我有以下列举:
public enum AuthenticationMethod
{
FORMS = 1,
WINDOWSAUTHENTICATION = 2,
SINGLESIGNON = 3
}
然而问题是,当我请求AuthenticationMethod时,我需要“FORMS”这个词。表单而不是id
对于这个问题,我找到了以下解决方案(链接):
首先,我需要创建一个自定义属性“StringValue”:
public class StringValue : System.Attribute
{
private readonly string _value;
public StringValue(string value)
{
_value = value;
}
public string Value
{
get { return _value; }
}
}
然后我可以将这个属性添加到我的枚举器中:
public enum AuthenticationMethod
{
[StringValue("FORMS")]
FORMS = 1,
[StringValue("WINDOWS")]
WINDOWSAUTHENTICATION = 2,
[StringValue("SSO")]
SINGLESIGNON = 3
}
当然,我需要一些东西来检索StringValue:
public static class StringEnum
{
public static string GetStringValue(Enum value)
{
string output = null;
Type type = value.GetType();
//Check first in our cached results...
//Look for our 'StringValueAttribute'
//in the field's custom attributes
FieldInfo fi = type.GetField(value.ToString());
StringValue[] attrs =
fi.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(StringValue),
false) as StringValue[];
if (attrs.Length > 0)
{
output = attrs[0].Value;
}
return output;
}
}
很好,现在我已经有了工具来获取枚举器的字符串值。
然后我可以这样使用它:
string valueOfAuthenticationMethod = StringEnum.GetStringValue(AuthenticationMethod.FORMS);
好的,现在所有这些工作就像一个魅力,但我发现它有很多工作。我想知道有没有更好的解决办法。
我还尝试了一些字典和静态属性,但这也不是更好。
我使用了上述几个建议的组合,并结合了一些缓存。现在,我从网上找到的一些代码中得到了这个想法,但我既不记得是从哪里得到的,也不记得是怎么找到的。所以如果有人发现了一些相似的东西,请在归因处发表评论。
无论如何,使用涉及到类型转换器,所以如果你绑定到UI,它'只是工作'。您可以使用Jakub的模式进行扩展,通过从类型转换器初始化到静态方法来实现快速代码查找。
基本使用量是这样的
[TypeConverter(typeof(CustomEnumTypeConverter<MyEnum>))]
public enum MyEnum
{
// The custom type converter will use the description attribute
[Description("A custom description")]
ValueWithCustomDescription,
// This will be exposed exactly.
Exact
}
自定义枚举类型转换器的代码如下:
public class CustomEnumTypeConverter<T> : EnumConverter
where T : struct
{
private static readonly Dictionary<T,string> s_toString =
new Dictionary<T, string>();
private static readonly Dictionary<string, T> s_toValue =
new Dictionary<string, T>();
private static bool s_isInitialized;
static CustomEnumTypeConverter()
{
System.Diagnostics.Debug.Assert(typeof(T).IsEnum,
"The custom enum class must be used with an enum type.");
}
public CustomEnumTypeConverter() : base(typeof(T))
{
if (!s_isInitialized)
{
Initialize();
s_isInitialized = true;
}
}
protected void Initialize()
{
foreach (T item in Enum.GetValues(typeof(T)))
{
string description = GetDescription(item);
s_toString[item] = description;
s_toValue[description] = item;
}
}
private static string GetDescription(T optionValue)
{
var optionDescription = optionValue.ToString();
var optionInfo = typeof(T).GetField(optionDescription);
if (Attribute.IsDefined(optionInfo, typeof(DescriptionAttribute)))
{
var attribute =
(DescriptionAttribute)Attribute.
