我对PHP、JavaScript和许多其他脚本语言很有经验，但我对Java或Android没有太多经验。
我正在寻找一种方法将POST数据发送到PHP脚本并显示结果。
当前回答
下面的方法适用于最新的Android库和使用okhttp。
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
RequestBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
.add("key1", "value1")
.add("key2", "value2") //optional
.add("key3", "value3") //optional
.add("key4", "value4") //optional
.build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("http://.....") //URL
.post(formBody)
.build();
client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull IOException e) {
e.getStackTrace();
}
@Override
public void onResponse(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull Response response) throws IOException {
if(response.isSuccessful()){
ResponseBody responseBody = response.body();
Log.e("TAG_", responseBody.string());
}
}
其他回答
在新版本的Android中，你必须把所有的web I/O请求放到一个新的线程中。AsyncTask最适合小请求。
下面是一个完整的解决方案，它运行在后台线程中，向Web API发送一个HTTPS POST多部分请求。实际测试和工作代码。注意:“\n”字符需要在顶部的“最终字符串”中进行正确的请求格式化。
我有困难要么理解，转换，或完成以上解决方案，我的多部分POST需求。
@Override
protected Integer doInBackground(String... files) {
final String MULTIPART_BOUNDARY = "xxYYzzSEPARATORzzYYxx";
final String MULTIPART_SEPARATOR = "--" + MULTIPART_BOUNDARY + "\n";
final String MULTIPART_FORM_DATA = "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"%s\"\n\n";
final String FORM_DATA_FILE1 = "file1";
final String FORM_DATA_FILE2 = "file2";
OutputStream outputStream;
Integer responseCode = 0;
try {
URL url = new URL("https://www.example.com/api/endpoint?n1=v1&n2=v2");
HttpsURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + MULTIPART_BOUNDARY);
urlConnection.setConnectTimeout(6000);
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
outputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(urlConnection.getOutputStream());
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
writer.write(MULTIPART_SEPARATOR);
writer.write(String.format(MULTIPART_FORM_DATA, FORM_DATA_FILE1));
writer.write(files[0]);
writer.write(MULTIPART_SEPARATOR);
writer.write(String.format(MULTIPART_FORM_DATA, FORM_DATA_FILE2));
writer.write(files[1]);
writer.write(MULTIPART_SEPARATOR);
writer.flush();
writer.close();
outputStream.close();
urlConnection.connect();
responseCode = urlConnection.getResponseCode();
Log.d("ResponseCode:", String.valueOf(responseCode));
urlConnection.disconnect();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return responseCode;
}
下面的方法适用于最新的Android库和使用okhttp。
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
RequestBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
.add("key1", "value1")
.add("key2", "value2") //optional
.add("key3", "value3") //optional
.add("key4", "value4") //optional
.build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("http://.....") //URL
.post(formBody)
.build();
client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull IOException e) {
e.getStackTrace();
}
@Override
public void onResponse(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull Response response) throws IOException {
if(response.isSuccessful()){
ResponseBody responseBody = response.body();
Log.e("TAG_", responseBody.string());
}
}
注(2020年10月):以下答案中使用的AsyncTask已在Android API级别30中弃用。有关更新的示例，请参考官方文档或本博客文章
更新(2017年6月)答案，适用于Android 6.0+。感谢@Rohit Suthar， @Tamis Bolvari和@sudhiskr的评论。
public class CallAPI extends AsyncTask<String, String, String> {
public CallAPI(){
//set context variables if required
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
super.onPreExecute();
}
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
String urlString = params[0]; // URL to call
String data = params[1]; //data to post
OutputStream out = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(urlString);
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
out = new BufferedOutputStream(urlConnection.getOutputStream());
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out, "UTF-8"));
writer.write(data);
writer.flush();
writer.close();
out.close();
urlConnection.connect();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
引用:
https://developer.android.com/reference/java/net/HttpURLConnection.html 如何使用NameValuePair使用POST添加参数到HttpURLConnection
原答案(2010年5月)
注意:此解决方案已过时。它只能在5.1版本以下的安卓设备上运行。Android 6.0及以上版本不包括本回答中使用的Apache http客户端。
来自Apache Commons的Http Client是可行的。它已经包含在android中。下面是一个简单的例子，说明如何使用它来执行HTTP Post。
public void postData() {
// Create a new HttpClient and Post Header
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://www.yoursite.com/script.php");
try {
// Add your data
List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(2);
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("id", "12345"));
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("stringdata", "Hi"));
httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs));
// Execute HTTP Post Request
HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
}
}
如果你只是想把数据附加到Url，你可以通过使用httppurlconnection来实现，因为HttpClient现在已经弃用了。 更好的方法是使用像-这样的库
凌空抽射 改造
我们可以将数据发送到php脚本，并通过使用AsyncTask类执行的代码来获取结果并显示它。
private class LongOperation extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Void> {
// Required initialization
private String Content;
private String Error = null;
private ProgressDialog Dialog = new ProgressDialog(Login.this);
String data ="";
int sizeData = 0;
protected void onPreExecute() {
// NOTE: You can call UI Element here.
//Start Progress Dialog (Message)
Dialog.setMessage("Please wait..");
Dialog.show();
Dialog.setCancelable(false);
Dialog.setCanceledOnTouchOutside(false);
try{
// Set Request parameter
data +="&" + URLEncoder.encode("username", "UTF-8") + "="+edittext.getText();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// Call after onPreExecute method
protected Void doInBackground(String... urls) {
/************ Make Post Call To Web Server ***********/
BufferedReader reader=null;
// Send data
try
{
// Defined URL where to send data
URL url = new URL(urls[0]);
// Send POST data request
URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);//define connection timeout
conn.setReadTimeout(5000);//define read timeout
conn.setDoOutput(true);
OutputStreamWriter wr = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
wr.write( data );
wr.flush();
// Get the server response
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
String line = null;
// Read Server Response
while((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
{
// Append server response in string
sb.append(line + " ");
}
// Append Server Response To Content String
Content = sb.toString();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Error = ex.getMessage();
}
finally
{
try
{
reader.close();
}
catch(Exception ex) {}
}
return null;
}
protected void onPostExecute(Void unused) {
// NOTE: You can call UI Element here.
// Close progress dialog
Dialog.dismiss();
if (Error != null) {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"Error encountered",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
else {
try {
JSONObject jsonRootObject = new JSONObject(Content);
JSONObject json2 =jsonRootObject.getJSONObject("jsonkey");//pass jsonkey here
String id =json2.optString("id").toString();//parse json to string through parameters
//the result is stored in string id. you can display it now
} catch (JSONException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}
}
}
但是使用诸如volley或retrofit之类的库是更好的选择，因为Asynctask类和HttpurlConnection相比库更慢。此外，库将获取所有内容，也更快。
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