当从代码中调用web资源时,一个常见的任务是构建一个包含所有必要参数的查询字符串。虽然这绝不是火箭科学,但有一些漂亮的细节需要注意,例如,如果不是第一个参数,则添加&,对参数进行编码等。
实现它的代码非常简单,但有点乏味:
StringBuilder SB = new StringBuilder();
if (NeedsToAddParameter A)
{
SB.Append("A="); SB.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode("TheValueOfA"));
}
if (NeedsToAddParameter B)
{
if (SB.Length>0) SB.Append("&");
SB.Append("B="); SB.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode("TheValueOfB")); }
}
这是一个非常常见的任务,人们希望存在一个实用工具类,使其更加优雅和可读。扫描MSDN,我没有找到一个,这让我想到了以下问题:
你所知道的最优雅干净的方法是什么?
虽然不够优雅,但我选择了一个更简单的版本,它不使用NameValueCollecitons——只是一个包装在StringBuilder周围的构建器模式。
public class UrlBuilder
{
#region Variables / Properties
private readonly StringBuilder _builder;
#endregion Variables / Properties
#region Constructor
public UrlBuilder(string urlBase)
{
_builder = new StringBuilder(urlBase);
}
#endregion Constructor
#region Methods
public UrlBuilder AppendParameter(string paramName, string value)
{
if (_builder.ToString().Contains("?"))
_builder.Append("&");
else
_builder.Append("?");
_builder.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(paramName));
_builder.Append("=");
_builder.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(value));
return this;
}
public override string ToString()
{
return _builder.ToString();
}
#endregion Methods
}
根据现有的答案,我确保使用HttpUtility。UrlEncode调用。它是这样使用的:
string url = new UrlBuilder("http://www.somedomain.com/")
.AppendParameter("a", "true")
.AppendParameter("b", "muffin")
.AppendParameter("c", "muffin button")
.ToString();
// Result: http://www.somedomain.com?a=true&b=muffin&c=muffin%20button
未经测试,但我认为沿着这些路线的东西会工作得很好
public class QueryString
{
private Dictionary<string,string> _Params = new Dictionary<string,string>();
public overide ToString()
{
List<string> returnParams = new List<string>();
foreach (KeyValuePair param in _Params)
{
returnParams.Add(String.Format("{0}={1}", param.Key, param.Value));
}
// return String.Format("?{0}", String.Join("&", returnParams.ToArray()));
// credit annakata
return "?" + String.Join("&", returnParams.ToArray());
}
public void Add(string key, string value)
{
_Params.Add(key, HttpUtility.UrlEncode(value));
}
}
QueryString query = new QueryString();
query.Add("param1", "value1");
query.Add("param2", "value2");
return query.ToString();
与已接受的解决方案相同,但转换为“点”LINQ语法…
private string ToQueryString(NameValueCollection nvc)
{
if (nvc == null) return String.Empty;
var queryParams =
string.Join("&", nvc.AllKeys.Select(key =>
string.Join("&", nvc.GetValues(key).Select(v => string.Format("{0}={1}", HttpUtility.UrlEncode(key), HttpUtility.UrlEncode(v))))));
return "?" + queryParams;
}
下面的代码是从ToString的HttpValueCollection实现中截取的,通过ILSpy,它会给你一个name=value querystring。
不幸的是,HttpValueCollection是一个内部类,只有当你使用HttpUtility.ParseQueryString()时才会返回。我删除了它的所有视图状态部分,它默认编码:
public static class HttpExtensions
{
public static string ToQueryString(this NameValueCollection collection)
{
// This is based off the NameValueCollection.ToString() implementation
int count = collection.Count;
if (count == 0)
return string.Empty;
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
string text = collection.GetKey(i);
text = HttpUtility.UrlEncodeUnicode(text);
string value = (text != null) ? (text + "=") : string.Empty;
string[] values = collection.GetValues(i);
if (stringBuilder.Length > 0)
{
stringBuilder.Append('&');
}
if (values == null || values.Length == 0)
{
stringBuilder.Append(value);
}
else
{
if (values.Length == 1)
{
stringBuilder.Append(value);
string text2 = values[0];
text2 = HttpUtility.UrlEncodeUnicode(text2);
stringBuilder.Append(text2);
}
else
{
for (int j = 0; j < values.Length; j++)
{
if (j > 0)
{
stringBuilder.Append('&');
}
stringBuilder.Append(value);
string text2 = values[j];
text2 = HttpUtility.UrlEncodeUnicode(text2);
stringBuilder.Append(text2);
}
}
}
}
return stringBuilder.ToString();
}
}