在Android中限制EditText文本长度的最佳方法是什么?
有没有通过xml实现这一点的方法?
在Android中限制EditText文本长度的最佳方法是什么?
有没有通过xml实现这一点的方法?
当前回答
我曾经遇到过这个问题,我认为我们缺少一种经过充分解释的方法,在不丢失已经设置的过滤器的情况下,通过编程实现这一点。
在XML中设置长度:
由于接受的答案正确地表明,如果您想为EditText定义一个固定长度,并且以后不会再更改,只需在EditText XML中定义:
android:maxLength="10"
以编程方式设置长度
要以编程方式设置长度,您需要通过InputFilter进行设置。但是,如果创建一个新的InputFilter并将其设置为EditText,则会丢失所有其他已定义的过滤器(例如maxLines、inputType等),这些过滤器可能是通过XML或编程添加的。
所以这是错误的:
editText.setFilters(new InputFilter[] {new InputFilter.LengthFilter(maxLength)});
为了避免丢失以前添加的过滤器,您需要获取这些过滤器,添加新的过滤器(在本例中为maxLength),并将过滤器设置回EditText,如下所示:
Java
InputFilter[] editFilters = editText.getFilters();
InputFilter[] newFilters = new InputFilter[editFilters.length + 1];
System.arraycopy(editFilters, 0, newFilters, 0, editFilters.length);
newFilters[editFilters.length] = new InputFilter.LengthFilter(maxLength);
editText.setFilters(newFilters);
然而,Kotlin让每个人都更容易,您还需要将过滤器添加到现有的过滤器中,但您可以通过简单的操作实现这一点:
editText.filters += InputFilter.LengthFilter(maxLength)
其他回答
Xml
android:maxLength="10"
Java语言:
InputFilter[] editFilters = editText.getFilters();
InputFilter[] newFilters = new InputFilter[editFilters.length + 1];
System.arraycopy(editFilters, 0, newFilters, 0, editFilters.length);
newFilters[editFilters.length] = new InputFilter.LengthFilter(maxLength);
editText.setFilters(newFilters);
科特林:
editText.filters += InputFilter.LengthFilter(maxLength)
EditText editText = new EditText(this);
int maxLength = 3;
editText.setFilters(new InputFilter[] {new InputFilter.LengthFilter(maxLength)});
科特林:
edit_text.filters += InputFilter.LengthFilter(10)
中兴刀片A520具有奇怪的效果。当您键入超过10个符号(例如15个)时,EditText将显示前10个符号,但其他5个符号不可见且不可访问。但当您使用Backspace删除符号时,它会先删除右边的5个符号,然后删除剩下的10个符号。要克服这种行为,请使用以下解决方案:
android:inputType="textNoSuggestions|textVisiblePassword"
android:maxLength="10"
或者:
android:inputType="textNoSuggestions"
或者,如果您想获得建议:
private class EditTextWatcher(private val view: EditText) : TextWatcher {
private var position = 0
private var oldText = ""
override fun afterTextChanged(s: Editable?) = Unit
override fun beforeTextChanged(s: CharSequence?, start: Int, count: Int, after: Int) {
oldText = s?.toString() ?: ""
position = view.selectionStart
}
override fun onTextChanged(s: CharSequence?, start: Int, before: Int, count: Int) {
val newText = s?.toString() ?: ""
if (newText.length > 10) {
with(view) {
setText(oldText)
position = if (start > 0 && count > 2) {
// Text paste in nonempty field.
start
} else {
if (position in 1..10 + 1) {
// Symbol paste in the beginning or middle of the field.
position - 1
} else {
if (start > 0) {
// Adding symbol to the end of the field.
start - 1
} else {
// Text paste in the empty field.
0
}
}
}
setSelection(position)
}
}
}
}
// Usage:
editTextWatcher = EditTextWatcher(view.edit_text)
view.edit_text.addTextChangedListener(editTextWatcher)
以编程方式为Java尝试以下操作:
myEditText(new InputFilter[] {new InputFilter.LengthFilter(CUSTOM_MAX_LEN)});
对于其他想知道如何实现这一点的人,这里是我的扩展EditText类EditTextNumeric。
.setMaxLength(int)-设置最大位数
.setMaxValue(int)-限制最大整数值
.setMin(int)-限制最小整数值
.getValue()-获取整数值
import android.content.Context;
import android.text.InputFilter;
import android.text.InputType;
import android.widget.EditText;
public class EditTextNumeric extends EditText {
protected int max_value = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
protected int min_value = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
// constructor
public EditTextNumeric(Context context) {
super(context);
this.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_CLASS_NUMBER);
}
// checks whether the limits are set and corrects them if not within limits
@Override
protected void onTextChanged(CharSequence text, int start, int before, int after) {
if (max_value != Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
try {
if (Integer.parseInt(this.getText().toString()) > max_value) {
// change value and keep cursor position
int selection = this.getSelectionStart();
this.setText(String.valueOf(max_value));
if (selection >= this.getText().toString().length()) {
selection = this.getText().toString().length();
}
this.setSelection(selection);
}
} catch (NumberFormatException exception) {
super.onTextChanged(text, start, before, after);
}
}
if (min_value != Integer.MIN_VALUE) {
try {
if (Integer.parseInt(this.getText().toString()) < min_value) {
// change value and keep cursor position
int selection = this.getSelectionStart();
this.setText(String.valueOf(min_value));
if (selection >= this.getText().toString().length()) {
selection = this.getText().toString().length();
}
this.setSelection(selection);
}
} catch (NumberFormatException exception) {
super.onTextChanged(text, start, before, after);
}
}
super.onTextChanged(text, start, before, after);
}
// set the max number of digits the user can enter
public void setMaxLength(int length) {
InputFilter[] FilterArray = new InputFilter[1];
FilterArray[0] = new InputFilter.LengthFilter(length);
this.setFilters(FilterArray);
}
// set the maximum integer value the user can enter.
// if exeeded, input value will become equal to the set limit
public void setMaxValue(int value) {
max_value = value;
}
// set the minimum integer value the user can enter.
// if entered value is inferior, input value will become equal to the set limit
public void setMinValue(int value) {
min_value = value;
}
// returns integer value or 0 if errorous value
public int getValue() {
try {
return Integer.parseInt(this.getText().toString());
} catch (NumberFormatException exception) {
return 0;
}
}
}
示例用法:
final EditTextNumeric input = new EditTextNumeric(this);
input.setMaxLength(5);
input.setMaxValue(total_pages);
input.setMinValue(1);
当然,适用于EditText的所有其他方法和属性也都有效。