30:40

永久固定pip配置

我有ssl问题，由于公司网络安全相关的netscope。我的机器是windows 10, python 3.9，下面的命令对我有用。

pip config set global.trusted-host \
    "pypi.org files.pythonhosted.org pypi.python.org" \
    --trusted-host=pypi.python.org \
    --trusted-host=pypi.org \
    --trusted-host=files.pythonhosted.org

在这里，pip永久信任这些站点，现在我们可以使用它们下载任何包。

2021-06-01 22:42:53

在64位Windows 7企业版上尝试使用ActivePython 2.7.8、ActivePython 3.4.1和“库存”Python 3.4.2安装pip ftputil时遇到同样的问题。所有尝试都失败了，错误与OP相同。

通过降级到pip 1.2.1来解决Python 3.4.2的问题:easy_install pip==1.2.1(参见https://stackoverflow.com/a/16370731/234235)。同样的修复也适用于ActivePython 2.7.8。

2013年3月报告的这个漏洞仍然存在:https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/829。

2014-10-14 23:24:18

到现在为止，当pip升级到10，现在他们已经把路径从pypi.python.org更改为files.pythonhosted.org 请将命令更新为pip——trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org install python_package

2018-04-23 10:26:32

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