我在一个文件中有一个大的位图(比如3888x2592)。现在,我想将位图大小调整为800x533,并将其保存到另一个文件中。 我通常通过调用bitmap来缩放位图。createBitmap方法,但它需要一个源位图作为第一个参数,我不能提供,因为加载原始图像到位图对象当然会超过内存(例如,见这里)。

我也不能读取位图,例如,BitmapFactory.decodeFile(文件,选项),提供BitmapFactory.Options。inSampleSize,因为我想把它调整到精确的宽度和高度。使用inSampleSize将位图大小调整为972x648(如果我使用inSampleSize=4)或778x518(如果我使用inSampleSize=5,这甚至不是2的幂)。

我还希望避免在第一步中使用inSampleSize读取图像,例如,在第一步中使用972x648,然后在第二步中将其大小调整为800x533,因为与直接调整原始图像的大小相比,质量会较差。

总结一下我的问题: 是否有一种方法来读取一个10MP或更多的大图像文件,并将其保存到一个新的图像文件,调整到一个特定的新宽度和高度,而不得到OutOfMemory异常?

我还尝试了BitmapFactory.decodeFile(文件,选项)和设置选项。out theight and Options。outidth值手动为800和533,但它不是这样工作的。


当前回答

这是一篇采用不同方法调整大小的文章。它将尝试根据进程中的可用内存将最大的位图加载到内存中,然后执行转换。

http://bricolsoftconsulting.com/2012/12/07/handling-large-images-on-android/

其他回答

为什么不使用API呢?

int h = 48; // height in pixels
int w = 48; // width in pixels    
Bitmap scaled = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(largeBitmap, w, h, true);

使用以下代码调整位图的大小

    public static Bitmap decodeFile(File file, int reqWidth, int reqHeight){

    // First decode with inJustDecodeBounds=true to check dimensions
    final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
    options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;        
    BitmapFactory.decodeFile(file.getPath(), options);

    // Calculate inSampleSize
    options.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options, reqWidth, reqHeight);

    // Decode bitmap with inSampleSize set
    options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
    return BitmapFactory.decodeFile(file.getPath(), options);
   }

    private static int calculateInSampleSize(
    BitmapFactory.Options options, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
    // Raw height and width of image
    final int height = options.outHeight;
    final int width = options.outWidth;
    int inSampleSize = 1;

    if (height > reqHeight || width > reqWidth) {

        // Calculate ratios of height and width to requested height and width
        final int heightRatio = Math.round((float) height / (float) reqHeight);
        final int widthRatio = Math.round((float) width / (float) reqWidth);

        // Choose the smallest ratio as inSampleSize value, this will guarantee
        // a final image with both dimensions larger than or equal to the
        // requested height and width.
        inSampleSize = heightRatio < widthRatio ? heightRatio : widthRatio;
     }

     return inSampleSize;
   }    

下面的提示/技巧也解释了这一点

http://www.codeproject.com/Tips/625810/Android-Image-Operations-Using-BitmapFactory

 Bitmap yourBitmap;
 Bitmap resized = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(yourBitmap, newWidth, newHeight, true);

or:

 resized = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(yourBitmap,(int)(yourBitmap.getWidth()*0.8), (int)(yourBitmap.getHeight()*0.8), true);

这是“Mojo Risin”和“Ofir”解决方案的“结合”。这将给你一个按比例调整图像的最大宽度和最大高度的边界。

它只读取元数据以获得原始大小(选项。 它使用粗略的调整大小来节省内存(itmap.createScaledBitmap) 它使用了基于之前创建的粗糙Bitamp精确调整大小的图像。

对我来说,它在500万像素以下的图像上表现良好。

try
{
    int inWidth = 0;
    int inHeight = 0;

    InputStream in = new FileInputStream(pathOfInputImage);

    // decode image size (decode metadata only, not the whole image)
    BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
    options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
    BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in, null, options);
    in.close();
    in = null;

    // save width and height
    inWidth = options.outWidth;
    inHeight = options.outHeight;

    // decode full image pre-resized
    in = new FileInputStream(pathOfInputImage);
    options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
    // calc rought re-size (this is no exact resize)
    options.inSampleSize = Math.max(inWidth/dstWidth, inHeight/dstHeight);
    // decode full image
    Bitmap roughBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in, null, options);

    // calc exact destination size
    Matrix m = new Matrix();
    RectF inRect = new RectF(0, 0, roughBitmap.getWidth(), roughBitmap.getHeight());
    RectF outRect = new RectF(0, 0, dstWidth, dstHeight);
    m.setRectToRect(inRect, outRect, Matrix.ScaleToFit.CENTER);
    float[] values = new float[9];
    m.getValues(values);

    // resize bitmap
    Bitmap resizedBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(roughBitmap, (int) (roughBitmap.getWidth() * values[0]), (int) (roughBitmap.getHeight() * values[4]), true);

    // save image
    try
    {
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(pathOfOutputImage);
        resizedBitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 80, out);
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {
        Log.e("Image", e.getMessage(), e);
    }
}
catch (IOException e)
{
    Log.e("Image", e.getMessage(), e);
}

下面是我使用的代码,在Android上解码内存中的大图像没有任何问题。我已经能够解码大于20MB的图像,只要我的输入参数在1024x1024左右。您可以将返回的位图保存到另一个文件中。下面这个方法是另一个方法,我也用它来缩放图像到一个新的位图。请随意使用此代码。

