通过字符串路径访问嵌套的JavaScript对象和数组

我有一个这样的数据结构:

var someObject = {
    'part1' : {
        'name': 'Part 1',
        'size': '20',
        'qty' : '50'
    },
    'part2' : {
        'name': 'Part 2',
        'size': '15',
        'qty' : '60'
    },
    'part3' : [
        {
            'name': 'Part 3A',
            'size': '10',
            'qty' : '20'
        }, {
            'name': 'Part 3B',
            'size': '5',
            'qty' : '20'
        }, {
            'name': 'Part 3C',
            'size': '7.5',
            'qty' : '20'
        }
    ]
};

我想使用这些变量访问数据:

var part1name = "part1.name";
var part2quantity = "part2.qty";
var part3name1 = "part3[0].name";

part1name应该用someObject.part1.name的值填充，即“Part 1”。part2quantity也是一样，它的容量是60。

有没有办法实现这与纯javascript或JQuery?

当前回答

以防万一，有人在2017年或以后访问这个问题，并寻找一种容易记住的方法，这里有一篇关于在JavaScript中访问嵌套对象而不被迷惑的详细博客文章

无法读取未定义错误的属性“foo”

使用数组缩减访问嵌套对象

让我们以这个例子结构为例

const user = {
    id: 101,
    email: 'jack@dev.com',
    personalInfo: {
        name: 'Jack',
        address: [{
            line1: 'westwish st',
            line2: 'washmasher',
            city: 'wallas',
            state: 'WX'
        }]
    }
}

为了能够访问嵌套数组，您可以编写自己的数组reduce util。

const getNestedObject = (nestedObj, pathArr) => {
    return pathArr.reduce((obj, key) =>
        (obj && obj[key] !== 'undefined') ? obj[key] : undefined, nestedObj);
}

// pass in your object structure as array elements
const name = getNestedObject(user, ['personalInfo', 'name']);

// to access nested array, just pass in array index as an element the path array.
const city = getNestedObject(user, ['personalInfo', 'address', 0, 'city']);
// this will return the city from the first address item.

还有一种出色的类型处理最小库类型可以为您完成所有这些。

使用typy，代码看起来像这样

const city = t(user, 'personalInfo.address[0].city').safeObject;

免责声明:我是这个软件包的作者。

2018-07-08 13:01:53

其他回答

简单的函数，允许字符串或数组路径。

function get(obj, path) {
  if(typeof path === 'string') path = path.split('.');

  if(path.length === 0) return obj;
  return get(obj[path[0]], path.slice(1));
}

const obj = {a: {b: {c: 'foo'}}};

console.log(get(obj, 'a.b.c')); //foo

console.log(get(obj, ['a', 'b', 'c'])); //foo

2016-12-26 04:51:19

AngularJS有$scope.$eval

在AngularJS中，我们可以使用$scope。$eval方法访问嵌套对象:

$scope.someObject = someObject;
console.log( $scope.$eval("someObject.part3[0].name") ); //Part 3A

有关更多信息，请参见

AngularJS $scope API引用- $eval

演示

angular.module("app",[]) .run(function($rootScope) { $rootScope.someObject = { 'part2' : { 'name': 'Part 2', 'size': '15', 'qty' : '60' }, 'part3' : [{ 'name': 'Part 3A', 'size': '10', 'qty' : '20' },{ name: 'Part 3B' }] }; console.log( "part3[0].name =", $rootScope.$eval("someObject.part3[0].name") ); }) <script src="//unpkg.com/angular/angular.js"></script> <body ng-app="app" </body>

