等待ExecutorService所有任务完成的最简单方法是什么?我的任务主要是计算性的,所以我只想运行大量的作业——每个核心上都有一个。现在我的设置是这样的:

ExecutorService es = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
for (DataTable singleTable : uniquePhrases) {   
    es.execute(new ComputeDTask(singleTable));
}
try{
    es.wait();
} 
catch (InterruptedException e){
    e.printStackTrace();
}

ComputeDTask实现了runnable。这似乎正确地执行了任务,但代码在wait()时崩溃,并出现IllegalMonitorStateException。这是奇怪的,因为我玩了一些玩具的例子,它似乎工作。

uniquePhrases包含数万个元素。我应该用另一种方法吗?我在寻找一些尽可能简单的东西


当前回答

有几种方法。

您可以调用第一个ExecutorService。shutdown,然后ExecutorService。返回:

如果该执行程序终止,则为True;如果超时,则为false 在终止之前

So:

有一个叫awaitterminate的函数,但是必须有一个超时 它提供了。这并不能保证当它返回全部时 任务早就完成了。有办法实现这个目标吗?

你只需要在循环中调用awaitterminate。

使用awaitTermination:

这个实现的完整示例:

public class WaitForAllToEnd {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        final int total_threads = 4;
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(total_threads);
        for(int i = 0; i < total_threads; i++){
            executor.execute(parallelWork(100 + i * 100));
        }

        int count = 0;

        // This is the relevant part
        // Chose the delay most appropriate for your use case
        executor.shutdown();
        while (!executor.awaitTermination(100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
            System.out.println("Waiting "+ count);
            count++;
        }
    }

    private static Runnable parallelWork(long sleepMillis) {
        return () -> {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(sleepMillis);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                // Do Something
            }
            System.out.println("I am Thread : " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
        };
    }
}

使用CountDownLatch:

另一种选择是创建CountDownLatch,其计数等于并行任务的数量。每个线程调用countDownLatch.countDown();,而主线程调用countDownLatch.await();。

这个实现的完整示例:

public class WaitForAllToEnd {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        final int total_threads = 4;
        CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(total_threads);
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(total_threads);
        for(int i = 0; i < total_threads; i++){
            executor.execute(parallelWork(100 + i * 100, countDownLatch));
        }
        countDownLatch.await();
        System.out.println("Exit");
        executor.shutdown();
    }

    private static Runnable parallelWork(long sleepMillis, CountDownLatch countDownLatch) {
        return () -> {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(sleepMillis);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                // Do Something
            }
            System.out.println("I am Thread : " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
            countDownLatch.countDown();
        };
    }
}

使用CyclicBarrier:

另一种方法是使用循环屏障

public class WaitForAllToEnd {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, BrokenBarrierException {
        final int total_threads = 4;
        CyclicBarrier barrier = new CyclicBarrier(total_threads+ 1);
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(total_threads);
        for(int i = 0; i < total_threads; i++){
            executor.execute(parallelWork(100 + i * 100, barrier));
        }
        barrier.await();
        System.out.println("Exit");
        executor.shutdown();
    }

    private static Runnable parallelWork(long sleepMillis, CyclicBarrier barrier) {
        return () -> {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(sleepMillis);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                // Do Something
            }
            System.out.println("I am Thread : " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
            try {
                barrier.await();
            } catch (InterruptedException | BrokenBarrierException e) {
              // Do something
            }
        };
    }
}

还有其他方法,但这些方法需要对您的初始需求进行更改,即:

当任务提交时,如何等待所有任务完成 使用ExecutorService.execute()。

其他回答

一个简单的替代方法是使用线程和join。 参考:连接线程

这个怎么样?

