如果你想等待执行器服务完成执行，调用shutdown()，然后调用awaitterminate (units, unitType)，例如awaitterminate (1, MINUTE)。ExecutorService不会在它自己的监视器上阻塞，所以你不能使用wait等。

一个简单的替代方法是使用线程和join。 参考:连接线程

IllegalMonitorStateException的根本原因:

抛出该异常，表示线程试图等待对象的监视器，或通知其他线程等待对象的监视器而不拥有指定的监视器。

在代码中，您刚刚在ExecutorService上调用了wait()，但没有拥有锁。

下面的代码将修复IllegalMonitorStateException

try 
{
    synchronized(es){
        es.wait(); // Add some condition before you call wait()
    }
} 

遵循以下方法中的一种来等待所有已提交给ExecutorService的任务的完成。

Iterate through all Future tasks from submit on ExecutorService and check the status with blocking call get() on Future object Using invokeAll on ExecutorService Using CountDownLatch Using ForkJoinPool or newWorkStealingPool of Executors(since java 8) Shutdown the pool as recommended in oracle documentation page void shutdownAndAwaitTermination(ExecutorService pool) { pool.shutdown(); // Disable new tasks from being submitted try { // Wait a while for existing tasks to terminate if (!pool.awaitTermination(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) { pool.shutdownNow(); // Cancel currently executing tasks // Wait a while for tasks to respond to being cancelled if (!pool.awaitTermination(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) System.err.println("Pool did not terminate"); } } catch (InterruptedException ie) { // (Re-)Cancel if current thread also interrupted pool.shutdownNow(); // Preserve interrupt status Thread.currentThread().interrupt(); } If you want to gracefully wait for all tasks for completion when you are using option 5 instead of options 1 to 4, change if (!pool.awaitTermination(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) { to a while(condition) which checks for every 1 minute.

有几种方法。

您可以调用第一个ExecutorService。shutdown，然后ExecutorService。返回:

如果该执行程序终止，则为True;如果超时，则为false 在终止之前

So:

有一个叫awaitterminate的函数，但是必须有一个超时 它提供了。这并不能保证当它返回全部时 任务早就完成了。有办法实现这个目标吗?

你只需要在循环中调用awaitterminate。

使用awaitTermination:

这个实现的完整示例:

public class WaitForAllToEnd {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        final int total_threads = 4;
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(total_threads);
        for(int i = 0; i < total_threads; i++){
            executor.execute(parallelWork(100 + i * 100));
        }

        int count = 0;

        // This is the relevant part
        // Chose the delay most appropriate for your use case
        executor.shutdown();
        while (!executor.awaitTermination(100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
            System.out.println("Waiting "+ count);
            count++;
        }
    }

    private static Runnable parallelWork(long sleepMillis) {
        return () -> {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(sleepMillis);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                // Do Something
            }
            System.out.println("I am Thread : " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
        };
    }
}

使用CountDownLatch:

另一种选择是创建CountDownLatch，其计数等于并行任务的数量。每个线程调用countDownLatch.countDown();，而主线程调用countDownLatch.await();。

这个实现的完整示例:

public class WaitForAllToEnd {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        final int total_threads = 4;
        CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(total_threads);
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(total_threads);
        for(int i = 0; i < total_threads; i++){
            executor.execute(parallelWork(100 + i * 100, countDownLatch));
        }
        countDownLatch.await();
        System.out.println("Exit");
        executor.shutdown();
    }

    private static Runnable parallelWork(long sleepMillis, CountDownLatch countDownLatch) {
        return () -> {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(sleepMillis);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                // Do Something
            }
            System.out.println("I am Thread : " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
            countDownLatch.countDown();
        };
    }
}

使用CyclicBarrier:

另一种方法是使用循环屏障

public class WaitForAllToEnd {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, BrokenBarrierException {
        final int total_threads = 4;
        CyclicBarrier barrier = new CyclicBarrier(total_threads+ 1);
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(total_threads);
        for(int i = 0; i < total_threads; i++){
            executor.execute(parallelWork(100 + i * 100, barrier));
        }
        barrier.await();
        System.out.println("Exit");
        executor.shutdown();
    }

    private static Runnable parallelWork(long sleepMillis, CyclicBarrier barrier) {
        return () -> {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(sleepMillis);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                // Do Something
            }
            System.out.println("I am Thread : " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
            try {
                barrier.await();
            } catch (InterruptedException | BrokenBarrierException e) {
              // Do something
            }
        };
    }
}

还有其他方法，但这些方法需要对您的初始需求进行更改，即:

当任务提交时，如何等待所有任务完成 使用ExecutorService.execute()。

如果您希望等待所有任务完成，请使用关机方法而不是等待。然后在后面加上awaitterminate。

此外，您还可以使用Runtime。availableProcessors来获取硬件线程的数量，以便正确地初始化线程池。

我将等待执行程序以您认为适合任务完成的指定超时终止。

 try {  
         //do stuff here 
         exe.execute(thread);
    } finally {
        exe.shutdown();
    }
    boolean result = exe.awaitTermination(4, TimeUnit.HOURS);
    if (!result)

    {
        LOGGER.error("It took more than 4 hour for the executor to stop, this shouldn't be the normal behaviour.");
    }