我主要基于VisionN的回答：

function format (val) {
  val = (+val).toLocaleString();
  val = (+val).toFixed(2);
  val += "";
  return val.replace(/(\d)(?=(\d{3})+(?:\.\d+)?$)/g, "$1" + format.thousands);
}

(function (isUS) {
  format.decimal =   isUS ? "." : ",";
  format.thousands = isUS ? "," : ".";
}(("" + (+(0.00).toLocaleString()).toFixed(2)).indexOf(".") > 0));

我用输入进行了测试：

[   ""
  , "1"
  , "12"
  , "123"
  , "1234"
  , "12345"
  , "123456"
  , "1234567"
  , "12345678"
  , "123456789"
  , "1234567890"
  , ".12"
  , "1.12"
  , "12.12"
  , "123.12"
  , "1234.12"
  , "12345.12"
  , "123456.12"
  , "1234567.12"
  , "12345678.12"
  , "123456789.12"
  , "1234567890.12"
  , "1234567890.123"
  , "1234567890.125"
].forEach(function (item) {
  console.log(format(item));
});

得到了这些结果：

0.00
1.00
12.00
123.00
1,234.00
12,345.00
123,456.00
1,234,567.00
12,345,678.00
123,456,789.00
1,234,567,890.00
0.12
1.12
12.12
123.12
1,234.12
12,345.12
123,456.12
1,234,567.12
12,345,678.12
123,456,789.12
1,234,567,890.12
1,234,567,890.12
1,234,567,890.13

只是为了好玩。

使用正则表达式的较短方法（用于插入空格、逗号或点）：

    Number.prototype.toCurrencyString = function(){
        return this.toFixed(2).replace(/(\d)(?=(\d{3})+\b)/g, '$1 ');
    }

    n = 12345678.9;
    alert(n.toCurrencyString());

这是另一个尝试，只是为了好玩：

function formatDollar(num) {
    var p = num.toFixed(2).split(".");
    return "$" + p[0].split("").reverse().reduce(function(acc, num, i, orig) {
        return num + (num != "-" && i && !(i % 3) ? "," : "") + acc;
    }, "") + "." + p[1];
}

还有一些测试：

formatDollar(45664544.23423) // "$45,664,544.23"
formatDollar(45) // "$45.00"
formatDollar(123) // "$123.00"
formatDollar(7824) // "$7,824.00"
formatDollar(1) // "$1.00"
formatDollar(-1345) // "$-1,345.00
formatDollar(-3) // "$-3.00"

function getMoney(A){
    var a = new Number(A);
    var b = a.toFixed(2); // Get 12345678.90
    a = parseInt(a); // Get 12345678
    b = (b-a).toPrecision(2); // Get 0.90
    b = parseFloat(b).toFixed(2); // In case we get 0.0, we pad it out to 0.00
    a = a.toLocaleString(); // Put in commas - Internet Explorer also puts in .00, so we'll get 12,345,678.00
    // If Internet Explorer (our number ends in .00)
    if(a < 1 && a.lastIndexOf('.00') == (a.length - 3))
    {
        a = a.substr(0, a.length-3); // Delete the .00
    }
    return a + b.substr(1); // Remove the 0 from b, then return a + b = 12,345,678.90
}
alert(getMoney(12345678.9));

这适用于Firefox和Internet Explorer。

一个简单的选项，通过先反转字符串和基本正则表达式来正确放置逗号。

String.prototype.reverse = function() {
    return this.split('').reverse().join('');
};

Number.prototype.toCurrency = function( round_decimal /*boolean*/ ) {       
     // format decimal or round to nearest integer
     var n = this.toFixed( round_decimal ? 0 : 2 );

     // convert to a string, add commas every 3 digits from left to right 
     // by reversing string
     return (n + '').reverse().replace( /(\d{3})(?=\d)/g, '$1,' ).reverse();
};

http://code.google.com/p/javascript-number-formatter/:

