在Android中限制EditText文本长度的最佳方法是什么?

有没有通过xml实现这一点的方法?


当前回答

我曾经遇到过这个问题,我认为我们缺少一种经过充分解释的方法,在不丢失已经设置的过滤器的情况下,通过编程实现这一点。

在XML中设置长度:

由于接受的答案正确地表明,如果您想为EditText定义一个固定长度,并且以后不会再更改,只需在EditText XML中定义:

android:maxLength="10"     

以编程方式设置长度

要以编程方式设置长度,您需要通过InputFilter进行设置。但是,如果创建一个新的InputFilter并将其设置为EditText,则会丢失所有其他已定义的过滤器(例如maxLines、inputType等),这些过滤器可能是通过XML或编程添加的。

所以这是错误的:

editText.setFilters(new InputFilter[] {new InputFilter.LengthFilter(maxLength)});

为了避免丢失以前添加的过滤器,您需要获取这些过滤器,添加新的过滤器(在本例中为maxLength),并将过滤器设置回EditText,如下所示:

Java

InputFilter[] editFilters = editText.getFilters();
InputFilter[] newFilters = new InputFilter[editFilters.length + 1];
System.arraycopy(editFilters, 0, newFilters, 0, editFilters.length);
newFilters[editFilters.length] = new InputFilter.LengthFilter(maxLength); 
editText.setFilters(newFilters);

然而,Kotlin让每个人都更容易,您还需要将过滤器添加到现有的过滤器中,但您可以通过简单的操作实现这一点:

editText.filters += InputFilter.LengthFilter(maxLength)

其他回答

对于已经使用自定义输入筛选器并希望限制最大长度的用户,请注意:

当您在代码中分配输入过滤器时,所有先前设置的输入过滤器都将被清除,包括一个使用android:maxLength设置的过滤器。我在尝试使用自定义输入筛选器以防止在密码字段中使用某些不允许的字符时发现了这一点。使用setFilters设置过滤器后,不再观察到maxLength。解决方案是以编程方式将maxLength和自定义过滤器设置在一起。类似于:

myEditText.setFilters(new InputFilter[] {
        new PasswordCharFilter(), new InputFilter.LengthFilter(20)
});

对于其他想知道如何实现这一点的人,这里是我的扩展EditText类EditTextNumeric。

.setMaxLength(int)-设置最大位数

.setMaxValue(int)-限制最大整数值

.setMin(int)-限制最小整数值

.getValue()-获取整数值

import android.content.Context;
import android.text.InputFilter;
import android.text.InputType;
import android.widget.EditText;

public class EditTextNumeric extends EditText {
    protected int max_value = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
    protected int min_value = Integer.MIN_VALUE;

    // constructor
    public EditTextNumeric(Context context) {
        super(context);
        this.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_CLASS_NUMBER);
    }

    // checks whether the limits are set and corrects them if not within limits
    @Override
    protected void onTextChanged(CharSequence text, int start, int before, int after) {
        if (max_value != Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
            try {
                if (Integer.parseInt(this.getText().toString()) > max_value) {
                    // change value and keep cursor position
                    int selection = this.getSelectionStart();
                    this.setText(String.valueOf(max_value));
                    if (selection >= this.getText().toString().length()) {
                        selection = this.getText().toString().length();
                    }
                    this.setSelection(selection);
                }
            } catch (NumberFormatException exception) {
                super.onTextChanged(text, start, before, after);
            }
        }
        if (min_value != Integer.MIN_VALUE) {
            try {
                if (Integer.parseInt(this.getText().toString()) < min_value) {
                    // change value and keep cursor position
                    int selection = this.getSelectionStart();
                    this.setText(String.valueOf(min_value));
                    if (selection >= this.getText().toString().length()) {
                        selection = this.getText().toString().length();
                    }
                    this.setSelection(selection);
                }
            } catch (NumberFormatException exception) {
                super.onTextChanged(text, start, before, after);
            }
        }
        super.onTextChanged(text, start, before, after);
    }

    // set the max number of digits the user can enter
    public void setMaxLength(int length) {
        InputFilter[] FilterArray = new InputFilter[1];
        FilterArray[0] = new InputFilter.LengthFilter(length);
        this.setFilters(FilterArray);
    }

    // set the maximum integer value the user can enter.
    // if exeeded, input value will become equal to the set limit
    public void setMaxValue(int value) {
        max_value = value;
    }
    // set the minimum integer value the user can enter.
    // if entered value is inferior, input value will become equal to the set limit
    public void setMinValue(int value) {
        min_value = value;
    }

    // returns integer value or 0 if errorous value
    public int getValue() {
        try {
            return Integer.parseInt(this.getText().toString());
        } catch (NumberFormatException exception) {
            return 0;
        }
    }
}

示例用法:

final EditTextNumeric input = new EditTextNumeric(this);
input.setMaxLength(5);
input.setMaxValue(total_pages);
input.setMinValue(1);

当然,适用于EditText的所有其他方法和属性也都有效。

由于goto10的观察,我将以下代码组合在一起,通过设置最大长度来防止丢失其他过滤器:

/**
 * This sets the maximum length in characters of an EditText view. Since the
 * max length must be done with a filter, this method gets the current
 * filters. If there is already a length filter in the view, it will replace
 * it, otherwise, it will add the max length filter preserving the other
 * 
 * @param view
 * @param length
 */
public static void setMaxLength(EditText view, int length) {
    InputFilter curFilters[];
    InputFilter.LengthFilter lengthFilter;
    int idx;

    lengthFilter = new InputFilter.LengthFilter(length);

    curFilters = view.getFilters();
    if (curFilters != null) {
        for (idx = 0; idx < curFilters.length; idx++) {
            if (curFilters[idx] instanceof InputFilter.LengthFilter) {
                curFilters[idx] = lengthFilter;
                return;
            }
        }

        // since the length filter was not part of the list, but
        // there are filters, then add the length filter
        InputFilter newFilters[] = new InputFilter[curFilters.length + 1];
        System.arraycopy(curFilters, 0, newFilters, 0, curFilters.length);
        newFilters[curFilters.length] = lengthFilter;
        view.setFilters(newFilters);
    } else {
        view.setFilters(new InputFilter[] { lengthFilter });
    }
}

xml中的简单方式:

android:maxLength="@{length}"

要以编程方式设置它,可以使用以下函数

public static void setMaxLengthOfEditText(EditText editText, int length) {
    InputFilter[] filters = editText.getFilters();
    List arrayList = new ArrayList();
    int i2 = 0;
    if (filters != null && filters.length > 0) {
        int filtersSize = filters.length;
        int i3 = 0;
        while (i2 < filtersSize) {
            Object obj = filters[i2];
            if (obj instanceof LengthFilter) {
                arrayList.add(new LengthFilter(length));
                i3 = 1;
            } else {
                arrayList.add(obj);
            }
            i2++;
        }
        i2 = i3;
    }
    if (i2 == 0) {
        arrayList.add(new LengthFilter(length));
    }
    if (!arrayList.isEmpty()) {
        editText.setFilters((InputFilter[]) arrayList.toArray(new InputFilter[arrayList.size()]));
    }
}

以编程方式为Java尝试以下操作:

myEditText(new InputFilter[] {new InputFilter.LengthFilter(CUSTOM_MAX_LEN)});