用MySQL计算中位数最简单(希望不会太慢)的方法是什么?我已经使用AVG(x)来寻找平均值，但我很难找到一个简单的方法来计算中位数。现在，我将所有的行返回到PHP，进行排序，然后选择中间的行，但是肯定有一些简单的方法可以在一个MySQL查询中完成它。
示例数据:
id | val
--------
1 4
2 7
3 2
4 2
5 9
6 8
7 3
对val排序得到2 2 3 4 7 8 9，因此中位数应该是4，而SELECT AVG(val) == 5。
当前回答
你也可以选择在存储过程中这样做:
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS median;
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE median (table_name VARCHAR(255), column_name VARCHAR(255), where_clause VARCHAR(255))
BEGIN
-- Set default parameters
IF where_clause IS NULL OR where_clause = '' THEN
SET where_clause = 1;
END IF;
-- Prepare statement
SET @sql = CONCAT(
"SELECT AVG(middle_values) AS 'median' FROM (
SELECT t1.", column_name, " AS 'middle_values' FROM
(
SELECT @row:=@row+1 as `row`, x.", column_name, "
FROM ", table_name," AS x, (SELECT @row:=0) AS r
WHERE ", where_clause, " ORDER BY x.", column_name, "
) AS t1,
(
SELECT COUNT(*) as 'count'
FROM ", table_name, " x
WHERE ", where_clause, "
) AS t2
-- the following condition will return 1 record for odd number sets, or 2 records for even number sets.
WHERE t1.row >= t2.count/2
AND t1.row <= ((t2.count/2)+1)) AS t3
");
-- Execute statement
PREPARE stmt FROM @sql;
EXECUTE stmt;
END//
DELIMITER ;
-- Sample usage:
-- median(table_name, column_name, where_condition);
CALL median('products', 'price', NULL);
其他回答
你也可以选择在存储过程中这样做:
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS median;
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE median (table_name VARCHAR(255), column_name VARCHAR(255), where_clause VARCHAR(255))
BEGIN
-- Set default parameters
IF where_clause IS NULL OR where_clause = '' THEN
SET where_clause = 1;
END IF;
-- Prepare statement
SET @sql = CONCAT(
"SELECT AVG(middle_values) AS 'median' FROM (
SELECT t1.", column_name, " AS 'middle_values' FROM
(
SELECT @row:=@row+1 as `row`, x.", column_name, "
FROM ", table_name," AS x, (SELECT @row:=0) AS r
WHERE ", where_clause, " ORDER BY x.", column_name, "
) AS t1,
(
SELECT COUNT(*) as 'count'
FROM ", table_name, " x
WHERE ", where_clause, "
) AS t2
-- the following condition will return 1 record for odd number sets, or 2 records for even number sets.
WHERE t1.row >= t2.count/2
AND t1.row <= ((t2.count/2)+1)) AS t3
");
-- Execute statement
PREPARE stmt FROM @sql;
EXECUTE stmt;
END//
DELIMITER ;
-- Sample usage:
-- median(table_name, column_name, where_condition);
CALL median('products', 'price', NULL);
SELECT
SUBSTRING_INDEX(
SUBSTRING_INDEX(
GROUP_CONCAT(field ORDER BY field),
',',
((
ROUND(
LENGTH(GROUP_CONCAT(field)) -
LENGTH(
REPLACE(
GROUP_CONCAT(field),
',',
''
)
)
) / 2) + 1
)),
',',
-1
)
FROM
table
上面的方法似乎对我有用。
create table med(id integer);
insert into med(id) values(1);
insert into med(id) values(2);
insert into med(id) values(3);
insert into med(id) values(4);
insert into med(id) values(5);
insert into med(id) values(6);
select (MIN(count)+MAX(count))/2 from
(select case when (select count(*) from
med A where A.id<B.id)=(select count(*)/2 from med) OR
(select count(*) from med A where A.id>B.id)=(select count(*)/2
from med) then cast(B.id as float)end as count from med B) C;
?column?
----------
3.5
(1 row)
OR
select cast(avg(id) as float) from
(select t1.id from med t1 JOIN med t2 on t1.id!= t2.id
group by t1.id having ABS(SUM(SIGN(t1.id-t2.id)))=1) A;
基于@bob的回答，这将查询泛化为能够返回多个中位数，并按某些标准分组。
想想，例如，一个车场二手车的中位数销售价格，按年-月分组。
SELECT
period,
AVG(middle_values) AS 'median'
FROM (
SELECT t1.sale_price AS 'middle_values', t1.row_num, t1.period, t2.count
FROM (
SELECT
@last_period:=@period AS 'last_period',
@period:=DATE_FORMAT(sale_date, '%Y-%m') AS 'period',
IF (@period<>@last_period, @row:=1, @row:=@row+1) as `row_num`,
x.sale_price
FROM listings AS x, (SELECT @row:=0) AS r
WHERE 1
-- where criteria goes here
ORDER BY DATE_FORMAT(sale_date, '%Y%m'), x.sale_price
) AS t1
LEFT JOIN (
SELECT COUNT(*) as 'count', DATE_FORMAT(sale_date, '%Y-%m') AS 'period'
FROM listings x
WHERE 1
-- same where criteria goes here
GROUP BY DATE_FORMAT(sale_date, '%Y%m')
) AS t2
ON t1.period = t2.period
) AS t3
WHERE
row_num >= (count/2)
AND row_num <= ((count/2) + 1)
GROUP BY t3.period
ORDER BY t3.period;
一个简单的方法来计算中位数在MySQL
set @ct := (select count(1) from station);
set @row := 0;
select avg(a.val) as median from
(select * from table order by val) a
where (select @row := @row + 1)
between @ct/2.0 and @ct/2.0 +1;
