如果你想一步调整大小你可以加载整个位图如果 android:largeHeap = true，但正如你所看到的，这是不可取的。

From docs: android:largeHeap Whether your application's processes should be created with a large Dalvik heap. This applies to all processes created for the application. It only applies to the first application loaded into a process; if you're using a shared user ID to allow multiple applications to use a process, they all must use this option consistently or they will have unpredictable results. Most apps should not need this and should instead focus on reducing their overall memory usage for improved performance. Enabling this also does not guarantee a fixed increase in available memory, because some devices are constrained by their total available memory.

为什么不使用API呢?

int h = 48; // height in pixels
int w = 48; // width in pixels    
Bitmap scaled = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(largeBitmap, w, h, true);

当我有大位图，我想解码他们调整大小我使用以下

BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
InputStream is = null;
is = new FileInputStream(path_to_file);
BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is,null,options);
is.close();
is = new FileInputStream(path_to_file);
// here w and h are the desired width and height
options.inSampleSize = Math.max(options.outWidth/w, options.outHeight/h);
// bitmap is the resized bitmap
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is,null,options);

下面是我使用的代码，在Android上解码内存中的大图像没有任何问题。我已经能够解码大于20MB的图像，只要我的输入参数在1024x1024左右。您可以将返回的位图保存到另一个文件中。下面这个方法是另一个方法，我也用它来缩放图像到一个新的位图。请随意使用此代码。

/*****************************************************************************
 * public decode - decode the image into a Bitmap
 * 
 * @param xyDimension
 *            - The max XY Dimension before the image is scaled down - XY =
 *            1080x1080 and Image = 2000x2000 image will be scaled down to a
 *            value equal or less then set value.
 * @param bitmapConfig
 *            - Bitmap.Config Valid values = ( Bitmap.Config.ARGB_4444,
 *            Bitmap.Config.RGB_565, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888 )
 * 
 * @return Bitmap - Image - a value of "null" if there is an issue decoding
 *         image dimension
 * 
 * @throws FileNotFoundException
 *             - If the image has been removed while this operation is
 *             taking place
 */
public Bitmap decode( int xyDimension, Bitmap.Config bitmapConfig ) throws FileNotFoundException
{
    // The Bitmap to return given a Uri to a file
    Bitmap bitmap = null;
    File file = null;
    FileInputStream fis = null;
    InputStream in = null;

    // Try to decode the Uri
    try
    {
        // Initialize scale to no real scaling factor
        double scale = 1;

        // Get FileInputStream to get a FileDescriptor
        file = new File( this.imageUri.getPath() );

        fis = new FileInputStream( file );
        FileDescriptor fd = fis.getFD();

        // Get a BitmapFactory Options object
        BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options();

        // Decode only the image size
        o.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        o.inPreferredConfig = bitmapConfig;

        // Decode to get Width & Height of image only
        BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor( fd, null, o );
        BitmapFactory.decodeStream( null );

        if( o.outHeight > xyDimension || o.outWidth > xyDimension )
        {
            // Change the scale if the image is larger then desired image
            // max size
            scale = Math.pow( 2, (int) Math.round( Math.log( xyDimension / (double) Math.max( o.outHeight, o.outWidth ) ) / Math.log( 0.5 ) ) );
        }

        // Decode with inSampleSize scale will either be 1 or calculated value
        o.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
        o.inSampleSize = (int) scale;

        // Decode the Uri for real with the inSampleSize
        in = new BufferedInputStream( fis );
        bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream( in, null, o );
    }
    catch( OutOfMemoryError e )
    {
        Log.e( DEBUG_TAG, "decode : OutOfMemoryError" );
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    catch( NullPointerException e )
    {
        Log.e( DEBUG_TAG, "decode : NullPointerException" );
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    catch( RuntimeException e )
    {
        Log.e( DEBUG_TAG, "decode : RuntimeException" );
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    catch( FileNotFoundException e )
    {
        Log.e( DEBUG_TAG, "decode : FileNotFoundException" );
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    catch( IOException e )
    {
        Log.e( DEBUG_TAG, "decode : IOException" );
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    // Save memory
    file = null;
    fis = null;
    in = null;

    return bitmap;