GetCustomAttribute(optionInfo, typeof(DescriptionAttribute));
return attribute.Description;
}
return optionDescription;
}
public override object ConvertTo(ITypeDescriptorContext context,
System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture,
object value, Type destinationType)
{
var optionValue = (T)value;
if (destinationType == typeof(string) &&
s_toString.ContainsKey(optionValue))
{
return s_toString[optionValue];
}
return base.ConvertTo(context, culture, value, destinationType);
}
public override object ConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext context,
System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture, object value)
{
var stringValue = value as string;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(stringValue) && s_toValue.ContainsKey(stringValue))
{
return s_toValue[stringValue];
}
return base.ConvertFrom(context, culture, value);
}
}
}
我真的很喜欢Jakub Šturc的答案,但它的缺点是不能与开关case语句一起使用。下面是他的回答的一个稍微修改的版本,可以与switch语句一起使用:
public sealed class AuthenticationMethod
{
#region This code never needs to change.
private readonly string _name;
public readonly Values Value;
private AuthenticationMethod(Values value, String name){
this._name = name;
this.Value = value;
}
public override String ToString(){
return _name;
}
#endregion
public enum Values
{
Forms = 1,
Windows = 2,
SSN = 3
}
public static readonly AuthenticationMethod FORMS = new AuthenticationMethod (Values.Forms, "FORMS");
public static readonly AuthenticationMethod WINDOWSAUTHENTICATION = new AuthenticationMethod (Values.Windows, "WINDOWS");
public static readonly AuthenticationMethod SINGLESIGNON = new AuthenticationMethod (Values.SSN, "SSN");
}
所以你得到了Jakub Šturc的答案的所有好处,另外我们可以像这样使用switch语句:
var authenticationMethodVariable = AuthenticationMethod.FORMS; // Set the "enum" value we want to use.
var methodName = authenticationMethodVariable.ToString(); // Get the user-friendly "name" of the "enum" value.
// Perform logic based on which "enum" value was chosen.
switch (authenticationMethodVariable.Value)
{
case authenticationMethodVariable.Values.Forms: // Do something
break;
case authenticationMethodVariable.Values.Windows: // Do something
break;
case authenticationMethodVariable.Values.SSN: // Do something
break;
}
我发现的Enums国际化或从各自的资源文件获取Enums文本的方法是通过继承DescriptionAttribute类创建一个属性类
public class EnumResourceAttribute : DescriptionAttribute
{
public Type ResourceType { get; private set; }
public string ResourceName { get; private set; }
public int SortOrder { get; private set; }
public EnumResourceAttribute(Type ResourceType,
string ResourceName,
int SortOrder)
{
this.ResourceType = ResourceType;
this.ResourceName = ResourceName;
this.SortOrder = SortOrder;
}
}
创建另一个Static类,为GetString和GetString提供扩展方法。
public static class EnumHelper
{
public static string GetString(this Enum value)
{
EnumResourceAttribute ea =
(EnumResourceAttribute)value.GetType().GetField(value.ToString())
.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(EnumResourceAttribute), false)
.FirstOrDefault();
if (ea != null)
{
PropertyInfo pi = ea.ResourceType
.GetProperty(CommonConstants.ResourceManager);
if (pi != null)
{
ResourceManager rm = (ResourceManager)pi
.GetValue(null, null);
return rm.GetString(ea.ResourceName);
}
}
return string.Empty;
}
public static IList GetStrings(this Type enumType)
{
List<string> stringList = new List<string>();
FieldInfo[] fiArray = enumType.GetFields();
foreach (FieldInfo fi in fiArray)
{
EnumResourceAttribute ea =
(EnumResourceAttribute)fi
.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(EnumResourceAttribute), false)
.FirstOrDefault();
if (ea != null)
{
PropertyInfo pi = ea.ResourceType
.GetProperty(CommonConstants.ResourceManager);
if (pi != null)
{
ResourceManager rm = (ResourceManager)pi
.GetValue(null, null);
stringList.Add(rm.GetString(ea.ResourceName));
}
}
}
return stringList.ToList();
}
}
在Enum的元素上,你可以这样写:
public enum Priority
{
[EnumResourceAttribute(typeof(Resources.AdviceModule), Resources.ResourceNames.AdviceCreateAdviceExternaPriorityMemberHigh, 1)]
High,
[EnumResourceAttribute(typeof(Resources.AdviceModule), Resources.ResourceNames.AdviceCreateAdviceExternaPriorityMemberRoutine, 2)]
Routine
}
Where Resources.ResourceNames.AdviceCreateAdviceExternaPriorityMemberHigh &
resources . resourcename . advicecreateadviceexternaprioritymemberroutine是资源文件中的常量,或者你可以说字符串,其值可以在不同的文化中可用。
如果你在MVC架构中实现你的web应用程序,那么创建一个属性
private IList result;
public IList Result
{
get
{
result = typeof(Priority).GetStrings();
return result;
}
}
在你的.cshtml文件中,你可以像这样将枚举绑定到你的下拉列表:
@Html.DropDownListFor(model => Model.vwClinicalInfo.Priority, new SelectList(Model.Result))
谢谢
Ratnesh
我使用了上述几个建议的组合,并结合了一些缓存。现在,我从网上找到的一些代码中得到了这个想法,但我既不记得是从哪里得到的,也不记得是怎么找到的。所以如果有人发现了一些相似的东西,请在归因处发表评论。
无论如何,使用涉及到类型转换器,所以如果你绑定到UI,它'只是工作'。您可以使用Jakub的模式进行扩展,通过从类型转换器初始化到静态方法来实现快速代码查找。
基本使用量是这样的
[TypeConverter(typeof(CustomEnumTypeConverter<MyEnum>))]
public enum MyEnum
{
// The custom type converter will use the description attribute
[Description("A custom description")]
ValueWithCustomDescription,
// This will be exposed exactly.