短、快、灵活但独立。只有75行，包括MIT许可证信息、空白行和注释。接受标准数字格式，如#、##0.00或带否定的-000.####。接受任何国家/地区格式，如###0,00，#，###.##，#‘###.##或任何类型的非编号符号。接受任意数字分组。#、##、#0.000或#、####0.##均有效。接受任何冗余/防傻瓜格式。##、###、##。#或0#、#00####0#都正常。自动数字舍入。简单的界面，只需提供如下掩码和值：格式（“0.0000”，3.141592）

UPDATE这是我自己开发的应用程序，用于最常见的任务：

var NumUtil = {};

/**
  Petty print 'num' wth exactly 'signif' digits.
  pp(123.45, 2) == "120"
  pp(0.012343, 3) == "0.0123"
  pp(1.2, 3) == "1.20"
*/
NumUtil.pp = function(num, signif) {
    if (typeof(num) !== "number")
        throw 'NumUtil.pp: num is not a number!';
    if (isNaN(num))
        throw 'NumUtil.pp: num is NaN!';
    if (num < 1e-15 || num > 1e15)
        return num;
    var r = Math.log(num)/Math.LN10;
    var dot = Math.floor(r) - (signif-1);
    r = r - Math.floor(r) + (signif-1);
    r = Math.round(Math.exp(r * Math.LN10)).toString();
    if (dot >= 0) {
        for (; dot > 0; dot -= 1)
            r += "0";
        return r;
    } else if (-dot >= r.length) {
        var p = "0.";
        for (; -dot > r.length; dot += 1) {
            p += "0";
        }
        return p+r;
    } else {
        return r.substring(0, r.length + dot) + "." + r.substring(r.length + dot);
    }
}

/** Append leading zeros up to 2 digits. */
NumUtil.align2 = function(v) {
    if (v < 10)
        return "0"+v;
    return ""+v;
}
/** Append leading zeros up to 3 digits. */
NumUtil.align3 = function(v) {
    if (v < 10)
        return "00"+v;
    else if (v < 100)
        return "0"+v;
    return ""+v;
}

NumUtil.integer = {};

/** Round to integer and group by 3 digits. */
NumUtil.integer.pp = function(num) {
    if (typeof(num) !== "number") {
        console.log("%s", new Error().stack);
        throw 'NumUtil.integer.pp: num is not a number!';
    }
    if (isNaN(num))
        throw 'NumUtil.integer.pp: num is NaN!';
    if (num > 1e15)
        return num;
    if (num < 0)
        throw 'Negative num!';
    num = Math.round(num);
    var group = num % 1000;
    var integ = Math.floor(num / 1000);
    if (integ === 0) {
        return group;
    }
    num = NumUtil.align3(group);
    while (true) {
        group = integ % 1000;
        integ = Math.floor(integ / 1000);
        if (integ === 0)
            return group + " " + num;
        num = NumUtil.align3(group) + " " + num;
    }
    return num;
}

NumUtil.currency = {};

/** Round to coins and group by 3 digits. */
NumUtil.currency.pp = function(amount) {
    if (typeof(amount) !== "number")
        throw 'NumUtil.currency.pp: amount is not a number!';
    if (isNaN(amount))
        throw 'NumUtil.currency.pp: amount is NaN!';
    if (amount > 1e15)
        return amount;
    if (amount < 0)
        throw 'Negative amount!';
    if (amount < 1e-2)
        return 0;
    var v = Math.round(amount*100);
    var integ = Math.floor(v / 100);
    var frac = NumUtil.align2(v % 100);
    var group = integ % 1000;
    integ = Math.floor(integ / 1000);
    if (integ === 0) {
        return group + "." + frac;
    }
    amount = NumUtil.align3(group);
    while (true) {
        group = integ % 1000;
        integ = Math.floor(integ / 1000);
        if (integ === 0)
            return group + " " + amount + "." + frac;
        amount = NumUtil.align3(group) + " " + amount;
    }
    return amount;
}