我的变通方法是这样的:

public class DistinctType1IdValidation : ValidationAttribute
{
    private readonly DistinctValidator<Type1> validator;

    public DistinctIdValidation()
    {
        validator = new DistinctValidator<Type1>(x=>x.Id);
    }

    public override bool IsValid(object value)
    {
        return validator.IsValid(value);
    }
}

public class DistinctType2NameValidation : ValidationAttribute
{
    private readonly DistinctValidator<Type2> validator;

    public DistinctType2NameValidation()
    {
        validator = new DistinctValidator<Type2>(x=>x.Name);
    }

    public override bool IsValid(object value)
    {
        return validator.IsValid(value);
    }
}

...
[DataMember, DistinctType1IdValidation ]
public Type1[] Items { get; set; }

[DataMember, DistinctType2NameValidation ]
public Type2[] Items { get; set; }

这是一个非常好的问题。根据我使用属性的经验，我认为约束是合适的，因为当反射一个属性时，它会创建一个条件，在这种条件下，您必须检查所有可能的类型排列:typeof(Validates<string>)， typeof(Validates<SomeCustomType>)，等等……

在我看来，如果需要根据类型进行自定义验证，那么属性可能不是最好的方法。

也许采用SomeCustomValidationDelegate或ISomeCustomValidator作为参数的验证类是更好的方法。

这并不是真正的泛型，您仍然需要为每个类型编写特定的属性类，但是您可以使用泛型基本接口来编写一些防御性的代码，编写比其他需要的代码更少的代码，获得多态性的好处等。

//an interface which means it can't have its own implementation. 
//You might need to use extension methods on this interface for that.
public interface ValidatesAttribute<T>
{
    T Value { get; } //or whatever that is
    bool IsValid { get; } //etc
}

public class ValidatesStringAttribute : Attribute, ValidatesAttribute<string>
{
    //...
}
public class ValidatesIntAttribute : Attribute, ValidatesAttribute<int>
{
    //...
}

[ValidatesString]
public static class StringValidation
{

}
[ValidatesInt]
public static class IntValidation
{

}

泛型属性从c# 11开始可用。现在，这是可能的:

[GenericAttribute<int>()]
public int Method();

然而，这还不可能:

[GenericAttribute<T>()]
public int Method<T>(T param);

T在编译时是未知的。

同时,

The type arguments must satisfy the same restrictions as the typeof operator. Types that require metadata annotations aren't allowed. For example, the following types aren't allowed as the type parameter: dynamic string? (or any nullable reference type) (int X, int Y) (or any other tuple types using C# tuple syntax). These types aren't directly represented in metadata. They include annotations that describe the type. In all cases, you can use the underlying type instead: object for dynamic. string instead of string?. ValueTuple<int, int> instead of (int X, int Y).

来源:https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/whats-new/csharp-11 generic-attributes

属性在编译时修饰类，但泛型类直到运行时才接收其最终类型信息。因为属性会影响编译，所以它必须在编译时是“完整的”。

有关更多信息，请参阅MSDN文章。

我的变通方法是这样的:

public class DistinctType1IdValidation : ValidationAttribute
{
    private readonly DistinctValidator<Type1> validator;

    public DistinctIdValidation()
    {
        validator = new DistinctValidator<Type1>(x=>x.Id);
    }

    public override bool IsValid(object value)
    {
        return validator.IsValid(value);
    }
}

public class DistinctType2NameValidation : ValidationAttribute
{
    private readonly DistinctValidator<Type2> validator;

    public DistinctType2NameValidation()
    {
        validator = new DistinctValidator<Type2>(x=>x.Name);
    }

    public override bool IsValid(object value)
    {
        return validator.IsValid(value);
    }
}

...
[DataMember, DistinctType1IdValidation ]
public Type1[] Items { get; set; }

[DataMember, DistinctType2NameValidation ]
public Type2[] Items { get; set; }