Exact
}
自定义枚举类型转换器的代码如下:
public class CustomEnumTypeConverter<T> : EnumConverter
where T : struct
{
private static readonly Dictionary<T,string> s_toString =
new Dictionary<T, string>();
private static readonly Dictionary<string, T> s_toValue =
new Dictionary<string, T>();
private static bool s_isInitialized;
static CustomEnumTypeConverter()
{
System.Diagnostics.Debug.Assert(typeof(T).IsEnum,
"The custom enum class must be used with an enum type.");
}
public CustomEnumTypeConverter() : base(typeof(T))
{
if (!s_isInitialized)
{
Initialize();
s_isInitialized = true;
}
}
protected void Initialize()
{
foreach (T item in Enum.GetValues(typeof(T)))
{
string description = GetDescription(item);
s_toString[item] = description;
s_toValue[description] = item;
}
}
private static string GetDescription(T optionValue)
{
var optionDescription = optionValue.ToString();
var optionInfo = typeof(T).GetField(optionDescription);
if (Attribute.IsDefined(optionInfo, typeof(DescriptionAttribute)))
{
var attribute =
(DescriptionAttribute)Attribute.
GetCustomAttribute(optionInfo, typeof(DescriptionAttribute));
return attribute.Description;
}
return optionDescription;
}
public override object ConvertTo(ITypeDescriptorContext context,
System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture,
object value, Type destinationType)
{
var optionValue = (T)value;
if (destinationType == typeof(string) &&
s_toString.ContainsKey(optionValue))
{
return s_toString[optionValue];
}
return base.ConvertTo(context, culture, value, destinationType);
}
public override object ConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext context,
System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture, object value)
{
var stringValue = value as string;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(stringValue) && s_toValue.ContainsKey(stringValue))
{
return s_toValue[stringValue];
}
return base.ConvertFrom(context, culture, value);
}
}
}
好吧,在阅读了以上所有内容后,我觉得这些家伙将枚举数转换为字符串的问题过于复杂了。
我喜欢在枚举字段上拥有属性的想法,但我认为属性主要用于元数据,但在你的情况下,我认为你所需要的只是某种本地化。
public enum Color
{ Red = 1, Green = 2, Blue = 3}
public static EnumUtils
{
public static string GetEnumResourceString(object enumValue)
{
Type enumType = enumValue.GetType();
string value = Enum.GetName(enumValue.GetType(), enumValue);
string resourceKey = String.Format("{0}_{1}", enumType.Name, value);
string result = Resources.Enums.ResourceManager.GetString(resourceKey);
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(result))
{
result = String.Format("{0}", value);
}
return result;
}
}
现在如果我们尝试调用上面的方法,我们可以这样调用它
public void Foo()
{
var col = Color.Red;
Console.WriteLine (EnumUtils.GetEnumResourceString (col));
}
您所需要做的就是创建一个包含所有枚举值和相应字符串的资源文件
Resource Name Resource Value
Color_Red My String Color in Red
Color_Blue Blueeey
Color_Green Hulk Color
这样做的好处是,如果您需要本地化应用程序,它将非常有用,因为您所需要做的只是用新语言创建另一个资源文件!和Voe-la !