如果你使用pandas，有一个函数隐藏在pandas.io.json中。_normalize1调用nested_to_record来完成这个操作。

from pandas.io.json._normalize import nested_to_record    

flat = nested_to_record(my_dict, sep='_')

1在熊猫0.24版本。X及以上版本使用panda .io.json.normalize(不带_)

这是一种“功能性的”、“单行程序”实现。它是递归的，基于条件表达式和字典理解。

def flatten_dict(dd, separator='_', prefix=''):
    return { prefix + separator + k if prefix else k : v
             for kk, vv in dd.items()
             for k, v in flatten_dict(vv, separator, kk).items()
             } if isinstance(dd, dict) else { prefix : dd }

测试:

In [2]: flatten_dict({'abc':123, 'hgf':{'gh':432, 'yu':433}, 'gfd':902, 'xzxzxz':{"432":{'0b0b0b':231}, "43234":1321}}, '.')
Out[2]: 
{'abc': 123,
 'gfd': 902,
 'hgf.gh': 432,
 'hgf.yu': 433,
 'xzxzxz.432.0b0b0b': 231,
 'xzxzxz.43234': 1321}

如果你想要平嵌套的字典，并想要所有唯一的键列表，那么这里是解决方案:

def flat_dict_return_unique_key(data, unique_keys=set()):
    if isinstance(data, dict):
        [unique_keys.add(i) for i in data.keys()]
        for each_v in data.values():
            if isinstance(each_v, dict):
                flat_dict_return_unique_key(each_v, unique_keys)
    return list(set(unique_keys))

def flatten_nested_dict(_dict, _str=''):
    '''
    recursive function to flatten a nested dictionary json
    '''
    ret_dict = {}
    for k, v in _dict.items():
        if isinstance(v, dict):
            ret_dict.update(flatten_nested_dict(v, _str = '_'.join([_str, k]).strip('_')))
        elif isinstance(v, list):
            for index, item in enumerate(v):
                if isinstance(item, dict):
                    ret_dict.update(flatten_nested_dict(item,  _str= '_'.join([_str, k, str(index)]).strip('_')))
                else:
                    ret_dict['_'.join([_str, k, str(index)]).strip('_')] = item
        else:
            ret_dict['_'.join([_str, k]).strip('_')] = v
    return ret_dict

使用生成器的Python 3.3解决方案:

def flattenit(pyobj, keystring=''):
   if type(pyobj) is dict:
     if (type(pyobj) is dict):
         keystring = keystring + "_" if keystring else keystring
         for k in pyobj:
             yield from flattenit(pyobj[k], keystring + k)
     elif (type(pyobj) is list):
         for lelm in pyobj:
             yield from flatten(lelm, keystring)
   else:
      yield keystring, pyobj

my_obj = {'a': 1, 'c': {'a': 2, 'b': {'x': 5, 'y': 10}}, 'd': [1, 2, 3]}

#your flattened dictionary object
flattened={k:v for k,v in flattenit(my_obj)}
print(flattened)

# result: {'c_b_y': 10, 'd': [1, 2, 3], 'c_a': 2, 'a': 1, 'c_b_x': 5}

这一变化扁平化嵌套字典，压缩键与max_level和自定义减速器。

  def flatten(d, max_level=None, reducer='tuple'):
      if reducer == 'tuple':
          reducer_seed = tuple()
          reducer_func = lambda x, y: (*x, y)
      else:
          raise ValueError(f'Unknown reducer: {reducer}')

      def impl(d, pref, level):
        return reduce(
            lambda new_d, kv:
                (max_level is None or level < max_level)
                and isinstance(kv[1], dict)
                and {**new_d, **impl(kv[1], reducer_func(pref, kv[0]), level + 1)}
                or {**new_d, reducer_func(pref, kv[0]): kv[1]},
                d.items(),
            {}
        )

      return impl(d, reducer_seed, 0)