我想存储一个时间值,需要检索和编辑它。我如何使用SharedPreferences来做到这一点?
当前回答
存储信息
SharedPreferences preferences = getSharedPreferences(PREFS_NAME,Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = preferences.edit();
editor.putString("username", username.getText().toString());
editor.putString("password", password.getText().toString());
editor.putString("logged", "logged");
editor.commit();
重置您的首选项
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = preferences.edit();
editor.clear();
editor.commit();
其他回答
单例共享首选项类。这可能对将来的其他人有所帮助。
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
public class SharedPref
{
private static SharedPreferences mSharedPref;
public static final String NAME = "NAME";
public static final String AGE = "AGE";
public static final String IS_SELECT = "IS_SELECT";
private SharedPref()
{
}
public static void init(Context context)
{
if(mSharedPref == null)
mSharedPref = context.getSharedPreferences(context.getPackageName(), Activity.MODE_PRIVATE);
}
public static String read(String key, String defValue) {
return mSharedPref.getString(key, defValue);
}
public static void write(String key, String value) {
SharedPreferences.Editor prefsEditor = mSharedPref.edit();
prefsEditor.putString(key, value);
prefsEditor.commit();
}
public static boolean read(String key, boolean defValue) {
return mSharedPref.getBoolean(key, defValue);
}
public static void write(String key, boolean value) {
SharedPreferences.Editor prefsEditor = mSharedPref.edit();
prefsEditor.putBoolean(key, value);
prefsEditor.commit();
}
public static Integer read(String key, int defValue) {
return mSharedPref.getInt(key, defValue);
}
public static void write(String key, Integer value) {
SharedPreferences.Editor prefsEditor = mSharedPref.edit();
prefsEditor.putInt(key, value).commit();
}
}
只需在MainActivity上调用一次SharedPref.init()
SharedPref.init(getApplicationContext());
写入数据
SharedPref.write(SharedPref.NAME, "XXXX");//save string in shared preference.
SharedPref.write(SharedPref.AGE, 25);//save int in shared preference.
SharedPref.write(SharedPref.IS_SELECT, true);//save boolean in shared preference.
读取数据
String name = SharedPref.read(SharedPref.NAME, null);//read string in shared preference.
int age = SharedPref.read(SharedPref.AGE, 0);//read int in shared preference.
boolean isSelect = SharedPref.read(SharedPref.IS_SELECT, false);//read boolean in shared preference.
SharedPreferences的基本思想是将内容存储在XML文件中。
Declare your xml file path.(if you don't have this file, Android will create it. If you have this file, Android will access it.) SharedPreferences prefs = this.getSharedPreferences("com.example.app", Context.MODE_PRIVATE); Write value to Shared Preferences prefs.edit().putLong("preference_file_key", 1010101).apply(); the preference_file_key is the name of shared preference files. And the 1010101 is the value you need to store. apply() at last is to save the changes. If you get error from apply(), change it to commit(). So this alternative sentence is prefs.edit().putLong("preference_file_key", 1010101).commit(); Read from Shared Preferences SharedPreferences sp = this.getSharedPreferences("com.example.app", Context.MODE_PRIVATE); long lsp = sp.getLong("preference_file_key", -1); lsp will be -1 if preference_file_key has no value. If 'preference_file_key' has a value, it will return the value of this.
整个代码是
SharedPreferences prefs = this.getSharedPreferences("com.example.app", Context.MODE_PRIVATE); // Declare xml file
prefs.edit().putLong("preference_file_key", 1010101).apply(); // Write the value to key.
