今天晚上，我遇到了一种情况，我认为我必须检查str类型，但事实证明我没有。

我的解决问题的方法可能在许多情况下都有效，所以我在下面提供它，以防其他人对这个问题感兴趣(仅限Python 3)。

# NOTE: fields is an object that COULD be any number of things, including:
# - a single string-like object
# - a string-like object that needs to be converted to a sequence of 
# string-like objects at some separator, sep
# - a sequence of string-like objects
def getfields(*fields, sep=' ', validator=lambda f: True):
    '''Take a field sequence definition and yield from a validated
     field sequence. Accepts a string, a string with separators, 
     or a sequence of strings'''
    if fields:
        try:
            # single unpack in the case of a single argument
            fieldseq, = fields
            try:
                # convert to string sequence if string
                fieldseq = fieldseq.split(sep)
            except AttributeError:
                # not a string; assume other iterable
                pass
        except ValueError:
            # not a single argument and not a string
            fieldseq = fields
        invalid_fields = [field for field in fieldseq if not validator(field)]
        if invalid_fields:
            raise ValueError('One or more field names is invalid:\n'
                             '{!r}'.format(invalid_fields))
    else:
        raise ValueError('No fields were provided')
    try:
        yield from fieldseq
    except TypeError as e:
        raise ValueError('Single field argument must be a string'
                         'or an interable') from e

一些测试:

from . import getfields

def test_getfields_novalidation():
    result = ['a', 'b']
    assert list(getfields('a b')) == result
    assert list(getfields('a,b', sep=',')) == result
    assert list(getfields('a', 'b')) == result
    assert list(getfields(['a', 'b'])) == result

Python 2

对于测试对象obj，使用isinstance(obj, basestring)。

文档。

Python 2

检查对象o是否是字符串类型的子类的字符串类型:

isinstance(o, basestring)

因为STR和unicode都是basestring的子类。

要检查o的类型是否恰好是str:

type(o) is str

检查o是否是str的实例或str的任何子类:

isinstance(o, str)

如果将str替换为Unicode，上述方法也适用于Unicode字符串。

但是，您可能根本不需要进行显式类型检查。“鸭子打字”可能适合你的需要。见http://docs.python.org/glossary.html # term-duck-typing。

参见python中检查类型的规范方法是什么?

你可以通过连接一个空字符串来测试它:

def is_string(s):
  try:
    s += ''
  except:
    return False
  return True

编辑:

更正我的回答后的评论指出，这失败与列表

def is_string(s):
  return isinstance(s, basestring)

我认为可以安全地假设，如果repr()输出的最后一个字符是'或'，那么无论它是什么，它都可以被认为是某种字符串。

def isStr(o):
    return repr(o)[-1] in '\'"'

我假设repr不会做任何太繁重的事情，它会返回一个至少有一个字符的字符串。您可以使用类似的方法来支持空字符串

repr(o)[-1:].replace('"', "'") == "'"

但这仍然假设repr返回一个字符串。

今天晚上，我遇到了一种情况，我认为我必须检查str类型，但事实证明我没有。

我的解决问题的方法可能在许多情况下都有效，所以我在下面提供它，以防其他人对这个问题感兴趣(仅限Python 3)。

# NOTE: fields is an object that COULD be any number of things, including:
# - a single string-like object
# - a string-like object that needs to be converted to a sequence of 
# string-like objects at some separator, sep
# - a sequence of string-like objects
def getfields(*fields, sep=' ', validator=lambda f: True):
    '''Take a field sequence definition and yield from a validated
     field sequence. Accepts a string, a string with separators, 
     or a sequence of strings'''
    if fields:
        try:
            # single unpack in the case of a single argument
            fieldseq, = fields
            try:
                # convert to string sequence if string
                fieldseq = fieldseq.split(sep)
            except AttributeError:
                # not a string; assume other iterable
                pass
        except ValueError:
            # not a single argument and not a string
            fieldseq = fields
        invalid_fields = [field for field in fieldseq if not validator(field)]
        if invalid_fields:
            raise ValueError('One or more field names is invalid:\n'
                             '{!r}'.format(invalid_fields))
    else:
        raise ValueError('No fields were provided')
    try:
        yield from fieldseq
    except TypeError as e:
        raise ValueError('Single field argument must be a string'
                         'or an interable') from e

一些测试:

from . import getfields

def test_getfields_novalidation():
    result = ['a', 'b']
    assert list(getfields('a b')) == result
    assert list(getfields('a,b', sep=',')) == result
    assert list(getfields('a', 'b')) == result
    assert list(getfields(['a', 'b'])) == result