什么是存储过程?

什么是“存储过程”，它们是如何工作的?

存储过程是由什么组成的(每个东西都必须是存储过程)?

当前回答

存储过程用于检索数据、修改数据和删除数据库表中的数据。你不需要每次在SQL数据库中插入、更新或删除数据时都写一个完整的SQL命令。

2013-12-19 05:25:56

其他回答

在存储过程中，语句只被写入一次，从而减少了客户端和服务器之间的网络流量。我们也可以避免Sql注入攻击。

Incase if you are using a third party program in your application for processing payments, here database should only expose the information it needed and activity that this third party has been authorized, by this we can achieve data confidentiality by setting permissions using Stored Procedures. The updation of table should only done to the table it is targeting but it shouldn't update any other table, by which we can achieve data integrity using transaction processing and error handling. If you want to return one or more items with a data type then it is better to use an output parameter. In Stored Procedures, we use an output parameter for anything that needs to be returned. If you want to return only one item with only an integer data type then better use a return value. Actually the return value is only to inform success or failure of the Stored Procedure.

2018-11-28 12:04:07

存储过程是一组已创建并存储在数据库中的SQL语句。存储过程将接受输入参数，以便多个使用不同输入数据的客户端可以通过网络使用单个过程。存储过程可以减少网络流量并提高性能。如果我们修改一个存储过程，所有的客户端都将得到更新后的存储过程。

创建存储过程的示例

CREATE PROCEDURE test_display
AS
    SELECT FirstName, LastName
    FROM tb_test;

EXEC test_display;

使用存储过程的优点

A stored procedure allows modular programming. You can create the procedure once, store it in the database, and call it any number of times in your program. A stored procedure allows faster execution. If the operation requires a large amount of SQL code that is performed repetitively, stored procedures can be faster. They are parsed and optimized when they are first executed, and a compiled version of the stored procedure remains in a memory cache for later use. This means the stored procedure does not need to be reparsed and reoptimized with each use, resulting in much faster execution times. A stored procedure can reduce network traffic. An operation requiring hundreds of lines of Transact-SQL code can be performed through a single statement that executes the code in a procedure, rather than by sending hundreds of lines of code over the network. Stored procedures provide better security to your data Users can be granted permission to execute a stored procedure even if they do not have permission to execute the procedure's statements directly. In SQL Server we have different types of stored procedures: System stored procedures User-defined stored procedures Extended stored Procedures System-stored procedures are stored in the master database and these start with a sp_ prefix. These procedures can be used to perform a variety of tasks to support SQL Server functions for external application calls in the system tables Example: sp_helptext [StoredProcedure_Name] User-defined stored procedures are usually stored in a user database and are typically designed to complete the tasks in the user database. While coding these procedures don’t use the sp_ prefix because if we use the sp_ prefix first, it will check the master database, and then it comes to user defined database. Extended stored procedures are the procedures that call functions from DLL files. Nowadays, extended stored procedures are deprecated for the reason it would be better to avoid using extended stored procedures.

2014-04-09 12:01:47

存储过程是可以以多种方式执行的一批SQL语句。大多数主流DBMs都支持存储过程;然而，并非所有国家都这样做。您需要查看特定的DBMS帮助文档以了解细节。因为我最熟悉的SQL Server，我将使用它作为我的样本。

要创建一个存储过程，语法相当简单:

CREATE PROCEDURE <owner>.<procedure name>

     <Param> <datatype>

AS

     <Body>

例如:

CREATE PROCEDURE Users_GetUserInfo

    @login nvarchar(30)=null

AS

    SELECT * from [Users]
    WHERE ISNULL(@login,login)=login

存储过程的一个好处是，您可以将数据访问逻辑集中到一个地方，这样DBA就可以很容易地进行优化。存储过程还有安全方面的好处，可以将执行权限授予存储过程，但用户不需要对底层表具有读/写权限。这是反对SQL注入的良好的第一步。

存储过程也有缺点，主要是与基本CRUD操作相关的维护。假设对于每个表，您有一个插入、更新、删除和至少一个基于主键的选择，这意味着每个表将有4个过程。现在有一个400个表的数据库，其中有1600个过程!这还是在你没有副本的前提下你可能会有。

这就是使用ORM或其他方法自动生成基本CRUD操作的优点所在。

2009-01-19 22:57:15

create procedure <owner>.<procedure name><param> <datatype>
As
    <body>

存储过程是将数据访问集中在一点上的SQL语句组。适用于在一个镜头中执行多个操作。

2023-01-23 02:50:04

“什么是存储过程”已经在这里的其他帖子中回答过了。我将要发布的是一种不太为人所知的使用存储过程的方法。它对存储过程进行分组或对存储过程进行编号。

语法参考

；按此编号

可选整数，用于对同名过程进行分组。可以使用一个DROP PROCEDURE语句将这些分组的过程放到一起

例子

CREATE Procedure FirstTest 
(
    @InputA INT
)
AS 
BEGIN
    SELECT 'A' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(10),@InputA)
END
GO

CREATE Procedure FirstTest;2
(
    @InputA INT,
    @InputB INT
)
AS 
BEGIN
    SELECT 'A' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(10),@InputA)+ CONVERT(VARCHAR(10),@InputB)
END
GO

Use

exec FirstTest 10
exec FirstTest;2 20,30

结果

另一个尝试

CREATE Procedure SecondTest;2
(
     @InputA INT,
    @InputB INT
)
AS 
BEGIN
    SELECT 'A' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(10),@InputA)+ CONVERT(VARCHAR(10),@InputB)
END
GO

结果

Msg 2730，级别11，状态1，程序SecondTest，行1[批量启动行3] 无法创建组号为2的过程“SecondTest”，因为数据库中当前不存在同名且组号为1的过程。必须先执行CREATE PROCEDURE 'SecondTest';

引用:

使用数字语法创建过程在SQL Server中编号的存储过程对存储过程进行分组- sqlmag .

谨慎

对过程进行分组后，就不能单独删除它们了。此功能可能会在Microsoft SQL Server的未来版本中删除。

2017-08-15 18:34:21

什么是存储过程?

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