} // decode

注意:方法之间没有任何关系，除了createScaledBitmap调用上面的decode方法。注意宽度和高度可以改变原始图像。

/*****************************************************************************
 * public createScaledBitmap - Creates a new bitmap, scaled from an existing
 * bitmap.
 * 
 * @param dstWidth
 *            - Scale the width to this dimension
 * @param dstHeight
 *            - Scale the height to this dimension
 * @param xyDimension
 *            - The max XY Dimension before the original image is scaled
 *            down - XY = 1080x1080 and Image = 2000x2000 image will be
 *            scaled down to a value equal or less then set value.
 * @param bitmapConfig
 *            - Bitmap.Config Valid values = ( Bitmap.Config.ARGB_4444,
 *            Bitmap.Config.RGB_565, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888 )
 * 
 * @return Bitmap - Image scaled - a value of "null" if there is an issue
 * 
 */
public Bitmap createScaledBitmap( int dstWidth, int dstHeight, int xyDimension, Bitmap.Config bitmapConfig )
{
    Bitmap scaledBitmap = null;

    try
    {
        Bitmap bitmap = this.decode( xyDimension, bitmapConfig );

        // Create an empty Bitmap which will contain the new scaled bitmap
        // This scaled bitmap should be the size we want to scale the
        // original bitmap too
        scaledBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap( dstWidth, dstHeight, bitmapConfig );

        float ratioX = dstWidth / (float) bitmap.getWidth();
        float ratioY = dstHeight / (float) bitmap.getHeight();
        float middleX = dstWidth / 2.0f;
        float middleY = dstHeight / 2.0f;

        // Used to for scaling the image
        Matrix scaleMatrix = new Matrix();
        scaleMatrix.setScale( ratioX, ratioY, middleX, middleY );

        // Used to do the work of scaling
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas( scaledBitmap );
        canvas.setMatrix( scaleMatrix );
        canvas.drawBitmap( bitmap, middleX - bitmap.getWidth() / 2, middleY - bitmap.getHeight() / 2, new Paint( Paint.FILTER_BITMAP_FLAG ) );
    }
    catch( IllegalArgumentException e )
    {
        Log.e( DEBUG_TAG, "createScaledBitmap : IllegalArgumentException" );
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    catch( NullPointerException e )
    {
        Log.e( DEBUG_TAG, "createScaledBitmap : NullPointerException" );
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    catch( FileNotFoundException e )
    {
        Log.e( DEBUG_TAG, "createScaledBitmap : FileNotFoundException" );
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    return scaledBitmap;
} // End createScaledBitmap

不。我希望有人能纠正我，但我接受了你作为妥协尝试的加载/调整大小的方法。

下面是浏览网页的步骤:

计算最大可能的在samplesize仍然产生比你的目标更大的图像。 使用BitmapFactory.decodeFile(file, options)加载图像，传入samplesize作为选项。 使用Bitmap.createScaledBitmap()将大小调整到所需的尺寸。

我不知道我的解决方案是否是最佳实践，但我通过使用inDensity和inTargetDensity选项实现了加载我所需缩放的位图。当不加载可绘制资源时，inDensity初始值为0，因此此方法用于加载非资源图像。

变量imageUri, maxImageSideLength和context是我的方法的参数。为了清晰起见，我只发布了方法实现，没有包装AsyncTask。

            ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();
            InputStream is;
            try {
                is = resolver.openInputStream(imageUri);
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Image not found.", e);
                return null;
            }
            Options opts = new Options();
            opts.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
            BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is, null, opts);

            // scale the image
            float maxSideLength = maxImageSideLength;
            float scaleFactor = Math.min(maxSideLength / opts.outWidth, maxSideLength / opts.outHeight);
            // do not upscale!
            if (scaleFactor < 1) {
                opts.inDensity = 10000;
                opts.inTargetDensity = (int) ((float) opts.inDensity * scaleFactor);
            }
            opts.inJustDecodeBounds = false;

            try {
                is.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // ignore
            }
            try {
                is = resolver.openInputStream(imageUri);
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Image not found.", e);
                return null;
            }
            Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is, null, opts);
            try {
                is.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // ignore
            }

            return bitmap;