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2023-06-21 05:00:20

pip install failed with "connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)"

我对Python非常陌生，并试图在Windows 7上安装链接检查器。一些注意事项:

pip install is failing no matter the package. For example, > pip install scrapy also results in the SSL error. Vanilla install of Python 3.4.1 included pip 1.5.6. The first thing I tried to do was install linkchecker. Python 2.7 was already installed, it came with ArcGIS. python and pip were not available from the command line until I installed 3.4.1. > pip search linkchecker works. Perhaps that is because pip search does not verify the site's SSL certificate. I am in a company network but we do not go through a proxy to reach the Internet. Each company computer (including mine) has a Trusted Root Certificate Authority that is used for various reasons including enabling monitoring TLS traffic to https://google.com. Not sure if that has anything to do with it.

下面是运行pip install linkchecker后我的pip.log的内容:

Downloading/unpacking linkchecker
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/: connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/: connection error: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.python.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/ (Caused by <class 'http.client.CannotSendRequest'>: Request-sent)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Cannot fetch index base URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/
  URLs to search for versions for linkchecker:
  * https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/: connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement linkchecker
Cleaning up...
  Removing temporary dir C:\Users\jcook\AppData\Local\Temp\pip_build_jcook...
No distributions at all found for linkchecker
Exception information:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\basecommand.py", line 122, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\commands\install.py", line 278, in run
    requirement_set.prepare_files(finder, force_root_egg_info=self.bundle, bundle=self.bundle)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\req.py", line 1177, in prepare_files
    url = finder.find_requirement(req_to_install, upgrade=self.upgrade)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py", line 277, in find_requirement
    raise DistributionNotFound('No distributions at all found for %s' % req)
pip.exceptions.DistributionNotFound: No distributions at all found for linkchecker

当前回答

为了一劳永逸地解决这个问题，您可以验证您有一个pip.conf文件。

根据文档，这是你的pip.conf应该在的地方:

在Unix上，默认的配置文件是:$HOME/.config/pip/pip.conf，它尊重XDG_CONFIG_HOME环境变量。 在macOS上，如果$HOME/Library/Application Support/pip目录存在，则配置文件为$HOME/.config/pip/pip.conf 在Windows上，配置文件是%APPDATA%\pip\pip.ini。

在virtualenv内部:

在Unix和macOS上，文件是$VIRTUAL_ENV/pip.conf 在Windows上，文件是:%VIRTUAL_ENV%\pip.ini

你的pip.conf应该是这样的:

[global]
trusted-host = pypi.python.org

pip install linkchecker在我创建pip.conf文件后安装linkchecker，没有抱怨。

2017-09-25 17:23:26

其他回答

使用——cert参数:

您可以使用以下命令指定证书:

pip --cert <path/to/cert>.pem install <package list>

例如:

pip --cert /etc/ssl/certs/FOO_Root_CA.pem install linkchecker

参见:文档»参考指南»pip

如果指定您公司的根证书不起作用，也许cURL证书可以工作:http://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem

必须使用PEM文件，而不是CRT文件。如果你有一个CRT文件，你将需要将文件转换为PEM。评论中有报告说，这现在与CRT文件一起工作，但我还没有验证。

还要检查:SSL证书验证。

2014-09-26 14:59:52

对我来说，这是因为以前我正在运行脚本，设置代理(到提琴手)，重新打开控制台或重新启动修复问题。

2017-03-30 21:36:45

时间和日期设置正确!

对我来说，树莓派上的日期和时间配置错误。结果是使用https://files.pythonhosted.org/服务器的所有SSL和HTTPS连接都失败了。

像这样更新:

sudo date -s "Wed Thu  23 11:12:00 GMT+1 2018"
sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

或者直接与谷歌的时间连用:

Ref。https://superuser.com/a/635024/935136

sudo date -s "$(curl -s --head http://google.com | grep ^Date: | sed 's/Date: //g')"
sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
2018-08-23 09:30:24

首先，

    pip install --trusted-host pypi.python.org <package name>

对我没用。我一直得到CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED错误。然而，我在错误消息中注意到他们引用了“pypi.org”站点。因此，我使用this作为可信主机名，而不是pypi.python.org。这句话几乎把我带到了那里;使用CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED加载仍然失败，但在稍后的时间点。找到了失败的网站的引用，我把它作为一个可信任的主机。最终对我有用的是:

    pip install --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org <package name>
2018-04-23 16:50:41

如果已经编译了Python，则执行以下操作在Python中启用SSL。

wget --no-check-certificate https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.10/Python-3.9.10.tgz
tar -zxf Python-3.9.10.tgz
cd Python-3.9.10
mkdir /home/$USER/tools
export INSTALL_BASE_PATH=/home/$USER/tools

mkdir -p {INSTALL_BASE_PATH}/ssl
vi ./Modules/Setup      # Modify below lines in this file to these

SSL = {INSTALL_BASE_PATH} / SSL _ssl _ssl.c \ -DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)/include -I$(SSL)/include/openssl \ -L$(SSL)/lib -lssl -lcrypto .使用实例

./configure \
    --prefix=${INSTALL_BASE_PATH} \
    --enable-shared \
    --enable-ipv6 \
    LDFLAGS=-Wl,-rpath=${INSTALL_BASE_PATH}/lib,--disable-new-dtags

make
make install
2022-04-04 06:46:42

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