我成功地使用这段代码通过GET方法发送带有一些参数的HTTP请求
void sendRequest(String request)
{
// i.e.: request = "http://example.com/index.php?param1=a¶m2=b¶m3=c";
URL url = new URL(request);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(false);
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/plain");
connection.setRequestProperty("charset", "utf-8");
connection.connect();
}
现在我可能需要通过POST方法发送参数(即param1, param2, param3)，因为它们非常长。
我想添加一个额外的参数，该方法(即字符串httpMethod)。
我怎样才能尽可能少地更改上面的代码，以便能够通过GET或POST发送参数?
我希望情况会有所改变
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
to
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
可以完成这个任务，但是参数仍然通过GET方法发送。
HttpURLConnection有任何方法可以帮助吗?
有什么有用的Java构造吗?
任何帮助都将不胜感激。
我强烈推荐构建在apache http api上的http-request。
对于你的案例，你可以看到例子:
private static final HttpRequest<String.class> HTTP_REQUEST =
HttpRequestBuilder.createPost("http://example.com/index.php", String.class)
.responseDeserializer(ResponseDeserializer.ignorableDeserializer())
.build();
public void sendRequest(String request){
String parameters = request.split("\\?")[1];
ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler =
HTTP_REQUEST.executeWithQuery(parameters);
System.out.println(responseHandler.getStatusCode());
System.out.println(responseHandler.get()); //prints response body
}
如果您对响应体不感兴趣
private static final HttpRequest<?> HTTP_REQUEST =
HttpRequestBuilder.createPost("http://example.com/index.php").build();
public void sendRequest(String request){
ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler =
HTTP_REQUEST.executeWithQuery(parameters);
}
对于一般发送post请求与HTTP -request:阅读文档，看到我的答案HTTP post请求与JSON字符串在JAVA，发送HTTP post请求在JAVA, HTTP post使用JSON在JAVA
下面是一个简单的示例，它提交了一个表单，然后将结果页面转储到System.out。当然，要适当地更改URL和POST参数:
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
URL url = new URL("http://example.net/new-message.php");
Map<String,Object> params = new LinkedHashMap<>();
params.put("name", "Freddie the Fish");
params.put("email", "fishie@seamail.example.com");
params.put("reply_to_thread", 10394);
params.put("message", "Shark attacks in Botany Bay have gotten out of control. We need more defensive dolphins to protect the schools here, but Mayor Porpoise is too busy stuffing his snout with lobsters. He's so shellfish.");
StringBuilder postData = new StringBuilder();
for (Map.Entry<String,Object> param : params.entrySet()) {
if (postData.length() != 0) postData.append('&');
postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(param.getKey(), "UTF-8"));
postData.append('=');
postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(String.valueOf(param.getValue()), "UTF-8"));
}
byte[] postDataBytes = postData.toString().getBytes("UTF-8");
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(postDataBytes.length));
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.getOutputStream().write(postDataBytes);
Reader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
for (int c; (c = in.read()) >= 0;)
System.out.print((char)c);
}
}
如果你想将结果作为字符串而不是直接打印出来，请:
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int c; (c = in.read()) >= 0;)
sb.append((char)c);
String response = sb.toString();
我也有同样的问题。我想通过POST发送数据。
我使用了以下代码:
URL url = new URL("http://example.com/getval.php");
Map<String,Object> params = new LinkedHashMap<>();
params.put("param1", param1);
params.put("param2", param2);
StringBuilder postData = new StringBuilder();
for (Map.Entry<String,Object> param : params.entrySet()) {
if (postData.length() != 0) postData.append('&');
postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(param.getKey(), "UTF-8"));
postData.append('=');
postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(String.valueOf(param.getValue()), "UTF-8"));
}
String urlParameters = postData.toString();
URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();
conn.setDoOutput(true);
OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
writer.write(urlParameters);
writer.flush();
String result = "";
String line;
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
writer.close();
reader.close()
System.out.println(result);
我使用Jsoup进行解析:
Document doc = Jsoup.parseBodyFragment(value);
Iterator<Element> opts = doc.select("option").iterator();
for (;opts.hasNext();) {
Element item = opts.next();
if (item.hasAttr("value")) {
System.out.println(item.attr("value"));
}
}
现在我要做一个HTTP请求类，它可能不是最有效的类，但它可以工作。
我从这个页面中收集了一些代码，并使其更加动态。
任何需要完整代码的人，我在下面附上了它。
关于如何使用它的示例，您可以查看main方法。
此外，如果你愿意改进在线课程，非常欢迎你来帮助我使这门课变得更好。
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.nio.charset.*;
import java.io.*;
public class HttpRequest {
String result = "";
HttpRequest(String _url, String _method, Map<String, String> _postData, String _contentType) {
try {
URL url = new URL( _url );
URLConnection con = url.openConnection();
HttpURLConnection http = (HttpURLConnection)con;
http.setRequestMethod(_method); // PUT is another valid option
http.setDoOutput(true);
StringJoiner sj = new StringJoiner("&");
for(Map.Entry<String,String> entry : _postData.entrySet())
sj.add(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getKey(), "UTF-8") + "=" + entry.getValue());
//sj.add(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getKey(), "UTF-8") + "=" + URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue()));
byte[] out = sj.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
int length = out.length;
http.setFixedLengthStreamingMode(length);
http.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", _contentType);
http.setRequestProperty( "charset", "utf-8");
http.setRequestProperty( "Content-Length", Integer.toString( length ));
http.setInstanceFollowRedirects( false );
http.setUseCaches( false );
http.connect();
try(OutputStream os = http.getOutputStream()) {
os.write(out);
}
if (http.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
try (BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(http.getInputStream()))) {
String line;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
result = result + line;
}
}
} else {
System.out.println("Bad response!");
}
}catch (IOException e) {
// writing exception to log
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
HttpRequest(String _url, String _method, Map<String, String> _postData) {
this(_url, _method, _postData, "text/html");
}
HttpRequest(String _url, String _method) {
this(_url, _method, new HashMap<String, String>());
}
HttpRequest(String _url) {
this(_url, "GET");
}
public String toString() {
return result;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Map<String, String> postData = new HashMap<String, String>();
postData.putIfAbsent("email", "test@test.com");
postData.putIfAbsent("password", "test");
HttpRequest result = new HttpRequest("https://httpbin.org/anything", "POST", postData, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
System.out.println(result.toString());
}
}
