我试图使用Java使用SFTP(而不是FTPS)从服务器检索一个文件。我该怎么做呢?
当前回答
尝试edtFTPj/PRO，这是一个成熟、健壮的SFTP客户端库，支持连接池和异步操作。还支持FTP和FTPS，因此安全文件传输的所有基础都包括在内。
其他回答
另一种选择是考虑查看JSch库。JSch似乎是一些大型开源项目的首选库，包括Eclipse、Ant和Apache Commons HttpClient等等。
它很好地支持用户/通行证和基于证书的登录，以及所有其他漂亮的SSH2特性。
这是一个简单的远程文件检索SFTP。错误处理留给读者练习:-)
JSch jsch = new JSch();
String knownHostsFilename = "/home/username/.ssh/known_hosts";
jsch.setKnownHosts( knownHostsFilename );
Session session = jsch.getSession( "remote-username", "remote-host" );
{
// "interactive" version
// can selectively update specified known_hosts file
// need to implement UserInfo interface
// MyUserInfo is a swing implementation provided in
// examples/Sftp.java in the JSch dist
UserInfo ui = new MyUserInfo();
session.setUserInfo(ui);
// OR non-interactive version. Relies in host key being in known-hosts file
session.setPassword( "remote-password" );
}
session.connect();
Channel channel = session.openChannel( "sftp" );
channel.connect();
ChannelSftp sftpChannel = (ChannelSftp) channel;
sftpChannel.get("remote-file", "local-file" );
// OR
InputStream in = sftpChannel.get( "remote-file" );
// process inputstream as needed
sftpChannel.exit();
session.disconnect();
有3个成熟的用于SFTP的Java库:Commons VFS、SSHJ和JSch
总而言之，如果你不需要Commons VFS提供的其他存储支持，那么SSHJ具有最清晰的API，是其中最好的API。
下面是从github编辑的SSHJ示例:
final SSHClient ssh = new SSHClient();
ssh.loadKnownHosts(); // or, to skip host verification: ssh.addHostKeyVerifier(new PromiscuousVerifier())
ssh.connect("localhost");
try {
ssh.authPassword("user", "password"); // or ssh.authPublickey(System.getProperty("user.name"))
final SFTPClient sftp = ssh.newSFTPClient();
try {
sftp.get("test_file", "/tmp/test.tmp");
} finally {
sftp.close();
}
} finally {
ssh.disconnect();
}
参见http://www.mysamplecode.com/2013/06/sftp-apache-commons-file-download.html
Apache Commons SFTP库
所有示例的公共java属性文件
服务器地址=111.222.333.444
userId = myUserId
密码= myPassword
remoteDirectory =产品/
本地目录=导入/
使用SFTP上传文件到远程服务器
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.FileObject;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.FileSystemOptions;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.Selectors;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.impl.StandardFileSystemManager;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.provider.sftp.SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder;
public class SendMyFiles {
static Properties props;
public static void main(String[] args) {
SendMyFiles sendMyFiles = new SendMyFiles();
if (args.length < 1)
{
System.err.println("Usage: java " + sendMyFiles.getClass().getName()+
" Properties_file File_To_FTP ");
System.exit(1);
}
String propertiesFile = args[0].trim();
String fileToFTP = args[1].trim();
sendMyFiles.startFTP(propertiesFile, fileToFTP);
}
public boolean startFTP(String propertiesFilename, String fileToFTP){
props = new Properties();
StandardFileSystemManager manager = new StandardFileSystemManager();
try {
props.load(new FileInputStream("properties/" + propertiesFilename));
String serverAddress = props.getProperty("serverAddress").trim();
String userId = props.getProperty("userId").trim();
String password = props.getProperty("password").trim();
String remoteDirectory = props.getProperty("remoteDirectory").trim();
String localDirectory = props.getProperty("localDirectory").trim();
//check if the file exists
String filepath = localDirectory + fileToFTP;
File file = new File(filepath);
if (!file.exists())
throw new RuntimeException("Error. Local file not found");
//Initializes the file manager
manager.init();
//Setup our SFTP configuration
FileSystemOptions opts = new FileSystemOptions();
SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setStrictHostKeyChecking(
opts, "no");
SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setUserDirIsRoot(opts, true);
SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setTimeout(opts, 10000);
//Create the SFTP URI using the host name, userid, password, remote path and file name
String sftpUri = "sftp://" + userId + ":" + password + "@" + serverAddress + "/" +
remoteDirectory + fileToFTP;
// Create local file object
FileObject localFile = manager.resolveFile(file.getAbsolutePath());
// Create remote file object
FileObject remoteFile = manager.resolveFile(sftpUri, opts);
// Copy local file to sftp server
remoteFile.copyFrom(localFile, Selectors.SELECT_SELF);
System.out.println("File upload successful");
}
catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
finally {
manager.close();
}
return true;
}
}
使用SFTP从远程服务器下载文件
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.FileObject;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.FileSystemOptions;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.Selectors;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.impl.StandardFileSystemManager;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.provider.sftp.SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder;
public class GetMyFiles {
static Properties props;
public static void main(String[] args) {
GetMyFiles getMyFiles = new GetMyFiles();
if (args.length < 1)
{
System.err.println("Usage: java " + getMyFiles.getClass().getName()+
" Properties_filename File_To_Download ");
System.exit(1);
}
String propertiesFilename = args[0].trim();
String fileToDownload = args[1].trim();
getMyFiles.startFTP(propertiesFilename, fileToDownload);
}