阅读的代码是
SharedPreferences sf = this.getSharedPreferences("com.example.app", Context.MODE_PRIVATE); // Declare xml file
long lsp = sp.getLong("preference_file_key", -1); // Read the key and store in lsp
要获得共享首选项,请使用以下方法 在活动中:
SharedPreferences prefs = this.getSharedPreferences(
"com.example.app", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
读取首选项:
String dateTimeKey = "com.example.app.datetime";
// use a default value using new Date()
long l = prefs.getLong(dateTimeKey, new Date().getTime());
编辑和保存首选项
Date dt = getSomeDate();
prefs.edit().putLong(dateTimeKey, dt.getTime()).apply();
android sdk的示例目录包含一个检索和存储共享首选项的示例。它位于:
<android-sdk-home>/samples/android-<platformversion>/ApiDemos directory
编辑= = >
我注意到,在这里写commit()和apply()之间的区别也很重要。
如果保存成功,Commit()返回true,否则返回false。它同步保存值到SharedPreferences。
Apply()是在2.3中添加的,无论成功还是失败都不返回任何值。它会立即将值保存到SharedPreferences,但会启动异步提交。 更多细节在这里。
最好的实践
创建命名为PreferenceManager的接口:
// Interface to save values in shared preferences and also for retrieve values from shared preferences
public interface PreferenceManager {
SharedPreferences getPreferences();
Editor editPreferences();
void setString(String key, String value);
String getString(String key);
void setBoolean(String key, boolean value);
boolean getBoolean(String key);
void setInteger(String key, int value);
int getInteger(String key);
void setFloat(String key, float value);
float getFloat(String key);
}
如何使用活动/片段:
public class HomeActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements PreferenceManager{
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout_activity_home);
}
@Override
public SharedPreferences getPreferences(){
return getSharedPreferences("SP_TITLE", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
}
@Override
public SharedPreferences.Editor editPreferences(){
return getPreferences().edit();
}
@Override
public void setString(String key, String value) {
editPreferences().putString(key, value).commit();
}
@Override
public String getString(String key) {
return getPreferences().getString(key, "");
}
@Override
public void setBoolean(String key, boolean value) {
editPreferences().putBoolean(key, value).commit();
}
@Override
public boolean getBoolean(String key) {
return getPreferences().getBoolean(key, false);
}
@Override
public void setInteger(String key, int value) {
editPreferences().putInt(key, value).commit();
}
@Override
public int getInteger(String key) {
return getPreferences().getInt(key, 0);
}
@Override
public void setFloat(String key, float value) {
editPreferences().putFloat(key, value).commit();
}
@Override
public float getFloat(String key) {
return getPreferences().getFloat(key, 0);
}
}
注意:用SP_TITLE替换你的SharedPreference键。
例子:
存储字符串在shareperence:
setString("my_key", "my_value");
从shareperence获取字符串:
String strValue = getString("my_key");
希望这对你有所帮助。
我为sharedpreferences写了一个helper类:
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
/**
* Created by mete_ on 23.12.2016.
*/
public class HelperSharedPref {
Context mContext;
public HelperSharedPref(Context mContext) {
this.mContext = mContext;
}
/**
*
* @param key Constant RC
* @param value Only String, Integer, Long, Float, Boolean types
*/
public void saveToSharedPref(String key, Object value) throws Exception {
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = mContext.getSharedPreferences(key, Context.MODE_PRIVATE).edit();
if (value instanceof String) {
editor.putString(key, (String) value);
} else if (value instanceof Integer) {
editor.putInt(key, (Integer) value);
} else if (value instanceof Long) {
editor.putLong(key, (Long) value);
} else if (value instanceof Float) {
editor.putFloat(key, (Float) value);
} else if (value instanceof Boolean) {
editor.putBoolean(key, (Boolean) value);
} else {
throw new Exception("Unacceptable object type");
}
editor.commit();
}
/**
* Return String
* @param key
* @return null default is null
*/
public String loadStringFromSharedPref(String key) throws Exception {
SharedPreferences prefs = mContext.getSharedPreferences(key, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
String restoredText = prefs.getString(key, null);
return restoredText;
}
/**
* Return int
* @param key
* @return null default is -1
*/
public Integer loadIntegerFromSharedPref(String key) throws Exception {
SharedPreferences prefs = mContext.getSharedPreferences(key, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
Integer restoredText = prefs.getInt(key, -1);
return restoredText;
}
/**
* Return float
* @param key
* @return null default is -1
*/
public Float loadFloatFromSharedPref(String key) throws Exception {
SharedPreferences prefs = mContext.getSharedPreferences(key, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
Float restoredText = prefs.getFloat(key, -1);
return restoredText;
}
/**
* Return long
* @param key
* @return null default is -1
*/
public Long loadLongFromSharedPref(String key) throws Exception {
SharedPreferences prefs = mContext.getSharedPreferences(key, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
Long restoredText = prefs.getLong(key, -1);
return restoredText;
}
/**
* Return boolean
* @param key
* @return null default is false
*/
public Boolean loadBooleanFromSharedPref(String key) throws Exception {
SharedPreferences prefs = mContext.getSharedPreferences(key, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
Boolean restoredText = prefs.getBoolean(key, false);
return restoredText;
}
}
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