最简单的方法

只需在终端中输入python，就可以看到版本 就像下面这样

desktop:~$ python
Python 2.7.6 (default, Jun 22 2015, 18:00:18) 
[GCC 4.8.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> 

就像Seth说的，主脚本可以检查sys。Version_info(但请注意，它直到2.0才出现，所以如果你想支持旧版本，你需要检查sys模块的另一个version属性)。

但是，您仍然需要注意不要在文件中使用旧版本Python中没有的任何Python语言特性。例如，这在Python 2.5及更高版本中是允许的:

try:
    pass
except:
    pass
finally:
    pass

但在较旧的Python版本中不能工作，因为只能使用except OR最终匹配try。所以为了与旧版本的Python兼容，你需要写:

try:
    try:
        pass
    except:
        pass
finally:
    pass

你最好的选择可能是这样的:

>>> import sys
>>> sys.version_info
(2, 6, 4, 'final', 0)
>>> if not sys.version_info[:2] == (2, 6):
...    print "Error, I need python 2.6"
... else:
...    from my_module import twoPointSixCode
>>> 

此外，您总是可以在一个简单的try中包装导入，这应该会捕获语法错误。而且，按照@Heikki的观点，这段代码将与更老版本的python兼容:

>>> try:
...     from my_module import twoPointSixCode
... except Exception: 
...     print "can't import, probably because your python is too old!"
>>>

只是为了好玩，下面是在CPython 1.0-3.7b2, Pypy, Jython和Micropython上的一种方法。在现代代码中，这更像是一种新奇的做法。我将其作为http://stromberg.dnsalias.org/~strombrg/pythons/的一部分编写，这是一个脚本，用于在多个版本的python上同时测试一段代码，因此您可以轻松地了解哪些python特性与哪些版本的python兼容:

via_platform = 0
check_sys = 0
via_sys_version_info = 0
via_sys_version = 0
test_sys = 0
try:
    import platform
except (ImportError, NameError):
    # We have no platform module - try to get the info via the sys module
    check_sys = 1

if not check_sys:
    if hasattr(platform, "python_version"):
        via_platform = 1
    else:
        check_sys = 1

if check_sys:
    try:
        import sys
        test_sys = 1
    except (ImportError, NameError):
        # just let via_sys_version_info and via_sys_version remain False - we have no sys module
        pass

if test_sys:
    if hasattr(sys, "version_info"):
        via_sys_version_info = 1
    elif hasattr(sys, "version"):
        via_sys_version = 1
    else:
        # just let via_sys remain False
        pass

if via_platform:
    # This gives pretty good info, but is not available in older interpreters.  Also, micropython has a
    # platform module that does not really contain anything.
    print(platform.python_version())
elif via_sys_version_info:
    # This is compatible with some older interpreters, but does not give quite as much info.
    print("%s.%s.%s" % sys.version_info[:3])
elif via_sys_version:
    import string
    # This is compatible with some older interpreters, but does not give quite as much info.
    verbose_version = sys.version
    version_list = string.split(verbose_version)
    print(version_list[0])
else:
    print("unknown")

从stdlib中使用平台的python_version:

from platform import python_version
print(python_version())

# 3.9.2

所有的答案都有深刻的见解

另一种方法是platform.python_version_tuple()

python3 -c “import platform; print(platform.python_version_tuple())”

(‘3’, ‘6’, ‘8’)