public boolean startFTP(String propertiesFilename, String fileToDownload){
props = new Properties();
StandardFileSystemManager manager = new StandardFileSystemManager();
try {
props.load(new FileInputStream("properties/" + propertiesFilename));
String serverAddress = props.getProperty("serverAddress").trim();
String userId = props.getProperty("userId").trim();
String password = props.getProperty("password").trim();
String remoteDirectory = props.getProperty("remoteDirectory").trim();
String localDirectory = props.getProperty("localDirectory").trim();
//Initializes the file manager
manager.init();
//Setup our SFTP configuration
FileSystemOptions opts = new FileSystemOptions();
SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setStrictHostKeyChecking(
opts, "no");
SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setUserDirIsRoot(opts, true);
SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setTimeout(opts, 10000);
//Create the SFTP URI using the host name, userid, password, remote path and file name
String sftpUri = "sftp://" + userId + ":" + password + "@" + serverAddress + "/" +
remoteDirectory + fileToDownload;
// Create local file object
String filepath = localDirectory + fileToDownload;
File file = new File(filepath);
FileObject localFile = manager.resolveFile(file.getAbsolutePath());
// Create remote file object
FileObject remoteFile = manager.resolveFile(sftpUri, opts);
// Copy local file to sftp server
localFile.copyFrom(remoteFile, Selectors.SELECT_SELF);
System.out.println("File download successful");
}
catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
finally {
manager.close();
}
return true;
}
}
使用SFTP删除远程服务器上的文件
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.FileObject;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.FileSystemOptions;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.impl.StandardFileSystemManager;
import org.apache.commons.vfs2.provider.sftp.SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder;
public class DeleteRemoteFile {
static Properties props;
public static void main(String[] args) {
DeleteRemoteFile getMyFiles = new DeleteRemoteFile();
if (args.length < 1)
{
System.err.println("Usage: java " + getMyFiles.getClass().getName()+
" Properties_filename File_To_Delete ");
System.exit(1);
}
String propertiesFilename = args[0].trim();
String fileToDownload = args[1].trim();
getMyFiles.startFTP(propertiesFilename, fileToDownload);
}
public boolean startFTP(String propertiesFilename, String fileToDownload){
props = new Properties();
StandardFileSystemManager manager = new StandardFileSystemManager();
try {
props.load(new FileInputStream("properties/" + propertiesFilename));
String serverAddress = props.getProperty("serverAddress").trim();
String userId = props.getProperty("userId").trim();
String password = props.getProperty("password").trim();
String remoteDirectory = props.getProperty("remoteDirectory").trim();
//Initializes the file manager
manager.init();
//Setup our SFTP configuration
FileSystemOptions opts = new FileSystemOptions();
SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setStrictHostKeyChecking(
opts, "no");
SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setUserDirIsRoot(opts, true);
SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setTimeout(opts, 10000);
//Create the SFTP URI using the host name, userid, password, remote path and file name
String sftpUri = "sftp://" + userId + ":" + password + "@" + serverAddress + "/" +
remoteDirectory + fileToDownload;
//Create remote file object
FileObject remoteFile = manager.resolveFile(sftpUri, opts);
//Check if the file exists
if(remoteFile.exists()){
remoteFile.delete();
System.out.println("File delete successful");
}
}
catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
finally {
manager.close();
}
return true;
}
}
JSch库是一个功能强大的库，可以用来从SFTP服务器读取文件。下面是逐行从SFTP位置读取文件的测试代码
JSch jsch = new JSch();
Session session = null;
try {
session = jsch.getSession("user", "127.0.0.1", 22);
session.setConfig("StrictHostKeyChecking", "no");
session.setPassword("password");
session.connect();
Channel channel = session.openChannel("sftp");
channel.connect();
ChannelSftp sftpChannel = (ChannelSftp) channel;
InputStream stream = sftpChannel.get("/usr/home/testfile.txt");
try {
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream));
String line;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println(line);
}
} catch (IOException io) {
System.out.println("Exception occurred during reading file from SFTP server due to " + io.getMessage());
io.getMessage();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Exception occurred during reading file from SFTP server due to " + e.getMessage());
e.getMessage();
}
sftpChannel.exit();
session.disconnect();
} catch (JSchException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SftpException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
整个节目请参考博客。
尝试edtFTPj/PRO，这是一个成熟、健壮的SFTP客户端库，支持连接池和异步操作。还支持FTP和FTPS，因此安全文件传输的所有基础都包括在内。
推荐文章
- Java 8接口方法中不允许“同步”的原因是什么?
- 如何找到Java堆大小和内存使用(Linux)?
- 使用Enum实现单例(Java)
- RabbitMQ与通道和连接之间的关系
- buildSessionFactory()配置方法在Hibernate中已弃用?
- Spring MVC -如何获得所有的请求参数在一个地图在Spring控制器?
- 如何在Java中按两个字段排序?
- 文件之间的差异。路径中的分隔符和斜杠
- 在方法参数中使用NotNull注释
- Spring MVC中处理可选参数的@RequestParam
- Tomcat:如何查找正在运行的Tomcat版本?
- “java”、“javaw”和“javaws”之间有什么区别?
- 将Date对象转换为日历对象
- 在Java中保存最后N个元素的大小有限的队列
- 如何运行一个类从Jar不是主类在其清单文件
