在下面的程序中,如果我将变量$foo设置为第一个if语句中的值1,它的工作原理是它的值被记住在if语句之后。然而,当我在while语句中的if语句中将相同的变量设置为值2时,在while循环之后就会被忘记。它的行为就像我在while循环中使用了变量$foo的某种副本,并且我只修改了这个特定的副本。下面是一个完整的测试程序:
#!/bin/bash
set -e
set -u
foo=0
bar="hello"
if [[ "$bar" == "hello" ]]
then
foo=1
echo "Setting \$foo to 1: $foo"
fi
echo "Variable \$foo after if statement: $foo"
lines="first line\nsecond line\nthird line"
echo -e $lines | while read line
do
if [[ "$line" == "second line" ]]
then
foo=2
echo "Variable \$foo updated to $foo inside if inside while loop"
fi
echo "Value of \$foo in while loop body: $foo"
done
echo "Variable \$foo after while loop: $foo"
# Output:
# $ ./testbash.sh
# Setting $foo to 1: 1
# Variable $foo after if statement: 1
# Value of $foo in while loop body: 1
# Variable $foo updated to 2 inside if inside while loop
# Value of $foo in while loop body: 2
# Value of $foo in while loop body: 2
# Variable $foo after while loop: 1
# bash --version
# GNU bash, version 4.1.10(4)-release (i686-pc-cygwin)