/*****************************************************************************
 * public decode - decode the image into a Bitmap
 * 
 * @param xyDimension
 *            - The max XY Dimension before the image is scaled down - XY =
 *            1080x1080 and Image = 2000x2000 image will be scaled down to a
 *            value equal or less then set value.
 * @param bitmapConfig
 *            - Bitmap.Config Valid values = ( Bitmap.Config.ARGB_4444,
 *            Bitmap.Config.RGB_565, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888 )
 * 
 * @return Bitmap - Image - a value of "null" if there is an issue decoding
 *         image dimension
 * 
 * @throws FileNotFoundException
 *             - If the image has been removed while this operation is
 *             taking place
 */
public Bitmap decode( int xyDimension, Bitmap.Config bitmapConfig ) throws FileNotFoundException
{
    // The Bitmap to return given a Uri to a file
    Bitmap bitmap = null;
    File file = null;
    FileInputStream fis = null;
    InputStream in = null;

    // Try to decode the Uri
    try
    {
        // Initialize scale to no real scaling factor
        double scale = 1;

        // Get FileInputStream to get a FileDescriptor
        file = new File( this.imageUri.getPath() );

        fis = new FileInputStream( file );
        FileDescriptor fd = fis.getFD();

        // Get a BitmapFactory Options object
        BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options();

        // Decode only the image size
        o.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        o.inPreferredConfig = bitmapConfig;

        // Decode to get Width & Height of image only
        BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor( fd, null, o );
        BitmapFactory.decodeStream( null );

        if( o.outHeight > xyDimension || o.outWidth > xyDimension )
        {
            // Change the scale if the image is larger then desired image
            // max size
            scale = Math.pow( 2, (int) Math.round( Math.log( xyDimension / (double) Math.max( o.outHeight, o.outWidth ) ) / Math.log( 0.5 ) ) );
        }

        // Decode with inSampleSize scale will either be 1 or calculated value
        o.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
        o.inSampleSize = (int) scale;

        // Decode the Uri for real with the inSampleSize
        in = new BufferedInputStream( fis );
        bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream( in, null, o );
    }
    catch( OutOfMemoryError e )
    {
        Log.e( DEBUG_TAG, "decode : OutOfMemoryError" );
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    catch( NullPointerException e )
    {
        Log.e( DEBUG_TAG, "decode : NullPointerException" );
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    catch( RuntimeException e )
    {
        Log.e( DEBUG_TAG, "decode : RuntimeException" );
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    catch( FileNotFoundException e )
    {
        Log.e( DEBUG_TAG, "decode : FileNotFoundException" );
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    catch( IOException e )
    {
        Log.e( DEBUG_TAG, "decode : IOException" );
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    // Save memory
    file = null;
    fis = null;
    in = null;

    return bitmap;

} // decode

注意:方法之间没有任何关系,除了createScaledBitmap调用上面的decode方法。注意宽度和高度可以改变原始图像。

/*****************************************************************************
 * public createScaledBitmap - Creates a new bitmap, scaled from an existing
 * bitmap.
 * 
 * @param dstWidth
 *            - Scale the width to this dimension
 * @param dstHeight
 *            - Scale the height to this dimension
 * @param xyDimension
 *            - The max XY Dimension before the original image is scaled
 *            down - XY = 1080x1080 and Image = 2000x2000 image will be
 *            scaled down to a value equal or less then set value.
 * @param bitmapConfig
 *            - Bitmap.Config Valid values = ( Bitmap.Config.ARGB_4444,
 *            Bitmap.Config.RGB_565, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888 )
 * 
 * @return Bitmap - Image scaled - a value of "null" if there is an issue
 * 
 */
public Bitmap createScaledBitmap( int dstWidth, int dstHeight, int xyDimension, Bitmap.Config bitmapConfig )
{
    Bitmap scaledBitmap = null;

    try
    {
        Bitmap bitmap = this.decode( xyDimension, bitmapConfig );

        // Create an empty Bitmap which will contain the new scaled bitmap
        // This scaled bitmap should be the size we want to scale the
        // original bitmap too
        scaledBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap( dstWidth, dstHeight, bitmapConfig );

        float ratioX = dstWidth / (float) bitmap.getWidth();
        float ratioY = dstHeight / (float) bitmap.getHeight();
        float middleX = dstWidth / 2.0f;
        float middleY = dstHeight / 2.0f;

        // Used to for scaling the image
        Matrix scaleMatrix = new Matrix();
        scaleMatrix.setScale( ratioX, ratioY, middleX, middleY );

        // Used to do the work of scaling
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas( scaledBitmap );
        canvas.setMatrix( scaleMatrix );
        canvas.drawBitmap( bitmap, middleX - bitmap.getWidth() / 2, middleY - bitmap.getHeight() / 2, new Paint( Paint.FILTER_BITMAP_FLAG ) );
    }
    catch( IllegalArgumentException e )
    {
        Log.e( DEBUG_TAG, "createScaledBitmap : IllegalArgumentException" );
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    catch( NullPointerException e )
    {
        Log.e( DEBUG_TAG, "createScaledBitmap : NullPointerException" );
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    catch( FileNotFoundException e )
    {
        Log.e( DEBUG_TAG, "createScaledBitmap : FileNotFoundException" );
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    return scaledBitmap;
} // End createScaledBitmap