我对Python非常陌生,并试图在Windows 7上安装链接检查器。一些注意事项:

pip install is failing no matter the package. For example, > pip install scrapy also results in the SSL error. Vanilla install of Python 3.4.1 included pip 1.5.6. The first thing I tried to do was install linkchecker. Python 2.7 was already installed, it came with ArcGIS. python and pip were not available from the command line until I installed 3.4.1. > pip search linkchecker works. Perhaps that is because pip search does not verify the site's SSL certificate. I am in a company network but we do not go through a proxy to reach the Internet. Each company computer (including mine) has a Trusted Root Certificate Authority that is used for various reasons including enabling monitoring TLS traffic to https://google.com. Not sure if that has anything to do with it.

下面是运行pip install linkchecker后我的pip.log的内容:

Downloading/unpacking linkchecker
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/: connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/: connection error: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.python.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/ (Caused by <class 'http.client.CannotSendRequest'>: Request-sent)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Cannot fetch index base URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/
  URLs to search for versions for linkchecker:
  * https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/: connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement linkchecker
Cleaning up...
  Removing temporary dir C:\Users\jcook\AppData\Local\Temp\pip_build_jcook...
No distributions at all found for linkchecker
Exception information:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\basecommand.py", line 122, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\commands\install.py", line 278, in run
    requirement_set.prepare_files(finder, force_root_egg_info=self.bundle, bundle=self.bundle)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\req.py", line 1177, in prepare_files
    url = finder.find_requirement(req_to_install, upgrade=self.upgrade)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py", line 277, in find_requirement
    raise DistributionNotFound('No distributions at all found for %s' % req)
pip.exceptions.DistributionNotFound: No distributions at all found for linkchecker

当前回答

我使用easy_install安装了pip 1.2.1,并升级到pip的最新版本(当时是6.0.7),该版本能够在我的情况下安装包。

easy_install pip==1.2.1
pip install --upgrade pip

其他回答

简短的回答

如果在家里使用公司的机器时遇到这种情况,在工作时再试一次。

细节

我周末遇到了这个。Pip和conda都坏了,无法安装或更新。SO很有帮助,但在公司机器上,许多答案都有问题——解决方案需要pip install(已经不能工作)或需要下载安装程序(我想下载的安装程序被防火墙设置禁止)。

对我有效的是当我上预科的时候再试一次。这很有效。事实证明,在家庭和工作中使用这台机器时,公司防火墙的设置是不同的。

在我的例子中,我在最小的alpine docker映像中运行Python。缺少根CA证书。解决办法:

Apk更新& Apk添加ca-certificates

这对我来说很管用:

$ sudo mv /etc/ssl/cert.pem /etc/ssl/cert.pem.BAK

在我的情况下,我在安装pip时得到了相同的错误,在尝试运行aws CLI命令时也出现了类似的错误。这一周一切正常,下一周就不正常了。AFAIK,我没有安装任何会破坏SSL的东西。

我在MacOS大苏尔,尝试了不同版本的Python 3。通过pyenv和Brew安装。我尝试了这篇文章中列出的所有相关解决方案。我甚至重新安装了操作系统,但还是不行。

如果您正在使用Anaconda,并且只有在环境中运行pip时才会遇到此问题,则可能需要重新安装python。

在需要的环境中运行conda install python。

对我来说,所有建议的方法都不起作用——使用cert、HTTP、trusted-host。

在我的例子中,切换到不同版本的包是可行的(在本例中是paho-mqtt 1.3.1,而不是paho-mqtt 1.3.0)。

看来问题只针对那个版本。