Object lock = new Object();
CountDownLatch cdl = new CountDownLatch(threadNum);
for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
    executorService.execute(() -> {

        synchronized (lock) {
            cdl.countDown();
            try {
                lock.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
            }
        }
    });
}
cdl.await();
synchronized (lock) {
    lock.notifyAll();
}

如果您没有向ExecutorService添加新任务,这可能会等待所有当前任务完成

我还有一种情况,我有一组文档要爬取。我从一个应该被处理的初始“种子”文档开始,该文档包含到其他也应该被处理的文档的链接,等等。

在我的主程序中,我只想写如下所示的东西,其中Crawler控制了一堆线程。

Crawler c = new Crawler();
c.schedule(seedDocument); 
c.waitUntilCompletion()

如果我想在一棵树上导航,同样的情况也会发生;我将插入根节点,每个节点的处理器将根据需要向队列中添加子节点,一堆线程将处理树中的所有节点,直到没有更多的节点为止。

我在JVM中找不到任何东西,我觉得这有点令人惊讶。所以我写了一个类ThreadPool,一个可以直接使用或子类添加适合域的方法,例如schedule(Document)。希望能有所帮助!

ThreadPool Javadoc | Maven

我将等待执行程序以您认为适合任务完成的指定超时终止。

 try {  
         //do stuff here 
         exe.execute(thread);
    } finally {
        exe.shutdown();
    }
    boolean result = exe.awaitTermination(4, TimeUnit.HOURS);
    if (!result)

    {
        LOGGER.error("It took more than 4 hour for the executor to stop, this shouldn't be the normal behaviour.");
    }

有几种方法。

您可以调用第一个ExecutorService。shutdown,然后ExecutorService。返回:

如果该执行程序终止,则为True;如果超时,则为false 在终止之前

So:

有一个叫awaitterminate的函数,但是必须有一个超时 它提供了。这并不能保证当它返回全部时 任务早就完成了。有办法实现这个目标吗?

你只需要在循环中调用awaitterminate。

使用awaitTermination:

这个实现的完整示例:

public class WaitForAllToEnd {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        final int total_threads = 4;
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(total_threads);
        for(int i = 0; i < total_threads; i++){
            executor.execute(parallelWork(100 + i * 100));
        }

        int count = 0;

        // This is the relevant part
        // Chose the delay most appropriate for your use case
        executor.shutdown();
        while (!executor.awaitTermination(100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
            System.out.println("Waiting "+ count);
            count++;
        }
    }

    private static Runnable parallelWork(long sleepMillis) {
        return () -> {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(sleepMillis);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                // Do Something
            }
            System.out.println("I am Thread : " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
        };
    }
}

使用CountDownLatch:

另一种选择是创建CountDownLatch,其计数等于并行任务的数量。每个线程调用countDownLatch.countDown();,而主线程调用countDownLatch.await();。

这个实现的完整示例:

public class WaitForAllToEnd {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        final int total_threads = 4;
        CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(total_threads);
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(total_threads);
        for(int i = 0; i < total_threads; i++){
            executor.execute(parallelWork(100 + i * 100, countDownLatch));
        }
        countDownLatch.await();
        System.out.println("Exit");
        executor.shutdown();
    }

    private static Runnable parallelWork(long sleepMillis, CountDownLatch countDownLatch) {
        return () -> {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(sleepMillis);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                // Do Something
            }
            System.out.println("I am Thread : " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
            countDownLatch.countDown();
        };
    }
}

使用CyclicBarrier:

另一种方法是使用循环屏障

public class WaitForAllToEnd {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, BrokenBarrierException {
        final int total_threads = 4;
        CyclicBarrier barrier = new CyclicBarrier(total_threads+ 1);
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(total_threads);
        for(int i = 0; i < total_threads; i++){
            executor.execute(parallelWork(100 + i * 100, barrier));
        }
        barrier.await();
        System.out.println("Exit");
        executor.shutdown();
    }

    private static Runnable parallelWork(long sleepMillis, CyclicBarrier barrier) {
        return () -> {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(sleepMillis);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                // Do Something
            }
            System.out.println("I am Thread : " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
            try {
                barrier.await();
            } catch (InterruptedException | BrokenBarrierException e) {
              // Do something
            }
        };
    }
}

还有其他方法,但这些方法需要对您的初始需求进行更改,即:

当任务提交时,如何等待所有任务完成 使用ExecutorService.execute()。