我为另一个问题提供了多态性的高级概述:

c++中的多态性

希望能有所帮助。一个提取…

.．.从简单的测试和[多态性]定义开始会有所帮助。考虑下面的代码:

Type1 x;
Type2 y;

f(x);
f(y);

这里，f()是执行一些操作，并被赋予值x和y作为输入。要具有多态性，f()必须能够操作至少两种不同类型的值(例如int和double)，查找并执行适合类型的代码。

(继续在Polymorphism in c++)

从理解和应用PHP多态性，感谢Steve Guidetti。

Polymorphism is a long word for a very simple concept. Polymorphism describes a pattern in object oriented programming in which classes have different functionality while sharing a common interface. The beauty of polymorphism is that the code working with the different classes does not need to know which class it is using since they’re all used the same way. A real world analogy for polymorphism is a button. Everyone knows how to use a button: you simply apply pressure to it. What a button “does,” however, depends on what it is connected to and the context in which it is used — but the result does not affect how it is used. If your boss tells you to press a button, you already have all the information needed to perform the task. In the programming world, polymorphism is used to make applications more modular and extensible. Instead of messy conditional statements describing different courses of action, you create interchangeable objects that you select based on your needs. That is the basic goal of polymorphism.

一般来说，它是一种使用相同或表面上相似的API来为许多不同类型的对象提供接口的能力。有多种形式:

Function overloading: defining multiple functions with the same name and different parameter types, such as sqrt(float), sqrt(double) and sqrt(complex). In most languages that allow this, the compiler will automatically select the correct one for the type of argument being passed into it, thus this is compile-time polymorphism. Virtual methods in OOP: a method of a class can have various implementations tailored to the specifics of its subclasses; each of these is said to override the implementation given in the base class. Given an object that may be of the base class or any of its subclasses, the correct implementation is selected on the fly, thus this is run-time polymorphism. Templates: a feature of some OO languages whereby a function, class, etc. can be parameterised by a type. For example, you can define a generic "list" template class, and then instantiate it as "list of integers", "list of strings", maybe even "list of lists of strings" or the like. Generally, you write the code once for a data structure of arbitrary element type, and the compiler generates versions of it for the various element types.

通常这指的是A类型对象的行为与b类型对象相似的能力。在面向对象编程中，这通常是通过继承来实现的。一些维基百科的链接来阅读更多:

面向对象编程中的多态性 类型多态性

编辑:固定破碎的链接。

多态是指您可以将对象视为某个对象的通用版本，但当您访问它时，代码将确定它的确切类型并调用相关代码。

下面是一个c#的例子。在控制台应用程序中创建四个类:

public abstract class Vehicle
{
    public abstract int Wheels;
}

public class Bicycle : Vehicle
{
    public override int Wheels()
    {
        return 2;
    }
}

public class Car : Vehicle
{
    public override int Wheels()
    {
        return 4;
    }
}

public class Truck : Vehicle
{
    public override int Wheels()
    {
        return 18;
    }
}

现在在控制台应用程序模块的Main()中创建以下内容:

public void Main()
{
    List<Vehicle> vehicles = new List<Vehicle>();

    vehicles.Add(new Bicycle());
    vehicles.Add(new Car());
    vehicles.Add(new Truck());

    foreach (Vehicle v in vehicles)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(
            string.Format("A {0} has {1} wheels.",
                v.GetType().Name, v.Wheels));
    }
}

在这个例子中，我们创建了一个基类Vehicle的列表，它不知道它的每个子类有多少个轮子，但是知道每个子类负责知道它有多少个轮子。

然后我们将自行车、汽车和卡车添加到列表中。

接下来，我们可以循环遍历列表中的每个Vehicle，并将它们都视为相同的，但是当我们访问每个Vehicles 'Wheels'属性时，Vehicle类将该代码的执行委托给相关的子类。

该代码被称为多态代码，因为执行的确切代码是由在运行时引用的子类决定的。

我希望这对你有所帮助。

我为另一个问题提供了多态性的高级概述:

c++中的多态性

希望能有所帮助。一个提取…

.．.从简单的测试和[多态性]定义开始会有所帮助。考虑下面的代码:

Type1 x;
Type2 y;

f(x);
f(y);

这里，f()是执行一些操作，并被赋予值x和y作为输入。要具有多态性，f()必须能够操作至少两种不同类型的值(例如int和double)，查找并执行适合类型的代码。

(继续在Polymorphism in c++)