还有另一个plpgsql -仅当max(att) >时重置lastval

do --check seq not in sync
$$
declare
 _r record;
 _i bigint;
 _m bigint;
begin
  for _r in (
    SELECT relname,nspname,d.refobjid::regclass, a.attname, refobjid
    FROM   pg_depend    d
    JOIN   pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = d.refobjid AND a.attnum = d.refobjsubid
    JOIN pg_class r on r.oid = objid
    JOIN pg_namespace n on n.oid = relnamespace
    WHERE  d.refobjsubid > 0 and  relkind = 'S'
   ) loop
    execute format('select last_value from %I.%I',_r.nspname,_r.relname) into _i;
    execute format('select max(%I) from %s',_r.attname,_r.refobjid) into _m;
    if coalesce(_m,0) > _i then
      raise info '%',concat('changed: ',_r.nspname,'.',_r.relname,' from:',_i,' to:',_m);
      execute format('alter sequence %I.%I restart with %s',_r.nspname,_r.relname,_m+1);
    end if;
  end loop;

end;
$$
;

另外注释行——execute format('alter sequence将给出列表，而不是实际重置值

ALTER SEQUENCE sequence_name RESTART WITH (SELECT max(id) FROM table_name); 是行不通的。

复制自@tardate答案:

SELECT setval(pg_get_serial_sequence('table_name', 'id'), MAX(id)) FROM table_name;

重置所有公共序列

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "reset_sequence" (tablename text) RETURNS "pg_catalog"."void" AS 
$body$  
  DECLARE 
  BEGIN 
  EXECUTE 'SELECT setval( ''' 
  || tablename  
  || '_id_seq'', ' 
  || '(SELECT id + 1 FROM "' 
  || tablename  
  || '" ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1), false)';  
  END;  
$body$  LANGUAGE 'plpgsql';

select sequence_name, reset_sequence(split_part(sequence_name, '_id_seq',1)) from information_schema.sequences
        where sequence_schema='public';

最短最快的路

SELECT setval('tbl_tbl_id_seq', max(tbl_id)) FROM tbl;

tbl_id是表tbl的串行列或IDENTITY列，取自序列tbl_tbl_id_seq(生成的默认名称)。看到的:

自动递增表列

如果你不知道附加序列的名称(不一定是默认形式)，使用pg_get_serial_sequence()(也适用于IDENTITY):

SELECT setval(pg_get_serial_sequence('tbl', 'tbl_id'), max(tbl_id)) FROM tbl;

这里没有差1的误差。手册:

双参数形式将序列的last_value字段设置为 值，并将其is_called字段设置为true Next nextval将在返回值之前推进序列。

大胆强调我的。

如果表可以为空，在这种情况下实际从1开始:

SELECT setval(pg_get_serial_sequence('tbl', 'tbl_id')
            , COALESCE(max(tbl_id) + 1, 1)
            , false)
FROM tbl;

我们不能只使用2参数形式并从0开始，因为序列的下界默认为1(除非自定义)。

在并发写负载下安全

为了防止并发序列活动或写入，可以在SHARE模式下锁定表。它可以防止并发事务写入更高的数字(或任何东西)。

还要考虑到客户端可能在主表上没有任何锁的情况下提前获取了序列号，然而(可能发生在某些设置中)，只增加序列的当前值，而不要减少它。这可能看起来有些偏执，但这符合序列的本质，并可以防止并发性问题。

BEGIN;

LOCK TABLE tbl IN SHARE MODE;

SELECT setval('tbl_tbl_id_seq', max(tbl_id))
FROM   tbl
HAVING max(tbl_id) > (SELECT last_value FROM tbl_tbl_id_seq); -- prevent lower number

COMMIT;

SHARE模式足够强大。手册:

这种模式保护表不受并发数据更改的影响。

与ROW EXCLUSIVE模式冲突。

命令UPDATE、DELETE和INSERT在目标表上获得这种锁定模式。

我的版本使用第一个，有一些错误检查…

BEGIN;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION reset_sequence(_table_schema text, _tablename text, _columnname text, _sequence_name text)
RETURNS pg_catalog.void AS
$BODY$
DECLARE
BEGIN
 PERFORM 1
 FROM information_schema.sequences
 WHERE
  sequence_schema = _table_schema AND
  sequence_name = _sequence_name;
 IF FOUND THEN
  EXECUTE 'SELECT setval( ''' || _table_schema || '.' || _sequence_name  || ''', ' || '(SELECT MAX(' || _columnname || ') FROM ' || _table_schema || '.' || _tablename || ')' || '+1)';
 ELSE
  RAISE WARNING 'SEQUENCE NOT UPDATED ON %.%', _tablename, _columnname;
 END IF;
END; 
$BODY$
 LANGUAGE 'plpgsql';

SELECT reset_sequence(table_schema, table_name, column_name, table_name || '_' || column_name || '_seq')
FROM information_schema.columns
WHERE column_default LIKE 'nextval%';

DROP FUNCTION reset_sequence(_table_schema text, _tablename text, _columnname text, _sequence_name text) ;
COMMIT;

-- Login to psql and run the following

-- What is the result?
SELECT MAX(id) FROM your_table;

-- Then run...
-- This should be higher than the last result.
SELECT nextval('your_table_id_seq');

-- If it's not higher... run this set the sequence last to your highest id. 
-- (wise to run a quick pg_dump first...)

BEGIN;
-- protect against concurrent inserts while you update the counter
LOCK TABLE your_table IN EXCLUSIVE MODE;
-- Update the sequence
SELECT setval('your_table_id_seq', COALESCE((SELECT MAX(id)+1 FROM your_table), 1), false);
COMMIT;

来源- Ruby论坛