如果你不想强迫你的用户安装pip，你可以模仿它的行为:

import sys

from os import path as p

try:
    from setuptools import setup, find_packages
except ImportError:
    from distutils.core import setup, find_packages


def read(filename, parent=None):
    parent = (parent or __file__)

    try:
        with open(p.join(p.dirname(parent), filename)) as f:
            return f.read()
    except IOError:
        return ''


def parse_requirements(filename, parent=None):
    parent = (parent or __file__)
    filepath = p.join(p.dirname(parent), filename)
    content = read(filename, parent)

    for line_number, line in enumerate(content.splitlines(), 1):
        candidate = line.strip()

        if candidate.startswith('-r'):
            for item in parse_requirements(candidate[2:].strip(), filepath):
                yield item
        else:
            yield candidate

setup(
...
    install_requires=list(parse_requirements('requirements.txt'))
)

我是这样做的:

import re

def requirements(filename):
    with open(filename) as f:
        ll = f.read().splitlines()
    d = {}
    for l in ll:
        k, v = re.split(r'==|>=', l)
        d[k] = v
    return d

def packageInfo():
    try:
        from pip._internal.operations import freeze
    except ImportError:
        from pip.operations import freeze

    d = {}
    for kv in freeze.freeze():
        k, v = re.split(r'==|>=', kv)
        d[k] = v
    return d

req = getpackver('requirements.txt')
pkginfo = packageInfo()

for k, v in req.items():
    print(f'{k:<16}: {v:<6} -> {pkginfo[k]}')

小心parse_requirements行为!

请注意，pip.req。Parse_requirements将把下划线改为破折号。这件事让我生气了几天，后来我才发现。示例演示:

from pip.req import parse_requirements  # tested with v.1.4.1

reqs = '''
example_with_underscores
example-with-dashes
'''

with open('requirements.txt', 'w') as f:
    f.write(reqs)

req_deps = parse_requirements('requirements.txt')
result = [str(ir.req) for ir in req_deps if ir.req is not None]
print result

生产

['example-with-underscores', 'example-with-dashes']

在Travis中安装当前包。这避免了使用requirements.txt文件。 例如:

language: python
python:
  - "2.7"
  - "2.6"
install:
  - pip install -q -e .
script:
  - python runtests.py

从皮普。req导入parse_requirements对我来说不工作，我认为它是我的requirements.txt中的空白行，但这个函数确实工作

def parse_requirements(requirements):
    with open(requirements) as f:
        return [l.strip('\n') for l in f if l.strip('\n') and not l.startswith('#')]

reqs = parse_requirements(<requirements_path>)

setup(
    ...
    install_requires=reqs,
    ...
)

需求文件使用扩展的pip格式，这只在您需要用更强的约束来补充setup.py时有用，例如指定某些依赖项必须来自的确切url，或者pip freeze的输出将整个包集冻结为已知的工作版本。如果不需要额外的约束，则只使用setup.py。如果你觉得你真的需要发布一个requirements.txt，你可以让它变成一行:

.

它将是有效的，并准确地引用同一目录下的setup.py的内容。