如何递归列出所有文件在一个目录和子目录在c# ?
当前回答
以下是我的观点,基于Hernaldo’s,如果你需要找到具有特定模式名称的文件,例如XML文件,它们的名称中包含特定的字符串:
// call this like so: GetXMLFiles("Platypus", "C:\\");
public static List<string> GetXMLFiles(string fileType, string dir)
{
string dirName = dir;
var fileNames = new List<String>();
try
{
foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(dirName))
{
if ((f.Contains(fileType)) && (f.Contains(".XML")))
{
fileNames.Add(f);
}
}
foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(dirName))
{
GetXMLFiles(fileType, d);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
return fileNames;
}
其他回答
这篇文章涵盖了您需要的所有内容。除了与搜索文件和比较名称不同,只需打印出名称。
可以这样修改:
static void DirSearch(string sDir)
{
try
{
foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(sDir))
{
foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(d))
{
Console.WriteLine(f);
}
DirSearch(d);
}
}
catch (System.Exception excpt)
{
Console.WriteLine(excpt.Message);
}
}
barlop添加
GONeale提到上面没有列出当前目录中的文件,并建议将文件列表部分放在获取目录的部分之外。下面的代码可以做到这一点。它还包括一个Writeline行,你可以取消注释,这有助于跟踪你在递归中的位置,这可能有助于显示调用,帮助显示递归是如何工作的。
DirSearch_ex3("c:\\aaa");
static void DirSearch_ex3(string sDir)
{
//Console.WriteLine("DirSearch..(" + sDir + ")");
try
{
Console.WriteLine(sDir);
foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(sDir))
{
Console.WriteLine(f);
}
foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(sDir))
{
DirSearch_ex3(d);
}
}
catch (System.Exception excpt)
{
Console.WriteLine(excpt.Message);
}
}
一个简单干净的解决方案
/// <summary>
/// Scans a folder and all of its subfolders recursively, and updates the List of files
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sFullPath">Full path of the folder</param>
/// <param name="files">The list, where the output is expected</param>
internal static void EnumerateFiles(string sFullPath, List<FileInfo> fileInfoList)
{
try
{
DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(sFullPath);
FileInfo[] files = di.GetFiles();
foreach (FileInfo file in files)
fileInfoList.Add(file);
//Scan recursively
DirectoryInfo[] dirs = di.GetDirectories();
if (dirs == null || dirs.Length < 1)
return;
foreach (DirectoryInfo dir in dirs)
EnumerateFiles(dir.FullName, fileInfoList);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Logger.Write("Exception in Helper.EnumerateFiles", ex);
}
}
一些改进版本,最大lvl下到目录和选项排除文件夹:
using System;
using System.IO;
class MainClass {
public static void Main (string[] args) {
var dir = @"C:\directory\to\print";
PrintDirectoryTree(dir, 2, new string[] {"folder3"});
}
public static void PrintDirectoryTree(string directory, int lvl, string[] excludedFolders = null, string lvlSeperator = "")
{
excludedFolders = excludedFolders ?? new string[0];
foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(directory))
{
Console.WriteLine(lvlSeperator+Path.GetFileName(f));
}
foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(directory))
{
Console.WriteLine(lvlSeperator + "-" + Path.GetFileName(d));
if(lvl > 0 && Array.IndexOf(excludedFolders, Path.GetFileName(d)) < 0)
{
PrintDirectoryTree(d, lvl-1, excludedFolders, lvlSeperator+" ");
}
}
}
}
输入目录:
-folder1
file1.txt
-folder2
file2.txt
-folder5
file6.txt
-folder3
file3.txt
-folder4
file4.txt
file5.txt
函数的输出(由于lvl限制,folder5的内容被排除,folder3的内容被排除,因为它在excldedfolders数组中):
-folder1
file1.txt
-folder2
file2.txt
-folder5
-folder3
-folder4
file4.txt
file5.txt
如果您只需要文件名,并且由于我不喜欢这里的大多数解决方案(特性或可读性方面),那么这个懒惰的解决方案如何?
private void Foo()
{
var files = GetAllFiles("pathToADirectory");
foreach (string file in files)
{
// Use can use Path.GetFileName() or similar to extract just the filename if needed
// You can break early and it won't still browse your whole disk since it's a lazy one
}
}
/// <exception cref="T:System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException">The specified path is invalid (for example, it is on an unmapped drive).</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.UnauthorizedAccessException">The caller does not have the required permission.</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.IO.IOException"><paramref name="path" /> is a file name.-or-A network error has occurred.</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.IO.PathTooLongException">The specified path, file name, or both exceed the system-defined maximum length. For example, on Windows-based platforms, paths must be less than 248 characters and file names must be less than 260 characters.</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="path" /> is null.</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException"><paramref name="path" /> is a zero-length string, contains only white space, or contains one or more invalid characters as defined by <see cref="F:System.IO.Path.InvalidPathChars" />.</exception>
[NotNull]
public static IEnumerable<string> GetAllFiles([NotNull] string directory)
{
foreach (string file in Directory.GetFiles(directory))
{
yield return file; // includes the path
}
foreach (string subDir in Directory.GetDirectories(directory))
{
foreach (string subFile in GetAllFiles(subDir))
{
yield return subFile;
}
}
}
注意。net 4.0中内置了基于迭代器的(而不是基于数组的)文件函数:
foreach (string file in Directory.EnumerateFiles(path, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
{
Console.WriteLine(file);
}
现在我会使用如下的方法;如果你不能访问单个子目录,那么内置的递归方法很容易崩溃…;Queue<string>的使用避免了太多的调用堆栈递归,迭代器块避免了我们拥有一个巨大的数组。
static void Main() {
foreach (string file in GetFiles(SOME_PATH)) {
Console.WriteLine(file);
}
}
static IEnumerable<string> GetFiles(string path) {
Queue<string> queue = new Queue<string>();
queue.Enqueue(path);
while (queue.Count > 0) {
path = queue.Dequeue();
try {
foreach (string subDir in Directory.GetDirectories(path)) {
queue.Enqueue(subDir);
}
}
catch(Exception ex) {
Console.Error.WriteLine(ex);
}
string[] files = null;
try {
files = Directory.GetFiles(path);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
Console.Error.WriteLine(ex);
}
if (files != null) {
for(int i = 0 ; i < files.Length ; i++) {
yield return files[i];
}
}
}
}
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