我最初同意你的观点，因为我一直支持受控异常，并开始思考为什么我不喜欢在. net中没有受控异常。但后来我意识到我并不喜欢受控异常。

回答您的问题，是的，我喜欢我的程序显示堆栈跟踪，最好是非常难看的跟踪。我希望应用程序爆发成一堆您希望看到的最糟糕的错误消息。

原因是，如果出现这种情况，我必须修复它，而且必须马上修复。我想马上知道有什么问题。

您实际处理了多少次异常?我说的不是捕获异常——我说的是处理异常?这样写太简单了:

try {
  thirdPartyMethod();
} catch(TPException e) {
  // this should never happen
}

我知道你可能会说这是一种糟糕的实践，“答案”是做一些异常(让我猜猜，记录它?)，但在现实世界(tm)中，大多数程序员就是不这样做。

所以，是的，我不想捕捉异常，如果我没有必要这样做，我希望我的程序在我搞砸的时候爆炸。默默的失败是最糟糕的结果。

好吧，这不是关于显示堆栈跟踪或无声崩溃。它是关于在层与层之间沟通错误的能力。

The problem with checked exceptions is they encourage people to swallow important details (namely, the exception class). If you choose not to swallow that detail, then you have to keep adding throws declarations across your whole app. This means 1) that a new exception type will affect lots of function signatures, and 2) you can miss a specific instance of the exception you actually -want- to catch (say you open a secondary file for a function that writes data to a file. The secondary file is optional, so you can ignore its errors, but because the signature throws IOException, it's easy to overlook this).

实际上，我现在在一个应用程序中处理这种情况。我们将异常重新打包为AppSpecificException。这使得签名非常干净，我们不必担心在签名中爆炸。

当然，现在我们需要在更高的级别上专门化错误处理，实现重试逻辑等等。所有的东西都是AppSpecificException，所以我们不能说“如果一个IOException被抛出，重试”或“如果ClassNotFound被抛出，完全中止”。我们没有可靠的方法来获得真正的异常，因为当它们在我们的代码和第三方代码之间传递时，东西会一次又一次地重新打包。

这就是为什么我非常喜欢python中的异常处理。你只能捕获你想要和/或能处理的东西。其他所有东西都冒出来了，就好像你自己重新扔了它一样(不管怎样你已经这么做了)。

我一次又一次地发现，在我提到的整个项目中，异常处理分为3类:

Catch and handle a specific exception. This is to implement retry logic, for example. Catch and rethrow other exceptions. All that happens here is usually logging, and its usually a trite message like "Unable to open $filename". These are errors you can't do anything about; only a higher levels knows enough to handle it. Catch everything and display an error message. This is usually at the very root of a dispatcher, and all it does it make sure it can communicate the error to the caller via a non-Exception mechanism (popup dialogue, marshaling an RPC Error object, etc).

正如人们已经说过的，Java字节码中不存在受控异常。它们只是一种编译器机制，与其他语法检查没有什么不同。我看到很多受控异常，就像我看到编译器抱怨一个冗余的条件:if(true) {a;b;}。这很有帮助，但我可能是故意这么做的，所以我忽略你的警告。

事实是，如果你强制执行受控异常，你将无法强迫每个程序员“做正确的事情”，而其他人现在都是附带损害，他们只是因为你制定的规则而讨厌你。

修复坏程序!不要试图修改语言来阻止它们!对于大多数人来说，“对异常做一些事情”实际上只是告诉用户它。我也可以告诉用户一个未检查的异常，所以不要让您的已检查异常类出现在我的API中。

良好的证明Checked Exception是不需要的:

A lot of framework that does some work for Java. Like Spring that wraps JDBC exception to unchecked exceptions, throwing messages to the log Lot of languages that came after java, even on top on java platform - they do not use them Checked exceptions, it is kind prediction about how the client would use the code that throws an exception. But a developer who writes this code would never know about the system and business that client of code is working in. As an example Interfcace methods that force to throw checked exception. There are 100 implementation over the system, 50 or even 90 of implementations do not throw this exception, but the client still must to catch this exception if he user reference to that interface. Those 50 or 90 implementations tend to handle those exceptions inside themself, putting exception to the log (and this is good behavior for them). What we should do with that? I would better have some background logic that would do all that job - sending message to the log. And If I, as a client of code, would feel I need handle the exception - I will do it. I may forget about it, right - but if I use TDD, all my steps are covered and I know what I want. Another example when I'm working with I/O in java, it forces me to check all exception, if file does not exists? what I should do with that? If it does not exists, the system would not go to the next step. The client of this method, would not get expected content from that file - he can handle Runtime Exception, otherwise I should first check Checked Exception, put a message to log, then throw exception up out form the method. No...no - I would better do it automatically with RuntimeEception, that does it / lits up automatically. There is no any sense to handle it manually - I would be happy I saw an error message in the log (AOP can help with that.. something that fixes java). If, eventually, I deice that system should shows pop-up message to the end user - I will show it, not a problem.

我很高兴java能让我选择使用什么，当使用核心库时，比如I/O。Like提供了相同类的两个副本——一个用RuntimeEception包装。然后我们可以比较人们会使用什么。但是现在，很多人会选择java或其他语言之上的框架。比如Scala, JRuby等等。许多人相信SUN是对的。

我认为这是一个很好的问题，没有任何争论。我认为第三方库(通常)应该抛出未经检查的异常。这意味着你可以隔离你对库的依赖(也就是说，你既不用重新抛出它们的异常，也不用抛出异常——这通常是不好的做法)。Spring的DAO层就是一个很好的例子。

On the other hand, exceptions from the core Java API should in general be checked if they could ever be handled. Take FileNotFoundException or (my favourite) InterruptedException. These conditions should almost always be handled specifically (i.e. your reaction to an InterruptedException is not the same as your reaction to an IllegalArgumentException). The fact that your exceptions are checked forces developers to think about whether a condition is handle-able or not. (That said, I've rarely seen InterruptedException handled properly!)

还有一件事——RuntimeException并不总是“开发人员出错的地方”。当您尝试使用valueOf创建枚举且没有该名称的枚举时，将抛出非法参数异常。这并不一定是开发者的错误!

在过去的三年中，我一直在与一些开发人员一起开发相对复杂的应用程序。我们有一个代码库，它经常使用检查异常，并进行适当的错误处理，而其他一些代码库则没有。

So far, I have it found easier to work with the code base with Checked Exceptions. When I am using someone else's API, it is nice that I can see exactly what kind of error conditions I can expect when I call the code and handle them properly, either by logging, displaying or ignoring (Yes, there is valid cases for ignoring exceptions, such as a ClassLoader implementation). That gives the code I am writing an opportunity to recover. All runtime exceptions I propagate up until they are cached and handled with some generic error handling code. When I find a checked exception that I don't really want to handle at a specific level, or that I consider a programming logic error, then I wrap it into a RuntimeException and let it bubble up. Never, ever swallow an exception without a good reason (and good reasons for doing this are rather scarce)

当我使用没有检查异常的代码库时，它使我在调用函数时很难预先知道我期望什么，这可能会严重破坏一些东西。

当然，这完全取决于开发者的偏好和技能。编程和错误处理的两种方式可能同样有效(或无效)，所以我不会说只有一种方法。

总而言之，我发现使用受控异常更容易，特别是在有很多开发人员的大型项目中。