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2023-06-21 05:00:20

pip install failed with "connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)"

我对Python非常陌生，并试图在Windows 7上安装链接检查器。一些注意事项:

pip install is failing no matter the package. For example, > pip install scrapy also results in the SSL error. Vanilla install of Python 3.4.1 included pip 1.5.6. The first thing I tried to do was install linkchecker. Python 2.7 was already installed, it came with ArcGIS. python and pip were not available from the command line until I installed 3.4.1. > pip search linkchecker works. Perhaps that is because pip search does not verify the site's SSL certificate. I am in a company network but we do not go through a proxy to reach the Internet. Each company computer (including mine) has a Trusted Root Certificate Authority that is used for various reasons including enabling monitoring TLS traffic to https://google.com. Not sure if that has anything to do with it.

下面是运行pip install linkchecker后我的pip.log的内容:

Downloading/unpacking linkchecker
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/: connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/: connection error: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.python.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/ (Caused by <class 'http.client.CannotSendRequest'>: Request-sent)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Cannot fetch index base URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/
  URLs to search for versions for linkchecker:
  * https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/: connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement linkchecker
Cleaning up...
  Removing temporary dir C:\Users\jcook\AppData\Local\Temp\pip_build_jcook...
No distributions at all found for linkchecker
Exception information:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\basecommand.py", line 122, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\commands\install.py", line 278, in run
    requirement_set.prepare_files(finder, force_root_egg_info=self.bundle, bundle=self.bundle)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\req.py", line 1177, in prepare_files
    url = finder.find_requirement(req_to_install, upgrade=self.upgrade)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py", line 277, in find_requirement
    raise DistributionNotFound('No distributions at all found for %s' % req)
pip.exceptions.DistributionNotFound: No distributions at all found for linkchecker

当前回答

这对我来说很管用:

$ sudo mv /etc/ssl/cert.pem /etc/ssl/cert.pem.BAK

在我的情况下，我在安装pip时得到了相同的错误，在尝试运行aws CLI命令时也出现了类似的错误。这一周一切正常，下一周就不正常了。AFAIK，我没有安装任何会破坏SSL的东西。

我在MacOS大苏尔，尝试了不同版本的Python 3。通过pyenv和Brew安装。我尝试了这篇文章中列出的所有相关解决方案。我甚至重新安装了操作系统，但还是不行。

2021-07-04 22:31:42

其他回答

您可以通过以下方法解决CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED问题:

Use HTTP instead of HTTPS (e.g. --index-url=http://pypi.python.org/simple/). Use --cert <trusted.pem> or CA_BUNDLE variable to specify alternative CA bundle. E.g. you can go to failing URL from web-browser and import root certificate into your system. Run python -c "import ssl; print(ssl.get_default_verify_paths())" to check the current one (validate if exists). OpenSSL has a pair of environments (SSL_CERT_DIR, SSL_CERT_FILE) which can be used to specify different certificate databasePEP-476. Use --trusted-host <hostname> to mark the host as trusted. In Python use verify=False for requests.get (see: SSL Cert Verification). Use --proxy <proxy> to avoid certificate checks.

阅读更多:TLS/SSL包装套接字对象-验证证书。

2016-08-24 13:30:40

在64位Windows 7企业版上尝试使用ActivePython 2.7.8、ActivePython 3.4.1和“库存”Python 3.4.2安装pip ftputil时遇到同样的问题。所有尝试都失败了，错误与OP相同。

通过降级到pip 1.2.1来解决Python 3.4.2的问题:easy_install pip==1.2.1(参见https://stackoverflow.com/a/16370731/234235)。同样的修复也适用于ActivePython 2.7.8。

2013年3月报告的这个漏洞仍然存在:https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/829。

2014-10-14 23:24:18

这个页面上的任何东西都不适合我，直到我使用——verbose选项看到它想要获得files.pythonhosted.org而不是pypi.python.org:

pip install --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org <package_name>

所以通过——verbose选项检查它失败的URL。

2018-04-19 00:18:11

对我来说，创建一个文件夹就解决了这个问题 Pip，有一个文件:Pip .ini 在 C:\Users\ <用户名> \ AppData \ \徘徊 例句:

C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Roaming\pip\pip.ini

我在信里写道:

[global]
trusted-host = pypi.python.org
               pypi.org
               files.pythonhosted.org

我重新启动python，然后pip永久信任这些站点，并使用它们下载包。

如果你在windows上找不到AppData文件夹，在文件资源管理器中写入% AppData %，它就会出现。

2018-08-24 14:24:07

我尝试了这个回答博客中提供的大多数解决方案，但是没有一个有效，我在尝试安装python包时遇到了这个ssl证书错误。

我通过以下命令成功执行:

python -m pip install PACKAGENAME --trusted-host=pypi.python.org --trusted-host=pypi.org --trusted-host=files.pythonhosted.org
2020-10-18 23:16:45

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