2020-03-05 20:09:28

/**
 * Access a deep value inside a object 
 * Works by passing a path like "foo.bar", also works with nested arrays like "foo[0][1].baz"
 * @author Victor B. https://gist.github.com/victornpb/4c7882c1b9d36292308e
 * Unit tests: http://jsfiddle.net/Victornpb/0u1qygrh/
 */
function getDeepVal(obj, path) {
    if (typeof obj === "undefined" || obj === null) return;
    path = path.split(/[\.\[\]\"\']{1,2}/);
    for (var i = 0, l = path.length; i < l; i++) {
        if (path[i] === "") continue;
        obj = obj[path[i]];
        if (typeof obj === "undefined" || obj === null) return;
    }
    return obj;
}

适用于

getDeepVal(obj,'foo.bar')
getDeepVal(obj,'foo.1.bar')
getDeepVal(obj,'foo[0].baz')
getDeepVal(obj,'foo[1][2]')
getDeepVal(obj,"foo['bar'].baz")
getDeepVal(obj,"foo['bar']['baz']")
getDeepVal(obj,"foo.bar.0.baz[1]['2']['w'].aaa[\"f\"].bb")

2016-03-01 17:05:57

使用对象扫描，这就变成了一行。然而，更重要的是，这个解决方案考虑性能:

在搜索期间遍历一次输入(即使查询了多个键) 解析只在init上发生一次(如果查询多个对象) 允许使用*进行扩展语法

// const objectScan = require('object-scan'); const someObject = { part1: { name: 'Part 1', size: '20', qty: '50' }, part2: { name: 'Part 2', size: '15', qty: '60' }, part3: [{ name: 'Part 3A', size: '10', qty: '20' }, { name: 'Part 3B', size: '5', qty: '20' }, { name: 'Part 3C', size: '7.5', qty: '20' }] }; const get = (haystack, needle) => objectScan([needle], { rtn: 'value', abort: true })(haystack); console.log(get(someObject, 'part1.name')); // => Part 1 console.log(get(someObject, 'part2.qty')); // => 60 console.log(get(someObject, 'part3[0].name')); // => Part 3A const getAll = (haystack, ...needles) => objectScan(needles, { reverse: false, rtn: 'entry', joined: true })(haystack); console.log(getAll(someObject, 'part1.name', 'part2.qty', 'part3[0].name')); /* => [ [ 'part1.name', 'Part 1' ], [ 'part2.qty', '60' ], [ 'part3[0].name', 'Part 3A' ] ] */ console.log(getAll(someObject, 'part1.*')); /* => [ [ 'part1.name', 'Part 1' ], [ 'part1.size', '20' ], [ 'part1.qty', '50' ] ] */ .as-console-wrapper {max-height: 100% !important; top: 0} <script src="https://bundle.run/object-scan@13.8.0"></script>

声明:我是object-scan的作者

2021-01-20 19:30:45

也适用于对象内的数组/数组。防御无效值。

/** * Retrieve nested item from object/array * @param {Object|Array} obj * @param {String} path dot separated * @param {*} def default value ( if result undefined ) * @returns {*} */ function path(obj, path, def){ var i, len; for(i = 0,path = path.split('.'), len = path.length; i < len; i++){ if(!obj || typeof obj !== 'object') return def; obj = obj[path[i]]; } if(obj === undefined) return def; return obj; } ////////////////////////// // TEST // ////////////////////////// var arr = [true, {'sp ace': true}, true] var obj = { 'sp ace': true, arr: arr, nested: {'dotted.str.ing': true}, arr3: arr } shouldThrow(`path(obj, "arr.0")`); shouldBeDefined(`path(obj, "arr[0]")`); shouldBeEqualToNumber(`path(obj, "arr.length")`, 3); shouldBeTrue(`path(obj, "sp ace")`); shouldBeEqualToString(`path(obj, "none.existed.prop", "fallback")`, "fallback"); shouldBeTrue(`path(obj, "nested['dotted.str.ing'])`); <script src="https://cdn.rawgit.com/coderek/e7b30bac7634a50ad8fd/raw/174b6634c8f57aa8aac0716c5b7b2a7098e03584/js-test.js"></script>

2013-04-24 11:24:37

通过字符串路径访问嵌套的JavaScript对象和数组

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